{"id":11091,"date":"2018-02-27T17:00:12","date_gmt":"2018-02-27T17:00:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/blog\/behindthebench\/?p=11091"},"modified":"2018-10-18T23:51:33","modified_gmt":"2018-10-18T23:51:33","slug":"custom-genotyping-for-wheat-diversity","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/blog\/behindthebench\/custom-genotyping-for-wheat-diversity\/","title":{"rendered":"Custom Genotyping for Wheat Diversity"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Dr.Wheat (Triticum aestivum<\/em>) is a complex and valuable crop to genotype in agrigenomics. As one of the “big three” grains alongside rice and barley, supplying approximately 20% of global nutrition calories,1<\/sup>\u00a0wheat is also the least well mapped for genetic diversity and useful trait variations. However, Professor Jizeng Jia, from the Institute of Crop Sciences at the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences in Beijing, China, sees this changing with development of the Applied Biosystems Axiom Wheat 660K Genotyping Array. (More information about the custom Axiom 660K Genotyping Array is available from Professor Jia. Thermo Fisher Scientific also offers commercially available Axiom Wheat Genotyping Arrays<\/a>). His team’s 2017 publication uses the genotyping array to map the homoeologous relationship between wheat and a wild relative using genetic linkage maps that could prove valuable to plant scientists for increasing crop diversity.2<\/sup><\/p>\n

Wheat complexity<\/h1>\n

Wheat research lags behind rice research because of a lack of genomic sequence and fine mapping information, according to Professor Jia, who has more than 40 years\u2019 experience in this particular field.<\/p>\n

Wheat is an ancient crop, and modern strains come from historical cross-breeding among grass species. As a result, the wheat genome is highly complex. Not only does it contain approximately five times the number of base pairs (17 Gb) as the human genome, but 80% of the wheat genome comprises highly repetitive sequences, making it extremely difficult to identify regions within the genome. Furthermore, although wheat has only seven chromosomes, each exists in triplicate<\/a>. This hexaploidy, though confusing, is considered a benefit, as it yields diversity. However, it also means that the wheat genome is highly dynamic and therefore difficult to study.<\/p>\n

Diversity for crop improvement<\/h1>\n

Improving crop strains is an ongoing area of interest in agriculture, not only for improving yields but also in terms of introducing biotic stress tolerance, disease resistance and climate adaptation\u2014all valuable for long-term agricultural strategy.\u00a0Diversity in wheat comes from intentional breeding with wild relatives of commercial wheat strains.<\/p>\n

However, in order to successfully improve crop strains, wheat researchers need detailed maps of beneficial traits as they relate to the wheat genome. Since these high-resolution genetic maps did not exist, Professor Jia and his team set out to develop an integrated genomics platform for wheat. They sequenced the D genome of approximately 100 wheat varieties and discovered 51 million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs\u00a0). In comparison, the human genome contains around 10 million SNPs. By examining SNP clustering and generating a HapMap\u2014the map showing haplotype locations valuable for genome-wide association studies into beneficial traits\u2014wheat researchers could accelerate crop improvement.<\/p>\n

Wheat genotyping custom solutions<\/h1>\n

The Thermo Fisher Scientific bioinformatics team worked alongside Professor Jia and his team to create a high-density custom array for wheat research on the Axiom Genotyping Solution platform<\/a>. Highly knowledgeable and experienced in collaborating with industrial and academic agricultural experts, the team developed the Axiom Wheat 660K Genotyping Array\u2014a powerful tool for evaluating genetic diversity and investigating the genetic basis of trait variations in polyploid wheat.<\/p>\n

Jia identifies dissatisfaction with existing tools, the Illumina 9K and 90K arrays, as the reason for creating the genotyping solution. \u201cThere were three main problems with the Illumina SNP arrays,\u201d he states, listing difficulty with genotyping due to multi-copy locations of most SNP markers, less polymorphism in common wheat, and insufficient numbers of markers to use.<\/p>\n

\u201cA custom array for the D genome markers was needed. To solve these challenges, we developed the Axiom Wheat 660K Genotyping Array with Thermo Fisher Scientific,\u201d Jia explains.<\/p>\n

