A stress surveillance system based on calcium and nitric oxide in marine diatoms.
AuthorsVardi A, Formiggini F, Casotti R, De Martino A, Ribalet F, Miralto A, Bowler C
JournalPLoS Biol
PubMed ID16475869
'Diatoms are an important group of eukaryotic phytoplankton, responsible for about 20% of global primary productivity. Study of the functional role of chemical signaling within phytoplankton assemblages is still in its infancy although recent reports in diatoms suggest the existence of chemical-based defense strategies. Here, we demonstrate how the accurate ... More
Nitric oxide-dependent mitochondrial biogenesis generates Ca2+ signaling profile of lupus T cells.
AuthorsNagy G, Barcza M, Gonchoroff N, Phillips PE, Perl A
JournalJ Immunol
PubMed ID15356113
'Abnormal T cell activation and cell death underlie the pathology of systemic lupus erythematosus. Although mitochondrial hyperpolarization (MHP) represents an early and reversible checkpoint of T cell activation and apoptosis, lupus T cells exhibit persistent MHP. NO has recently been recognized as a key signal of mitochondrial biogenesis and mediator ... More
Perfusate composition influences nitric oxide homeostasis in rat juxtamedullary afferent arterioles.
AuthorsPittner J, Wolgast M, Persson AE
JournalActa Physiol Scand
PubMed ID12940942
'AIM: Vascular diameters in isolated juxtamedullary nephron preparations perfused with cell-free solutions differ from those perfused with blood. In the present study, the effects of the albumin content of the perfusate on the afferent arteriolar diameter and endothelial nitric oxide were investigated in the isolated juxtamedullary nephron preparation perfused with ... More
Mitochondrial nitric oxide synthase is not eNOS, nNOS or iNOS.
AuthorsLacza Z, Snipes JA, Zhang J, Horváth EM, Figueroa JP, Szabó C, Busija DW
JournalFree Radic Biol Med
PubMed ID14607521
'Recent studies indicated that there is a distinct mitochondrial nitric oxide synthase (mtNOS) enzyme, which may be identical to the other known NOS isoforms. We investigated the possible involvement of the endothelial, the neuronal, and the inducible NOS isoforms (eNOS, nNOS, iNOS, respectively) in mitochondrial NO production. Mouse liver mitochondria ... More
Nitric oxide does not trigger early programmed cell death events but may contribute to cell-to-cell signaling governing progression of the Arabidopsis hypersensitive response.
AuthorsZhang C, Czymmek KJ, Shapiro AD
JournalMol Plant Microbe Interact
PubMed ID14601664
'Nitric oxide (NO) has been suggested to play a role in the hypersensitive response (HR). Single- and double-label fluorescence microscopy experiments were conducted using Arabidopsis leaves infected with Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 carrying either avrB or avrRpt2. Kinetics of NO production were followed by measurement of green 4-amino-5-methylamino-2'',7''-difluorofluorescein (DAF-FM) ... More
Measuring nitric oxide in single neurons by capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence: use of ascorbate oxidase in diaminofluorescein measurements.
AuthorsKim WS, Ye X, Rubakhin SS, Sweedler JV
JournalAnal Chem
PubMed ID16536421
'As a family of novel fluorescent indicators for nitric oxide (NO), the diaminofluoresceins (DAFs) have allowed real-time measurement of neuronal NO, an important gaseous neurotransmitter. However, the measurement of NO by the most commonly used NO sensor, 4,5-diaminofluorescein (DAF-2), is altered by two processes: the interaction of DAF-2 with intracellular ... More
Multimodality imaging of nitric oxide and nitric oxide synthases.
AuthorsHong H, Sun J, Cai W,
JournalFree Radic Biol Med
PubMed ID19524664
'Nitric oxide (NO) and NO synthases (NOSs) are crucial factors in many pathophysiological processes such as inflammation, vascular/neurological function, and many types of cancer. Noninvasive imaging of NO or NOS can provide new insights in understanding these diseases and facilitate the development of novel therapeutic strategies. In this review, we ... More
Fluorescent Indicators for Imaging Nitric Oxide Production.
