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Mutations in the Niemann-Pick disease type C1 (NPC1) gene result in a fatal progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by an abnormal sequestration of lipids including cholesterol and glycosphingolipids. The NPC1 protein is a large protein that resides in the limiting membrane of endosomes and lysosomes and mediates intracellular cholesterol trafficking via binding of cholesterol to its N-terminal domain. NPC1 transports low-density lipoproteins to late endosomal/lysosomal compartments where they are hydrolyzed and released as free cholesterol. NPC1, in addition to FTO, MC4R, and PTER has recently been shown to be a new risk loci for early-onset and morbid adult obesity in European populations.
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Protein Aliases: FLJ98532; Niemann Pick type C1; Niemann-Pick C1 protein; Niemann-Pick disease, type C1; NPC intracellular cholesterol transporter 1; sphingomyelinosis; truncated Niemann-Pick C1
Gene Aliases: A430089E03Rik; C85354; Cdig2; D18Ertd139e; D18Ertd723e; lcsd; nmf164; NPC; NPC1; spm
UniProt ID: (Human) O15118, (Mouse) O35604
Entrez Gene ID: (Human) 4864, (Mouse) 18145, (Rat) 266732
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