Array in action<\/h1>\n

The success of the partnership is borne out in results shown in Professor Jia\u2019s paper,2<\/sup>\u00a0which creates extensive linkage maps between wheat and Agropyron<\/em> Gaertn. (P genome), a wild relative of wheat. The team genotyped two parents and 119 progenies of the wild relative with the 660K array, describing the workflow as an efficient high-throughput screening method. From these data, the researchers then examined homoeologous relationships between wild and common wheat, showing close associations on genetic linkage maps.<\/p>\n

In summary, Jia and his coauthors note that these results could \u201csignificantly accelerate the introgression of genetic variation from Agropyron<\/em> into wheat for exploitation in wheat improvement programmes.\u201d<\/p>\n

Being able to explicitly map wheat SNPs as third-generation molecular markers is important to wheat research. Jia explains that SNPs will last longer than previous markers, RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism, 1990\u2013 994) and SSR (simple sequence repeat, 1995\u20132015) and “will be widely applied in wheat genomics, genetics, and breeding in the future.\u201d<\/p>\n

Where previously wheat researchers did not have access to an ideal SNP array, Professor Jia considers that the high-density Axiom Wheat 660K Genotyping Array can at last \u201cpush the studies of wheat genomics, genetic diversity detection and HapMap development, and gene cloning and development.\u201d<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

References<\/strong><\/p>\n

1.\u00a0 Brenchley, R., et al. (2012) “Analysis of the bread wheat genome using whole-genome shotgun sequencing<\/a>,” Nature, 491 (pp. 705\u2013710). doi:10.1038\/nature11650.<\/p>\n

