{"id":2248,"date":"2014-03-03T08:30:33","date_gmt":"2014-03-03T13:30:33","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/?p=2248"},"modified":"2016-04-28T20:14:43","modified_gmt":"2016-04-28T20:14:43","slug":"mining-mardi-gras-and-moonpies","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/blog\/mining\/mining-mardi-gras-and-moonpies\/","title":{"rendered":"Mining, Mardi Gras, and Moonpies"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><div id=\"attachment_2249\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"http:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/02\/464574215.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2249\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-2249\" alt=\"Mardi Gras balcony decoration, New Orleans\" src=\"http:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/02\/464574215-300x180.jpg\" width=\"300\" height=\"180\" srcset=\"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/mining\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2014\/02\/464574215-300x180.jpg 300w, https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/mining\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2014\/02\/464574215-400x240.jpg 400w, https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/mining\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2014\/02\/464574215.jpg 764w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-2249\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">New Orleans would have a lot less sparkle without the availability of mined ores.<\/p><\/div>  New Orleans is not considered the mining capital of the world (though they do have many salt mines).\u00a0 However, if it wasn\u2019t for\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.thermoscientific.com\/advancingmining\">mining<\/a>, the city\u2019s famous Mardi Gras celebrations may not have the same look.\u00a0 Mardi Gras is known for its carnival atmosphere, partying, and \u2018throws\u2019.\u00a0 The throws are usually beaded necklaces, doubloons, and other trinkets that are tossed to spectators from floats in the New Orleans parade.  There are millions of pounds of beads used in the celebration every year, and although most of those necklaces are made of plastic, their colors shine because they also contain a metallic finish.\u00a0 That coating is made from a paint that contains metals, a material that had to be mined from the ground.  Iron oxide, stainless steel (an alloy of <a href=\"http:\/\/www.niton.com\/docs\/literature\/iron-ore-mining-and-grade-control-app-summary.pdf?sfvrsn=2\">iron<\/a> with carbon and other elements, including chromium), mica and other reflective rock powders are combined with a binder, water, and pigment to create\u00a0metallic acrylic paint.\u00a0 Titanium dioxide is added to make a shiny appearance. Bronze, aluminum, copper or gold powders, and silver pastes containing aluminum powder or flakes are also used.\u00a0 Unfortunately, although they have been banned by the \u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.cpsc.gov\/\">U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission\u2019s (CPSC)<\/a>, many cheap\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.niton.com\/en\/toys-consumer-goods-screening-with-handheld-xrf\/applications\/jewelry\">beads that contain toxic metals<\/a>, like lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) are still hanging around and should be avoided. (Portable\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.thermoscientific.com\/content\/dam\/tfs\/ATG\/CAD\/CAD%20Documents\/Catalogs%20&amp;%20Brochures\/Elemental%20Analysis\/XRF\/D00833~.pdf\">XRF analyzers<\/a>\u00a0are helpful in screening consumer products for lead and other toxic metals, as well as for\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.niton.com\/en\/mining\">mining<\/a>.)  The more expensive metallic beads have a metal surface coating, commonly made of\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.niton.com\/docs\/literature\/quality-control-and-assurance-for-lead-free-brass.pdf?sfvrsn=5\">brass<\/a>\u00a0(an alloy made of copper and zinc), copper, or sometimes gun metal\u00a0 (an alloy of copper, tin, and zinc).\u00a0 These beads are typically used for unique jewelry necklaces, decorative chains, and crafting.\u00a0 Even more expensive necklaces can contain precious metal beads but would be worn at a fancy ball, never thrown in a parade.  Another metal throw that is not worn around the neck is the doubloon \u2013coins stamped with images and logos of the sponsoring Krewe (social organization).\u00a0 These coins are usually made of aluminum (its chief\u00a0ore being <a href=\"http:\/\/www.niton.com\/docs\/literature\/Bauxite_Analysis_with_the_Thermo_Scientific_Niton_XL3t_GOLDD.pdf?sfvrsn=2\">bauxite<\/a>) and anodized in many different colors. \u00a0Some Krewes mint special doubloons in colored bronze, or even sterling silver, as keepsakes for family and close friends.  A famous Mardi Gras treat is the\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.moonpie.com\/\">MoonPie<\/a>\u00a0(sometimes known as a whoopee pie).\u00a0 The MoonPie was invented in 1919 especially for miners.\u00a0 According to the manufacturer:\u00a0 a bakery salesman visited a company store that catered to coal miners.\u00a0 The miners said they wanted something solid and filling because they often didn\u2019t get time to break for lunch.\u00a0 \u201cAbout how big?\u201d the salesman asked.\u00a0 A miner held out his hands, framing the moon, and said \u201cAbout that big!\u201d\u00a0 When the salesman returned to the bakery, he noticed some of the workers dipping graham cookies into marshmallow and laying them on the window sill to harden.\u00a0 The bakers added another cookie and coated it with chocolate, and it was named the MoonPie.\u00a0 It became a favorite snack of coal miners.\u00a0 Later, in the 1970s, it became a parade float throw to hungry spectators, and now millions of MoonPies are thrown from Mardi Gras floats each year.  So when you are hanging those beaded necklaces around your neck, while you are munching on a MoonPie, remember the miner that helped make it happen.  <em>Mardi Gras 2014 is Tuesday, March 4<\/em>  *\u00a0<em>How Is Metallic Paint Produced?<\/em>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ehow.com\/about_6674094_metallic-paint-produced_.html\">http:\/\/www.ehow.com\/about_6674094_metallic-paint-produced_.html<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>New Orleans is not considered the mining capital of the world (though they do have many salt mines).\u00a0 However, if it wasn\u2019t for\u00a0mining, the city\u2019s famous Mardi Gras celebrations may not have the same look.\u00a0 Mardi Gras is known for its carnival atmosphere, partying, and \u2018throws\u2019.\u00a0 The throws are usually beaded necklaces, doubloons, and other<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":38,"featured_media":2249,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8,9,6,4,10,11],"tags":[],"division":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-2248","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-cement","8":"category-coal","9":"category-elemental-geochemical-analysis","10":"category-exploration","11":"category-mineral-processing","12":"category-portable-xrf","13":"entry"},"_selected_authors":"","_selected_reviewers":"","acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- 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