AuthorsKojima H, Urano Y, Kikuchi K, Higuchi T, Hirata Y, Nagano T
JournalAngew Chem Int Ed Engl
PubMed ID10556905
'The membrane-permeating indicator DAF-FM DA is transformed by intracellular esterases into the highly water-soluble dye DAF-FM, which traps NO produced by NO synthase (NOS) to yield a highly fluorescent triazole compound in cells (see schematic diagram). Monitoring with a fluorescence microscope should allow direct identification of intracellular production and location ... More
What is the real physiological NO concentration in vivo?
AuthorsHall CN, Garthwaite J,
JournalNitric Oxide
PubMed ID19602444
'Clarity about the nitric oxide (NO) concentrations existing physiologically is essential for developing a quantitative understanding of NO signalling, for performing experiments with NO that emulate reality, and for knowing whether or not NO concentrations become abnormal in disease states. A decade ago, a value of about 1 microM seemed ... More
Regulation of beta cell glucokinase by S-nitrosylation and association with nitric oxide synthase.
AuthorsRizzo MA, Piston DW
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID12707306
'Glucokinase (GK) activity plays a key role in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells. Insulin regulates GK activity by modulating its association with secretory granules, although little is known about the mechanisms involved in regulating this association. Using quantitative imaging of multicolor fluorescent proteins fused to GK, we found ... More
Fluorescent probes to investigate nitric oxide and other reactive nitrogen species in biology (truncated form: fluorescent probes of reactive nitrogen species).
AuthorsMcQuade LE, Lippard SJ,
JournalCurr Opin Chem Biol
PubMed ID19926519
'Reactive nitrogen species (RNS), such as nitric oxide and its higher oxides, play important roles in cell signaling during many physiological and pathological events. Elucidation of the exact functions of these important biomolecules has been hampered by the inability to detect RNS reliably under biological conditions. A surge of research ... More
Methods for detection of reactive metabolites of oxygen and nitrogen: in vitro and in vivo considerations.
AuthorsTarpey MM, Wink DA, Grisham MB
JournalAm J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol
PubMed ID14761864
Facile detection of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in biologic systems is often problematic. This is a result of the numerous cellular mechanisms, both enzymatic and nonenzymatic involved in their catabolism/decomposition, the complex and overlapping nature of their reactivities, as well as the often limited intracellular access of detector systems. ... More
On the specificity of 4-amino-5-methylamino-2',7'-difluorofluorescein as a probe for nitric oxide.
AuthorsBalcerczyk A, Soszynski M, Bartosz G
JournalFree Radic Biol Med
PubMed ID15993331
The specificity of 4-amino-5-methylamino-2',7'-difluorofluorescein (DAF-FM) for nitric oxide was evaluated in in vitro systems. The probe was found fairly specific for nitric oxide. Potential sources of artifacts include the autoxidation of DAF-FM, potentiated by light, and its oxidation by sources of superoxide and peroxyl radicals, leading to fluorescence spectra indistinguishable ... More
On the use of fluorescence probes for detecting reactive oxygen and nitrogen species associated with photodynamic therapy.
AuthorsPrice M, Kessel D,
JournalJ Biomed Opt
PubMed ID21054079
Fluorescent probes are frequently employed for the detection of different reactive oxygen and nitrogen species formed during the irradiation of photosensitized cells and tissues. Investigators often interpret the results in terms of information provided with the different probes without examining specificity or determinants of fluorogenic reactions. We examine five fluorescent ... More
Fluorescent and luminescent probes for measurement of oxidative and nitrosative species in cells and tissues: progress, pitfalls, and prospects.
AuthorsWardman P,
JournalFree Radic Biol Med
PubMed ID17761297
Chemical probes for free radicals in biology are important tools; fluorescence and chemiluminescence offer high detection sensitivity. This article reviews progress in the development of probes for "reactive oxygen and nitrogen" species, emphasizing the caution needed in their use. Reactive species include hydrogen peroxide; hydroxyl, superoxide, and thiyl radicals; carbonate ... More
Involvement of nitric oxide synthase in sucrose-enhanced hydrogen peroxide tolerance of Rhodococcus sp. strain APG1, a plant-colonizing bacterium.
AuthorsCohen MF, Yamasaki H
JournalNitric Oxide
PubMed ID14559426
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) tolerance of Rhodococcus sp. strain APG1, previously isolated from the aquatic fern Azolla pinnata, was examined in relation to nitric oxide (NO) production by cells cultured on a variety of C sources. Cells inoculated onto A. pinnata fronds established a surface-sterilant resistant density of 2-4x10(7) cells g(-1) ... More
Assessment of S-nitrosothiols on diaminofluorescein gels.