2. Zhou, S., et al. (2017) “Construction of Agropyron<\/em> Gaertn. genetic linkage maps using a wheat 660K SNP array reveals a homoeologous relationship with the wheat genome<\/a>,” Plant Biotechnology Journal, 16(3) (pp.\u00a0818\u2013827). doi:\u00a010.1111\/pbi.12831.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Wheat (Triticum aestivum) is a complex and valuable crop to genotype in agrigenomics. As one of the “big three” grains alongside rice and barley, supplying approximately 20% of global nutrition calories,1\u00a0wheat is also the least well mapped for genetic diversity and useful trait variations. However, Professor Jizeng Jia, from the Institute of Crop Sciences at<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":120,"featured_media":11090,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[83],"tags":[74],"division":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-11091","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-animal-health-and-agrigenomics","8":"tag-sequencing","9":"entry"},"_selected_authors":"","_selected_reviewers":"","acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nCustom Genotyping for Wheat Diversity<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The Axiom Wheat 660K Genotyping Array is mapping the complex wheat genome, which could help plant scientists increase wheat crop diversity.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/blog\/behindthebench\/custom-genotyping-for-wheat-diversity\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Custom Genotyping for Wheat Diversity\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The Axiom Wheat 660K Genotyping Array is mapping the complex wheat genome, which could help plant scientists increase wheat crop diversity.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/blog\/behindthebench\/custom-genotyping-for-wheat-diversity\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Behind the Bench\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/thermofisher\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2018-02-27T17:00:12+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2018-10-18T23:51:33+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/behindthebench\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2018\/02\/dr20jia20in20wheat-1.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"545\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"407\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Behind The Bench Staff\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@thermofisher\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@thermofisher\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Behind The Bench Staff\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.thermofisher.com\\\/blog\\\/behindthebench\\\/custom-genotyping-for-wheat-diversity\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.thermofisher.com\\\/blog\\\/behindthebench\\\/custom-genotyping-for-wheat-diversity\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Behind The Bench Staff\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\\\/behindthebench\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/9bbb2d67616274d3d4a21a584f7f4a0c\"},\"headline\":\"Custom Genotyping for Wheat Diversity\",\"datePublished\":\"2018-02-27T17:00:12+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2018-10-18T23:51:33+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.thermofisher.com\\\/blog\\\/behindthebench\\\/custom-genotyping-for-wheat-diversity\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":837,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.thermofisher.com\\\/blog\\\/behindthebench\\\/custom-genotyping-for-wheat-diversity\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\\\/behindthebench\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/9\\\/2018\\\/02\\\/dr20jia20in20wheat-1.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"sequencing\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Animal Health and AgriGenomics\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.thermofisher.com\\\/blog\\\/behindthebench\\\/custom-genotyping-for-wheat-diversity\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.thermofisher.com\\\/blog\\\/behindthebench\\\/custom-genotyping-for-wheat-diversity\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.thermofisher.com\\\/blog\\\/behindthebench\\\/custom-genotyping-for-wheat-diversity\\\/\",\"name\":\"Custom Genotyping for Wheat Diversity\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\\\/behindthebench\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.thermofisher.com\\\/blog\\\/behindthebench\\\/custom-genotyping-for-wheat-diversity\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.thermofisher.com\\\/blog\\\/behindthebench\\\/custom-genotyping-for-wheat-diversity\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\\\/behindthebench\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/9\\\/2018\\\/02\\\/dr20jia20in20wheat-1.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2018-02-27T17:00:12+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2018-10-18T23:51:33+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\\\/behindthebench\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/9bbb2d67616274d3d4a21a584f7f4a0c\"},\"description\":\"The Axiom Wheat 660K Genotyping Array is mapping the complex wheat genome, which could help plant scientists increase wheat crop diversity.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.thermofisher.com\\\/blog\\\/behindthebench\\\/custom-genotyping-for-wheat-diversity\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.thermofisher.com\\\/blog\\\/behindthebench\\\/custom-genotyping-for-wheat-diversity\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.thermofisher.com\\\/blog\\\/behindthebench\\\/custom-genotyping-for-wheat-diversity\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\\\/behindthebench\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/9\\\/2018\\\/02\\\/dr20jia20in20wheat-1.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\\\/behindthebench\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/9\\\/2018\\\/02\\\/dr20jia20in20wheat-1.jpg\",\"width\":545,\"height\":407,\"caption\":\"Dr. Jia Jizeng crouches in a field of wheat. Image \u00a9Jia Jizeng 2018.\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.thermofisher.com\\\/blog\\\/behindthebench\\\/custom-genotyping-for-wheat-diversity\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\\\/behindthebench\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Custom Genotyping for Wheat Diversity\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\\\/behindthebench\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\\\/behindthebench\\\/\",\"name\":\"Behind the Bench\",\"description\":\"\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\\\/behindthebench\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\\\/behindthebench\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/9bbb2d67616274d3d4a21a584f7f4a0c\",\"name\":\"Behind The Bench Staff\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/52d5c16ece4bd1c0a49a63521c2b6a25c54a3f0c33f7afed215ba7e0cdff69e3?