'None of the anterograde tracers used to label and investigate vagal preganglionic neurons projecting to the viscera has proved optimal for routine and extensive labeling of autonomic terminal fields. To identify an alternative tracer protocol, the present experiment evaluated whether dextran conjugates, which have produced superior results in the CNS, ... More
Astrocytes and microglial cells incorporate degenerating fibers following entorhinal lesion: a light, confocal, and electron microscopical study using a phagocytosis-dependent labeling technique.
AuthorsBechmann I, Nitsch R
JournalGlia
PubMed ID9179599
'Entorhinal lesion leads to anterograde degeneration of perforant path fibers in their main termination zone in the outer molecular layers of the dentate gyrus. Concomitantly, astrocytes become hypertrophic, and microglial cells alter their phenotype, suggesting participation in anterograde degeneration. This study analyzes the involvement of these lesion-induced activated glial cells ... More
Tracing of the entorhinal-hippocampal pathway in vitro.
AuthorsKluge A, Hailer NP, Horvath TL, Bechmann I, Nitsch R
JournalHippocampus
PubMed ID9519887
'In vitro tract tracing allowing for continuous observation of the perforant path is a crucial prerequisite for experimental studies on the entorhinal-hippocampal interaction in an organotypic slice culture containing the entorhinal cortex, the perforant path, and the dentate gyrus (OEHSC). We prepared horizontal slices of the temporal entorhinal-hippocampal region of ... More
Persistent neuronal labeling by retrograde fluorescent tracers: a comparison between Fast Blue, Fluoro-Gold and various dextran conjugates.
AuthorsNovikova L, Novikov L, Kellerth JO
JournalJ Neurosci Methods
PubMed ID9210570
'The permanence of retrograde neuronal labeling by the fluorescent tracers Fast Blue, Fluoro-Gold, Mini-Ruby, Fluoro-Ruby and Fluoro-Emerald was investigated in adult rat spinal motorneurons at 1, 4, 12 and 24 weeks after tracer application to a transected muscle nerve. After 1 week, the largest number of retrogradely labeled motoneurons was ... More
The use of Lucifer Yellow and Mini-Ruby for intracellular staining in fixed brain tissue: methodological considerations evaluated in rat and human autopsy brains.
AuthorsOhm TG, Diekmann S
JournalJ Neurosci Methods
PubMed ID7534362
The quality of intracellular filling of Mini-Ruby (MR) is comparable to that of Lucifer Yellow (LY) in both perfusion-fixed rat and immersion-fixed autopsy human tissue. In adult human brain, the use of MR avoids the co-conversion of the typical intracellular lipofuscin deposits as is invariably the case during the photoconversion ... More
Fireworks in the primate retina: in vitro photodynamics reveals diverse LGN-projecting ganglion cell types.
Diverse cell types and parallel pathways are characteristic of the vertebrate nervous system, yet it remains a challenge to define the basic components of most neural structures. We describe a process termed retrograde photodynamics that allowed us to rapidly make the link between morphology, physiology, and connectivity for ganglion cells ... More
The nodal pathway acts upstream of hedgehog signaling to specify ventral telencephalic identity.
AuthorsRohr KB, Barth KA, Varga ZM, Wilson SW
JournalNeuron
PubMed ID11239427
The Nodal and Hedgehog signaling pathways influence dorsoventral patterning at all axial levels of the CNS, but it remains largely unclear how these pathways interact to mediate patterning. Here we show that, in zebrafish, Nodal signaling is required for induction of the homeobox genes nk2.1a in the ventral diencephalon and ... More
Associational sprouting in the mouse fascia dentata after entorhinal lesion in vitro.
AuthorsPrang P, Del Turco D, Deller T
JournalBrain Res
PubMed ID12834915
Collateral sprouting is a form of neuronal plasticity observed in brain following injury. In order to establish an in vitro model of collateral sprouting, entorhino-hippocampal slice cultures were prepared from brain of C57BL/6 mouse pups (P1-4) and incubated for 14-16 days in vitro. Thereafter, entorhino-hippocampal fibers were cut and the ... More
Direct synaptic connections of axons from superior colliculus with identified thalamo-amygdaloid projection neurons in the rat: possible substrates of a subcortical visual pathway to the amygdala.
AuthorsLinke R, De Lima AD, Schwegler H, Pape HC
JournalJ Comp Neurol
PubMed ID9886041
The aim of the present study was to identify synaptic contacts from axons originating in the superior colliculus with thalamic neurons projecting to the lateral nucleus of the amygdala. Axons from the superior colliculus were traced with the anterograde tracers Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin or the biotinylated and fluorescent dextran amine ... More
Intracellular filling in fixed brain slices using Miniruby, a fluorescent biocytin compound.
AuthorsLiu WL, Behbehani MM, Shipley MT
JournalBrain Res
PubMed ID7684310
Biocytin is useful for intracellular filling in living slices because it is soluble, has high electrophoretic mobility and a high affinity for avidin. In fixed slices, however, membrane potential cannot be used to signify that a cell is impaled. Thus, it is necessary to inject a fluorescent molecule so that ... More
Differential projection patterns of superior and inferior collicular neurons onto posterior paralaminar nuclei of the thalamus surrounding the medial geniculate body in the rat.
AuthorsLinke R
JournalEur J Neurosci
PubMed ID9987023
The thalamic nuclei at the medial border of the medial geniculate body (i.e. the suprageniculate nucleus, the medial division of the medial geniculate nucleus, the posterior intralaminar nucleus and the peripeduncular nucleus) which relay sensory information to the amygdala are thought to receive convergent input from multiple sites. In order ... More
Efficacy of seven retrograde tracers, compared in multiple-labelling studies of feline motoneurones.
AuthorsRichmond FJ, Gladdy R, Creasy JL, Kitamura S, Smits E, Thomson DB
JournalJ Neurosci Methods
PubMed ID7527476
The labelling efficacies of 7 retrograde tracers were evaluated following cut nerve exposure or intramuscular injection into the serially compartmentalized neck muscle, biventer cervicis. Tested tracers included Fast Blue (FB), Fluorogold (FG), dextran conjugated to fluorescein (FD), dextran conjugated to rhodamine (Fluororuby (FR), 3000 and 10,000 MW), fluorescent latex microspheres, ... More
Mfsd2a is critical for the formation and function of the blood-brain barrier.