One-pot synthesis of α-methylene-γ-butyrolactones from benzaldehydes and bromomethylacrylates. Bis-(cyclopentadienyl)-titanium dichloride alkylaluminum complexls acts as catalysts for the polymerization of ethylene. Polyethylene prepared with these catalysts. Complexes of aluminum chloride and methylaluminum dichloride with bis-(cyclopentadienyl)-titanium dichloride as catalysts for the polymerization of ethylene.
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Applications
One-pot synthesis of α-methylene-γ-butyrolactones from benzaldehydes and bromomethylacrylates. Bis-(cyclopentadienyl)-titanium dichloride alkylaluminum complexls acts as catalysts for the polymerization of ethylene. Polyethylene prepared with these catalysts. Complexes of aluminum chloride and methylaluminum dichloride with bis-(cyclopentadienyl)-titanium dichloride as catalysts for the polymerization of ethylene.
Solubility
Slightly soluble in water
Notes
Store in cool place. Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Store away from strong oxidizing agents, moisture, water, air.
RUO – Research Use Only
General References:
- Wendell P. Long,; David S. Breslow. Polymerization of Ethylene with Bis-(cyclopentadienyl)-titanium Dichloride and Diethylaluminum Chloride. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1960, 82 (8), 1953-1957.
- Wendell P. Long. Complexes of Aluminum Chloride and Methylaluminum Dichloride with Bis-(cyclopentadienyl)-titanium Dichloride as Catalysts for the Polymerization of Ethylene . J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1959, 81 (20),5312-5316.
- In combination with trimethyaluminum, generates an ylide (Tebbe reagent): J. Am. Chem. Soc., 100, 3611 (1978), which transfers a methylene group not only to aldehydes and ketones (cf Wittig reaction) but also to the carbonyl groups of esters and lactones: J. Am. Chem. Soc., 102, 3270 (1980):
- A similar reagent can be prepared by reaction with the Simmons-Smith adduct (see Diiodomethane, A15457) and used for the methylenation of ketones in excellent yields: Tetrahedron Lett., 24, 2043 (1983).
- Reacts with Grignard reagents with a ß-hydrogen atom (e.g. isobutyl or isopropyl) to form, in a catalytic cycle, a titanium hydride species, which reduces aldehydes, ketones and esters to alcohols: Tetrahedron Lett., 21, 2171, 2175 (1980). The same combination effects regioselective cis-hydromagnesation of alkynes to give alkenyl Grignard reagents: Tetrahedron Lett., 22, 85 (1981); J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 718 (1981). For application in a highly stereospecific synthesis of vinylsilanes in excellent yields, see: Tetrahedron Lett., 24, 1041 (1983):
- For further examples of the hydroxymagnesation of alkynes, see: Org. Synth. Coll., 8, 507 (1993). Similarly π-allyl complexes with 1,3-dienes can be generated, which react regio-and stereo-selectively with aldehydes to give homoallylic alcohols: J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 621 (1984):
- For use, in combination with Mg metal, in formation of titanocycle intermediates, see: J. Org. Chem., 63, 9285 (1998); for reaction scheme, see Triphosgene, A14932.