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/52d5c16ece4bd1c0a49a63521c2b6a25c54a3f0c33f7afed215ba7e0cdff69e3?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/52d5c16ece4bd1c0a49a63521c2b6a25c54a3f0c33f7afed215ba7e0cdff69e3?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Behind The Bench Staff\"},\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\\\/author\\\/behind-the-bench-staff\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Custom Genotyping for Wheat Diversity","description":"The Axiom Wheat 660K Genotyping Array is mapping the complex wheat genome, which could help plant scientists increase wheat crop diversity.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/blog\/behindthebench\/custom-genotyping-for-wheat-diversity\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Custom Genotyping for Wheat Diversity","og_description":"The Axiom Wheat 660K Genotyping Array is mapping the complex wheat genome, which could help plant scientists increase wheat crop diversity.","og_url":"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/blog\/behindthebench\/custom-genotyping-for-wheat-diversity\/","og_site_name":"Behind the Bench","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/thermofisher","article_published_time":"2018-02-27T17:00:12+00:00","article_modified_time":"2018-10-18T23:51:33+00:00","og_image":[{"width":545,"height":407,"url":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/behindthebench\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2018\/02\/dr20jia20in20wheat-1.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Behind The Bench Staff","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@thermofisher","twitter_site":"@thermofisher","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Behind The Bench Staff","Est. reading time":"4 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/blog\/behindthebench\/custom-genotyping-for-wheat-diversity\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/blog\/behindthebench\/custom-genotyping-for-wheat-diversity\/"},"author":{"name":"Behind The Bench Staff","@id":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/behindthebench\/#\/schema\/person\/9bbb2d67616274d3d4a21a584f7f4a0c"},"headline":"Custom Genotyping for Wheat Diversity","datePublished":"2018-02-27T17:00:12+00:00","dateModified":"2018-10-18T23:51:33+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/blog\/behindthebench\/custom-genotyping-for-wheat-diversity\/"},"wordCount":837,"commentCount":0,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/blog\/behindthebench\/custom-genotyping-for-wheat-diversity\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/behindthebench\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2018\/02\/dr20jia20in20wheat-1.jpg","keywords":["sequencing"],"articleSection":["Animal Health and AgriGenomics"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/blog\/behindthebench\/custom-genotyping-for-wheat-diversity\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/blog\/behindthebench\/custom-genotyping-for-wheat-diversity\/","url":"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/blog\/behindthebench\/custom-genotyping-for-wheat-diversity\/","name":"Custom Genotyping for Wheat Diversity","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/behindthebench\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/blog\/behindthebench\/custom-genotyping-for-wheat-diversity\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/blog\/behindthebench\/custom-genotyping-for-wheat-diversity\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/behindthebench\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2018\/02\/dr20jia20in20wheat-1.jpg","datePublished":"2018-02-27T17:00:12+00:00","dateModified":"2018-10-18T23:51:33+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/behindthebench\/#\/schema\/person\/9bbb2d67616274d3d4a21a584f7f4a0c"},"description":"The Axiom Wheat 660K Genotyping Array is mapping the complex wheat genome, which could help plant scientists increase wheat crop diversity.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/blog\/behindthebench\/custom-genotyping-for-wheat-diversity\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/blog\/behindthebench\/custom-genotyping-for-wheat-diversity\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/blog\/behindthebench\/custom-genotyping-for-wheat-diversity\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/behindthebench\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2018\/02\/dr20jia20in20wheat-1.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/behindthebench\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2018\/02\/dr20jia20in20wheat-1.jpg","width":545,"height":407,"caption":"Dr. Jia Jizeng crouches in a field of wheat. Image \u00a9Jia Jizeng 2018."},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/blog\/behindthebench\/custom-genotyping-for-wheat-diversity\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/behindthebench\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Custom Genotyping for Wheat Diversity"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/behindthebench\/#website","url":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/behindthebench\/","name":"Behind the Bench","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/behindthebench\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/behindthebench\/#\/schema\/person\/9bbb2d67616274d3d4a21a584f7f4a0c","name":"Behind The Bench Staff","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/52d5c16ece4bd1c0a49a63521c2b6a25c54a3f0c33f7afed215ba7e0cdff69e3?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/52d5c16ece4bd1c0a49a63521c2b6a25c54a3f0c33f7afed215ba7e0cdff69e3?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/52d5c16ece4bd1c0a49a63521c2b6a25c54a3f0c33f7afed215ba7e0cdff69e3?