Vogesella mureinivorans sp. nov., a peptidoglycan-degrading bacterium from lake water.
AuthorsJørgensen NO, Brandt KK, Nybroe O, Hansen M,
JournalInt J Syst Evol Microbiol
PubMed ID19946047
'A novel, non-pigmented, rod-shaped, Gram-negative strain was isolated from mesotrophic lake water in Zealand, Denmark. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence of the bacterium, designated strain 389(T), indicated that the strain belonged to the genus Vogesella and formed a monophyletic group with Vogesella perlucida DS-28(T) (99.1?% nucleotide similarity); ... More
Structure-function analysis of HsiF, a gp25-like component of the type VI secretion system, in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AuthorsLossi NS, Dajani R, Freemont P, Filloux A,
JournalMicrobiology
PubMed ID21873404
'Bacterial pathogens use a range of protein secretion systems to colonize their host. One recent addition to this arsenal is the type VI secretion system (T6SS), which is found in many Gram-negative bacteria. The T6SS involves 12-15 components, including a ClpV-like AAA(+) ATPase. Moreover, the VgrG and Hcp components have ... More
Mechanisms of systemic vasodilation by lysozyme-c in septic shock.
In septic shock (SS), cardiovascular collapse is caused by the release of inflammatory mediators. We previously found that lysozyme-c (Lzm-S), released from leukocytes, contributed to systemic vasodilation in a canine model of SS. We then delineated the pathway by which this occurs in a canine carotid artery organ bath preparation ... More
Mutations of the Listeria monocytogenes peptidoglycan N-deacetylase and O-acetylase result in enhanced lysozyme sensitivity, bacteriolysis, and hyperinduction of innate immune pathways.
AuthorsRae CS, Geissler A, Adamson PC, Portnoy DA,
JournalInfect Immun
PubMed ID21768286
Listeria monocytogenes is a Gram-positive intracellular pathogen that is naturally resistant to lysozyme. Recently, it was shown that peptidoglycan modification by N-deacetylation or O-acetylation confers resistance to lysozyme in various Gram-positive bacteria, including L. monocytogenes. L. monocytogenes peptidoglycan is deacetylated by the action of N-acetylglucosamine deacetylase (Pgd) and acetylated by ... More
Alcohol use disorders affect antimicrobial proteins and anti-pneumococcal activity in epithelial lining fluid obtained via bronchoalveolar lavage.
AuthorsBurnham EL, Gaydos J, Hess E, House R, Cooper J,
JournalAlcohol Alcohol
PubMed ID20729531
Our overall objective was to examine whether characteristics of epithelial lining fluid (ELF) from subjects with alcohol use disorders (AUDs) obtained via bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) contribute to their predisposition to pneumococcal pneumonia. We sought to compare the anti-pneumococcal activity of acellular human BAL from subjects with AUDs to matched controls. ... More
The influence of vitamin E on immune function and response to vaccination in older horses.
AuthorsPetersson KH, Burr DB, Gomez-Chiarri M, Petersson-Wolfe CS,
JournalJ Anim Sci
PubMed ID20495123
Horses have an increased susceptibility to infection because of a decline in immune function with advancing age. Vitamin E has been found to play a key role in normal immune system function. The purpose of the study was to examine the effect of vitamin E supplementation on immune function and ... More
Identification and assessment of plasma lysozyme as a putative biomarker of atherosclerosis.
To identify a plasma biomarker of atheromatous disease. Surface-enhanced laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry was used to identify possible plasma protein biomarkers of atheromatous disease in patients presenting with chronic stable angina pectoris by comparing those with 3-vessel disease with those without any evidence of coronary artery disease. The level ... More
Delftia lacustris sp. nov., a peptidoglycan-degrading bacterium from fresh water, and emended description of Delftia tsuruhatensis as a peptidoglycan-degrading bacterium.
AuthorsJørgensen NO, Brandt KK, Nybroe O, Hansen M,
JournalInt J Syst Evol Microbiol
PubMed ID19605727
Extracellular peptidoglycan is commonly found in natural environments, yet little is known about its biodegradation in nature. We here describe a novel peptidoglycan-degrading bacterium, designated strain 332T, isolated from mesotrophic lake water in Denmark. The strain was a Gram-negative-staining, motile rod. It had chitinase and lysozyme activities, which are relevant ... More
O-glycosylation as a novel control mechanism of peptidoglycan hydrolase activity.
AuthorsRolain T, Bernard E, Beaussart A, Degand H, Courtin P, Egge-Jacobsen W, Bron PA, Morsomme P, Kleerebezem M, Chapot-Chartier MP, Dufrêne YF, Hols P,
Journal
PubMed ID23760506
Acm2, the major autolysin of Lactobacillus plantarum, is a tripartite protein. Its catalytic domain is surrounded by an O-glycosylated N-terminal region rich in Ala, Ser, and Thr (AST domain), which is of low complexity and unknown function, and a C-terminal region composed of five SH3b peptidoglycan (PG) binding domains. Here, ... More
High-throughput screening of single-chain antibodies using multiplexed flow cytometry.
AuthorsAyriss J, Woods T, Bradbury A, Pavlik P,
JournalJ Proteome Res
PubMed ID17330944
We have developed a screening method that has the potential to streamline the high-throughput analysis of affinity reagents for proteomic projects. By using multiplexed flow cytometry, we can simultaneously determine the relative expression levels, the identification of nonspecific binding, and the discrimination of fine specificities to generate a complete functional ... More
The biodegradability of electrospun Dextran/PLGA scaffold in a fibroblast/macrophage co-culture.
AuthorsPan H, Jiang H, Chen W,
JournalBiomaterials
PubMed ID18192003
Fibroblast and macrophage are 2 dominant cell types respond cooperatively to degrade implanted biomaterials. Using an electrospun Dextran/Poly-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) scaffold as a model, an in vitro fibroblast/macrophage co-culture system was developed to investigate the degradability of implantable biodegradable materials. SEM showed that both fibroblasts and macrophages were able to degrade ... More