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Product Details
Z2376MP
Applications
Tested Dilution
Publications
Product Specifications
Species Reactivity
Human
Host/Isotype
Mouse
/ IgG2b, kappa
Class
Monoclonal
Type
Antibody
Clone
ZM66
Immunogen
Recombinant human GZMB protein fragment (around aa 73-187)
Conjugate
Form
Liquid
Purification
Protein A
Storage buffer
tris with BSA, NP-40
Contains
<0.1% sodium azide
Storage conditions
4° C
Shipping conditions
Wet ice
Product Specific Information
This product is diluted and in a ready-to-use formulation.
A recommended positive control tissue for this product is NET, however positive controls are not limited to this tissue type.
The primary antibody is intended for laboratory professional use in the detection of the corresponding protein in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue stained in manual qualitative immunohistochemistry (IHC) testing. This antibody is intended to be used after the primary diagnosis of tumor has been made by conventional histopathology using non-immunological histochemical stains.
Granzyme B is a member of the granule serine protease family stored specifically in NK cells or cytotoxic T cells. Cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTL) and natural killer (NK) cells share the ability to recognize, bind, and lyse specific target cells. They are thought to protect their host by lysing cells bearing on their surface 'nonself' antigens, usually peptides or proteins resulting from infection by intracellular pathogens. Granzyme B is crucial for the rapid induction of target cell apoptosis by CTLs in the cell-mediated immune response. Granzyme B is useful as a marker in the identification of NK/T-cell lymphomas. High percentages of cytotoxic T-cells have been shown to be an unfavorable prognostic indicator in Hodgkin’s Disease.
Antibody is used with formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded sections. Pretreatment of deparaffinized tissue with heat-induced epitope retrieval or enzymatic retrieval is recommended. In general, immunohistochemical (IHC) staining techniques allow for the visualization of antigens via the sequential application of a specific antibody to the antigen (primary antibody), a secondary antibody to the primary antibody (link antibody), an enzyme complex and a chromogenic substrate with interposed washing steps. The enzymatic activation of the chromogen results in a visible reaction product at the antigen site. Results are interpreted using a light microscope and aid in the differential diagnosis of pathophysiological processes, which may or may not be associated with a particular antigen.
A positive tissue control must be run with every staining procedure performed. This tissue may contain both positive and negative staining cells or tissue components and serve as both the positive and negative control tissue. External Positive control materials should be fresh autopsy/biopsy/surgical specimens fixed, processed and embedded as soon as possible in the same manner as the patient sample (s). Positive tissue controls are indicative of correctly prepared tissues and proper staining methods. The tissues used for the external positive control materials should be selected from the patient specimens with well-characterized low levels of the positive target activity that gives weak positive staining. The low level of positivity for external positive controls is designed to ensure detection of subtle changes in the primary antibody sensitivity from instability or problems with the staining methodology. A tissue with weak positive staining is more suitable for optimal quality control and for detecting minor levels of reagent degradation.
Internal or external negative control tissue may be used depending on the guidelines and policies that govern the organization to which the end user belongs to. The variety of cell types present in many tissue sections offers internal negative control sites, but this should be verified by the user. The components that do not stain should demonstrate the absence of specific staining, and provide an indication of non-specific background staining. If specific staining occurs in the negative tissue control sites, results with the patient specimens must be considered invalid.
Target Information
Granzyme B is a member of the granzyme serine protease family, and is found in the granules of cytotoxic T cells and NK cells. Granzyme B has been described as CGL1 (cathepsin G-like-1), a serine protease expressed only in cytotoxic T-lymphocytes after cell activation, and CTLA-1 (cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated serine esterase 1) based on identification of mRNA in various cytotoxic T cells, but not observed in non-cytotoxic lymphoid cells. Granzyme B is crucial for the rapid induction of target cell death by apoptosis, induced by interaction with cytotoxic T cells. The receptor involved in this process has been identified as mannose 6-phosphate receptor which functions as a death receptor for Granzyme B during cytotoxic T cell-induced apoptosis. Granzyme B enters target cells to cleave caspase-3 and initiate the caspase cascade leading to DNA fragmentation and apoptosis. Granzyme B can also act through a mitochondrial apoptosis pathway by cleaving the Bid protein. Granzymes are neutral serine proteases, which are stored in specialized lytic granules of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and in natural killer (NK) cells. A number of granzymes (A to G) have been isolated and cloned from mouse CTLs and NK cells, however in man, fewer have been cloned and identified.
For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures. Not for resale without express authorization.
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Bioinformatics
Protein Aliases: C11; Cathepsin G-like 1; CTLA-1; CTSGL1; cytotoxic serine protease B; Cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated serine esterase 1; Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte proteinase 2; cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated serine esterase 1; fragmentin 2; Fragmentin-2; granzyme 2; Granzyme B; granzyme B (granzyme 2, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated serine esterase 1); Granzyme-2; GranzymeB; HLP; Human lymphocyte protein; Human lymphocyte protein (Hlp); Lymphocyte protease; OTTHUMP00000028189; SECT; T-cell serine protease 1-3E
Gene Aliases: CCPI; CGL-1; CGL1; CSP-B; CSPB; CTLA1; CTSGL1; GRB; GZMB; HLP; SECT
UniProt ID: (Human) P10144
Entrez Gene ID: (Human) 3002
Performance Guarantee
If an Invitrogen™ antibody doesn't perform as described on our website or datasheet,we'll replace the product at no cost to you, or provide you with a credit for a future purchase.*
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