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Behind The Bench Staff"},"url":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/author\/behind-the-bench-staff\/"}]}},"taxonomy_info":{"category":[{"value":83,"label":"Animal Health and AgriGenomics"}],"post_tag":[{"value":74,"label":"sequencing"}]},"featured_image_src_large":["https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/behindthebench\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2018\/02\/dr20jia20in20wheat-1.jpg",545,407,false],"author_info":{"display_name":"Behind The Bench Staff","author_link":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/author\/behind-the-bench-staff\/"},"comment_info":0,"category_info":[{"term_id":83,"name":"Animal Health and AgriGenomics","slug":"animal-health-and-agrigenomics","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":83,"taxonomy":"category","description":"","parent":0,"count":65,"filter":"raw","meta":[],"cat_ID":83,"category_count":65,"category_description":"","cat_name":"Animal Health and AgriGenomics","category_nicename":"animal-health-and-agrigenomics","category_parent":0}],"tag_info":[{"term_id":74,"name":"sequencing","slug":"sequencing","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":74,"taxonomy":"post_tag","description":"","parent":0,"count":158,"filter":"raw","meta":[]}],"jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":19640,"url":"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/blog\/behindthebench\/direct-from-lysate-snp-genotyping-in-research-applications\/","url_meta":{"origin":11091,"position":0},"title":"Direct-from-Lysate SNP Genotyping in Research Applications","author":"Ashleigh Barlow","date":"April 6, 2026","format":false,"excerpt":"Direct-from-lysate workflow enabled by DNA Extract All Reagents compared to traditional DNA purification for SNP genotyping applications. Can You Perform SNP Genotyping Without DNA Purification? The short answer: In many research workflows, direct-from-lysate SNP genotyping can be performed without traditional DNA purification\u2014when appropriate chemistries and verification procedures are used. Direct-from-lysate\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "General"","block_context":{"text":"General","link":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/behindthebench\/general\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Comparison of traditional DNA purification workflow and direct-from-lysate workflow using DNA Extract All Reagents for SNP genotyping prior to qPCR.","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/behindthebench\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/04\/blog-image-1.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/behindthebench\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/04\/blog-image-1.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/behindthebench\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/04\/blog-image-1.png?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/behindthebench\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/04\/blog-image-1.png?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/behindthebench\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/04\/blog-image-1.png?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/behindthebench\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/04\/blog-image-1.png?resize=1400%2C800&ssl=1 4x"},"classes":[]},{"id":19168,"url":"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/blog\/behindthebench\/understanding-dna-melting-analysis-using-uv-visible-spectroscopy\/","url_meta":{"origin":11091,"position":1},"title":"Understanding DNA Melting Analysis Using UV-Visible Spectroscopy","author":"Marlene Gasdia-Cochrane","date":"October 14, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"DNA melting analysis is a vital molecular biology technique used to study the stability and properties of DNA by monitoring its transition from double-stranded to single-stranded form with increasing temperature. UV-visible spectroscopy measures changes in DNA absorbance during this process, providing insights into DNA stability, sequence composition, and molecular interactions.\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Pharma & Biotech Manufacturing"","block_context":{"text":"Pharma & Biotech Manufacturing","link":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/behindthebench\/pharmamfg\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Close-up Of Dna Molecule On Blue Background","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/behindthebench\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2025\/10\/iStock-2200215349.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/behindthebench\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2025\/10\/iStock-2200215349.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/behindthebench\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2025\/10\/iStock-2200215349.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/behindthebench\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2025\/10\/iStock-2200215349.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/behindthebench\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2025\/10\/iStock-2200215349.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/behindthebench\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2025\/10\/iStock-2200215349.jpg?resize=1400%2C800&ssl=1 4x"},"classes":[]},{"id":19461,"url":"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/blog\/behindthebench\/grapevine-downy-mildew-fungicide-resistance-detection\/","url_meta":{"origin":11091,"position":2},"title":"Tracking grape pathogens from air to vine \u2013 a conversation with Lexi Heger","author":"Behind The Bench Staff","date":"February 28, 2026","format":false,"excerpt":"On the Absolute Gene-ius podcast, Lexi Heger, PhD candidate in Plant Pathology and Molecular Plant Sciences at Michigan State University, explores the molecular detection of grapevine pathogens and how qPCR and digital PCR (dPCR) are transforming plant disease research. Her research centers on downy mildew of grape (Plasmopara viticola) and\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Animal Health and AgriGenomics"","block_context":{"text":"Animal Health and AgriGenomics","link":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/behindthebench\/animal-health-and-agrigenomics\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Portrait of a smiling plant pathology researcher standing outdoors beside grapevine leaves.","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/behindthebench\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/02\/Heger-headshot-1_Jordan-Ruggieri-scaled.jpeg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/behindthebench\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/02\/Heger-headshot-1_Jordan-Ruggieri-scaled.jpeg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/behindthebench\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/02\/Heger-headshot-1_Jordan-Ruggieri-scaled.jpeg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/behindthebench\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/02\/Heger-headshot-1_Jordan-Ruggieri-scaled.jpeg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/behindthebench\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/02\/Heger-headshot-1_Jordan-Ruggieri-scaled.jpeg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/behindthebench\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/02\/Heger-headshot-1_Jordan-Ruggieri-scaled.jpeg?resize=1400%2C800&ssl=1 4x"},"classes":[]},{"id":19676,"url":"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/blog\/behindthebench\/avian-influenza-qpcr-assay-failure\/","url_meta":{"origin":11091,"position":3},"title":"Avian Influenza qPCR Testing: How Viral Evolution Contributes to Assay Failure\u2014and How Labs Can Stay Ahead","author":"Behind The Bench Staff","date":"May 1, 2026","format":false,"excerpt":"Molecular veterinary diagnostic laboratories rely on reverse transcriptase real-time PCR (RT qPCR) assays to detect avian influenza virus (AIV) quickly and accurately. These assays are central to surveillance programs, outbreak response, and disease control\u2014particularly for highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) strains such as H5Nx. As Influenza A viruses continue to\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Animal Health and AgriGenomics"","block_context":{"text":"Animal Health and AgriGenomics","link":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/behindthebench\/animal-health-and-agrigenomics\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Chickens in a flock on a farm representing poultry populations monitored for avian influenza surveillance.","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/behindthebench\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/05\/Untitled-3.