General Description

• Moxifloxacin hydrochloride is a fourth-generation synthetic fluoroquinolone compound with antibacterial activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria

• It also shows an inhibitory activity against topoisomerase II

• Moxifloxacin hydrochloride can bind to and inhibit both bacterial enzymes DNA gyrase (topoisomerase II) and topoisomerase IV, resulting in DNA replication and repair inhibition thus induce cell death in sensitive bacterial species

• Moxifloxacin has 100 times higher affinity for bacterial DNA gyrase compared to mammalian DNA gyrase

Applications

• Moxifloxacin hydrochloride presents a higher anti-gram-positive activity compared to other fluoroquinolone such as ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin

• It has immunosuppressive activity that inhibits the proliferation of all classes of lymphocytes, which can induce apoptosis of antigen-presenting T cells

• It is a cytostatic anthracenedione that can intercalate DNA, increasing the occurence of double-strand breaks by stabilizing the cleavable complex of topoisomerase II and DNA

• This compound shows anticancer activity in some animal models presenting leukemia

• Moxifloxacin is being investigated for the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis strains