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Product Details
Z2314MP
Applications
Tested Dilution
Publications
Product Specifications
Species Reactivity
Human
Host/Isotype
Mouse
/ IgG1, kappa
Class
Monoclonal
Type
Antibody
Clone
Ber-EP4
Immunogen
MCF-7 human breast carcinoma cell line
Conjugate
Form
Liquid
Purification
Protein A
Storage buffer
tris with BSA, NP-40
Contains
<0.1% sodium azide
Storage conditions
4° C
Shipping conditions
Wet ice
Product Specific Information
This product is diluted and in a ready-to-use formulation.
A recommended positive control tissue for this product is ZMTB-2b, however positive controls are not limited to this tissue type.
The primary antibody is intended for laboratory professional use in the detection of the corresponding protein in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue stained in manual qualitative immunohistochemistry (IHC) testing. This antibody is intended to be used after the primary diagnosis of tumor has been made by conventional histopathology using non-immunological histochemical stains.
Epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EP-CAM) is an approximate 40 kDa transmembrane glycoprotein. In paraffin sections, the protein is detected with many antibodies like anti-Ber-EP4 and anti-MOC-31. EP-CAM (Ber-EP4) is normally expressed at the basolateral membrane of cells in the majority of epithelial tissues. It is not expressed in adult squamous epithelia, hepatocytes, myoepithelial cells, mesothelial cells or fibroblasts. EP-CAM is found in the large majority of adenocarcinomas of most sites (50-100%) in various studies; as well as neuroendocrine tumors, including small cell carcinoma. Renal clear cell carcinoma, renal oncocytoma and hepatocellular carcinoma stain in a minority of the cases, but papillary renal cell carcinoma, chromophobe renal cell carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma stain with clone Ber-EP4 at a higher percentage. Basal cell carcinoma is anti-Ber-EP4 positive in almost all skin squamous carcinoma. EP-CAM can be of great help in the differentiating malignant involvement in the peritoneal and pleural cavities.
Antibody is used with formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded sections. Pretreatment of deparaffinized tissue with heat-induced epitope retrieval or enzymatic retrieval is recommended. In general, immunohistochemical (IHC) staining techniques allow for the visualization of antigens via the sequential application of a specific antibody to the antigen (primary antibody), a secondary antibody to the primary antibody (link antibody), an enzyme complex and a chromogenic substrate with interposed washing steps. The enzymatic activation of the chromogen results in a visible reaction product at the antigen site. Results are interpreted using a light microscope and aid in the differential diagnosis of pathophysiological processes, which may or may not be associated with a particular antigen.
A positive tissue control must be run with every staining procedure performed. This tissue may contain both positive and negative staining cells or tissue components and serve as both the positive and negative control tissue. External Positive control materials should be fresh autopsy/biopsy/surgical specimens fixed, processed and embedded as soon as possible in the same manner as the patient sample (s). Positive tissue controls are indicative of correctly prepared tissues and proper staining methods. The tissues used for the external positive control materials should be selected from the patient specimens with well-characterized low levels of the positive target activity that gives weak positive staining. The low level of positivity for external positive controls is designed to ensure detection of subtle changes in the primary antibody sensitivity from instability or problems with the staining methodology. A tissue with weak positive staining is more suitable for optimal quality control and for detecting minor levels of reagent degradation.
Internal or external negative control tissue may be used depending on the guidelines and policies that govern the organization to which the end user belongs to. The variety of cell types present in many tissue sections offers internal negative control sites, but this should be verified by the user. The components that do not stain should demonstrate the absence of specific staining, and provide an indication of non-specific background staining. If specific staining occurs in the negative tissue control sites, results with the patient specimens must be considered invalid.
Target Information
Ep-CAM (epithelial adhesion molecule, epithelial specific antigen, ESA) is a transmembrane glycoprotein expressed in the epithelium with a molecular weight of approximately 40 kDa, which functions as an epithelial cell adhesion molecule. Ep-CAM functions as a homotypic calcium-independent cell adhesion molecule, and has a direct impact on cell cycle, proliferation and metabolism of epithelial cells and fibroblasts due to its ability to rapidly induce the proto-oncogene c-myc and the cell cycle regulating genes cyclin A and E. Ep-CAM mediates Ca2+-independent homotypic interactions. Formation of Ep-CAM-mediated adhesions have a negative regulatory effect on adhesions mediated by classic cadherins, which may have strong effects on the differentiation and growth of epithelial cells. Ep-CAM overexpression was suggested to be associated with enhanced epithelial proliferation. Ep-CAM is highly expressed in human carcinomas, and is a marker for tumors of epithelial lineage. Ep-CAM is expressed on baso-lateral cell surface in most simple epithelia and many carcinoma types. Also, Ep-CAM reportedly distinguishes adenocarcinomas from pleural mesotheliomas.
For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures. Not for resale without express authorization.
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Bioinformatics
Protein Aliases: Adenocarcinoma-associated antigen; CD326; Cell surface glycoprotein Trop-1; EGP; EGP314; Ep-CAM; Epithelial cell adhesion molecule; Epithelial cell surface antigen; Epithelial glycoprotein; Epithelial glycoprotein 314; hEGP314; human epithelial glycoprotein-2; KS 1/4 antigen; KSA; Major gastrointestinal tumor-associated protein GA733-2; membrane component, chromosome 4, surface marker (35kD glycoprotein); Tumor-associated calcium signal transducer 1
Gene Aliases: DIAR5; EGP-2; EGP314; EGP40; EPCAM; ESA; GA733-2; HNPCC8; KS1/4; KSA; M1S2; M4S1; MIC18; MK-1; TACSTD1; TROP1
UniProt ID: (Human) P16422
Entrez Gene ID: (Human) 4072
ureteric bud development
positive regulation of cell proliferation
signal transduction involved in regulation of gene expression
negative regulation of apoptotic process
positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
stem cell differentiation
cell-cell adhesion
negative regulation of cell-cell adhesion mediated by cadherin
positive regulation of cell motility
positive regulation of stem cell proliferation
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