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/behindthebench\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/05\/Untitled-3.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/behindthebench\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/05\/Untitled-3.png?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/behindthebench\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/05\/Untitled-3.png?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":19810,"url":"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/blog\/behindthebench\/integration-site-analysis-gene-therapy-safety\/","url_meta":{"origin":11091,"position":4},"title":"Genotoxicity, vectors, and the power of integration site analysis","author":"Ashleigh Barlow","date":"June 23, 2026","format":false,"excerpt":"Article Summary In this episode of Absolute Gene-ius, Michael Stump, PhD, President of ProtaGene, and Matteo Franco, Lead Scientist at ProtaGene, discuss how integration site analysis is helping researchers evaluate genotoxicity risks in cell and gene therapy workflows. Their conversation explores how viral vectors integrate into the genome, why integration\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Gene Editing"","block_context":{"text":"Gene Editing","link":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/behindthebench\/gene-editing\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Matteo Franco, Lead Scientist at ProtaGene, discussing integration site analysis and genotoxicity assessment","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/behindthebench\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/06\/FRANCO-headshot_Jordan-Ruggieri.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/behindthebench\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/06\/FRANCO-headshot_Jordan-Ruggieri.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/behindthebench\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/06\/FRANCO-headshot_Jordan-Ruggieri.png?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/behindthebench\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/06\/FRANCO-headshot_Jordan-Ruggieri.png?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/behindthebench\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/06\/FRANCO-headshot_Jordan-Ruggieri.png?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/behindthebench\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/06\/FRANCO-headshot_Jordan-Ruggieri.png?resize=1400%2C800&ssl=1 4x"},"classes":[]},{"id":19888,"url":"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/blog\/behindthebench\/streptococcus-pneumoniae-serotype-identification-qpcr-nested-pcr\/","url_meta":{"origin":11091,"position":5},"title":"qPCR, Nested PCR, and the Search for Bacterial Serotypes","author":"Ashleigh Barlow","date":"August 5, 2026","format":false,"excerpt":"Article Summary In this episode of Absolute Gene-ius, Donna Paznar, former Head of Molecular Infection Diagnostics at the Medical University of Vienna, discusses her research on Streptococcus pneumoniae and its impact across the Austrian population. She explains why children can act as asymptomatic reservoirs, why tracking bacterial serotypes matters, and\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Infectious Diseases"","block_context":{"text":"Infectious Diseases","link":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/behindthebench\/infectious-diseases\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Donna Paznar discussing molecular methods for identifying Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes.","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/behindthebench\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/08\/Paznar_Headshot_Jordan-Ruggieri-scaled.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/behindthebench\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/08\/Paznar_Headshot_Jordan-Ruggieri-scaled.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/behindthebench\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/08\/Paznar_Headshot_Jordan-Ruggieri-scaled.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/behindthebench\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/08\/Paznar_Headshot_Jordan-Ruggieri-scaled.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/behindthebench\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/08\/Paznar_Headshot_Jordan-Ruggieri-scaled.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/behindthebench\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/08\/Paznar_Headshot_Jordan-Ruggieri-scaled.jpg?resize=1400%2C800&ssl=1 4x"},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/behindthebench\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2018\/02\/dr20jia20in20wheat-1.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/blog\/behindthebench\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11091","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/blog\/behindthebench\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/blog\/behindthebench\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/blog\/behindthebench\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/120"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/blog\/behindthebench\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11091"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/blog\/behindthebench\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11091\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/blog\/behindthebench\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11090"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/blog\/behindthebench\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11091"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/blog\/behindthebench\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11091"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/blog\/behindthebench\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11091"},{"taxonomy":"division","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/blog\/behindthebench\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/division?post=11091"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}