AuthorsKing M, Gildemeister O, Gaston B, Mannick JB
JournalAnal Biochem
PubMed ID16185646
S-Nitrosylation is the modification of a cysteine thiol on a protein or peptide by a nitric oxide (NO) group. Increasing evidence suggests that S-nitrosylation of critical cysteine residues regulates protein function and cell signaling. However, progress in the field has been hampered by a lack of accurate and easy methods ... More
Determination and bioimaging method for nitric oxide in biological specimens by diaminofluorescein fluorometry.
AuthorsItoh Y, Ma FH, Hoshi H, Oka M, Noda K, Ukai Y, Kojima H, Nagano T, Toda N
JournalAnal Biochem
PubMed ID11112265
A simple and sensitive assay and a cellular bioimaging method for nitric oxide (NO) were developed using a novel diaminofluorescein DAF-FM and its diacetate. DAF-FM is converted via an NO-specific mechanism to an intensely fluorescent triazole derivative. For the measurement of NO, the triazole derivative of DAF-FM was determined by ... More
Synthesis of nitric oxide in postganglionic myenteric neurons during endotoxemia: implications for gastric motor function in rats.
AuthorsQuintana E, Hernández C, Alvarez-Barrientos A, Esplugues JV, Barrachina MD
JournalFASEB J
PubMed ID14715697
We have investigated the mechanisms underlying acute changes in gastric motor function triggered by endotoxemia. In fundal strips from rats pre-treated with endotoxin (40 microg/kg, i.p. 30 min), mechanical activity was analyzed and the source of nitric oxide (NO) was visualized by confocal microscopy of tissue loaded with the fluorescent ... More
Tetrahydrobiopterin, a critical factor in the production and role of nitric oxide in mast cells.
AuthorsGilchrist M, Hesslinger C, Befus AD
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID14514683
Mast cells (MC) are biologically potent, ubiquitously distributed immune cells with fundamental roles in host integrity and disease. MC diversity and function is regulated by exogenous nitric oxide; however, the production and function of endogenously produced NO in MC is enigmatic. We used rat peritoneal MC (PMC) as an in ... More
Effects of interferon beta on transcobalamin II-receptor expression and antitumor activity of nitrosylcobalamin.
AuthorsBauer JA, Morrison BH, Grane RW, Jacobs BS, Dabney S, Gamero AM, Carnevale KA, Smith DJ, Drazba J, Seetharam B, Lindner DJ
JournalJ Natl Cancer Inst
PubMed ID12096086
BACKGROUND: The ubiquitous plasma membrane transcobalamin II receptor (TC II-R) mediates uptake of cobalamin (Cbl; vitamin B12), an essential micronutrient. Tumors often require more Cbl than normal tissue, and increased Cbl uptake may result from increased TC II-R expression. To examine whether Cbl could therefore be used as a carrier ... More
Role of NO in endothelin-regulated drug transport in the renal proximal tubule.
AuthorsNotenboom S, Miller DS, Smits P, Russel FG, Masereeuw R
JournalAm J Physiol Renal Physiol
PubMed ID11832426
We previously demonstrated in intact killifish renal proximal tubules that endothelin (ET), acting through an ET(B) receptor and protein kinase C (PKC), reduced transport mediated by multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (Mrp2), i.e., luminal accumulation of fluorescein methotrexate (FL-MTX) (Masereeuw R, Terlouw SA, Van Aubel RAMH, Russel FGM, and Miller DS. ... More
A calcium-induced calcium influx factor, nitric oxide, modulates the refilling of calcium stores in astrocytes.
AuthorsLi N, Sul JY, Haydon PG
JournalJ Neurosci
PubMed ID14614089
The roles of nitric oxide are primarily undefined in astrocytes, cells that are active partners in synaptic transmission. Because nitric oxide synthases are present in astrocytes, we imaged the formation of nitric oxide in cultured murine cortical astrocytes using DAF-FM (4-amino-5-methylamino-2',7'-difluorofluorescein diacetate). We demonstrated that physiological concentrations of ATP induced ... More
Triiodothyronine Potentiates Vasorelaxation via PKG/VASP Signaling in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells.