Complement C1q is dramatically up-regulated in brain microglia in response to transient global cerebral ischemia.
AuthorsSchäfer MK, Schwaeble WJ, Post C, Salvati P, Calabresi M, Sim RB, Petry F, Loos M, Weihe E
JournalJ Immunol
PubMed ID10799911
'Recent evidence suggests that the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative and inflammatory neurological diseases has a neuroimmunological component involving complement, an innate humoral immune defense system. The present study demonstrates the effects of experimentally induced global ischemia on the biosynthesis of C1q, the recognition subcomponent of the classical complement activation pathway, in ... More
Simultaneous red/green dual fluorescence detection on electroblots using BODIPY TR-X succinimidyl ester and ELF 39 phosphate.
AuthorsMartin K, Hart C, Schulenberg B, Jones L, Patton WF
JournalProteomics
PubMed ID11987124
'A two-color fluorescence detection method is described based upon covalently coupling the succinimidyl ester of BODIPY TR-X dye to proteins immobilized on polyvinylidene difluoride membranes, followed by detection of target proteins using the fluorogenic, precipitating substrate ELF 39-phosphate in combination with alkaline phosphatase conjugated reporter molecules. This results in all ... More
Binding of the isolectin I-B4 from Griffonia simplicifolia to the general visceral afferents in the vagus nerve: a light- and electron-microscope study in the rat.
AuthorsLi H, Nomura S, Mizuno N
JournalNeurosci Lett
PubMed ID9121722
'Prominent binding to the isolectin I-B4 from Griffonia simplicifolia (I-B4) was observed not only in the terminal area of general somatic afferents (lamina II of the medullary and the spinal dorsal horns), but also in the terminal area of the general visceral afferents (nucleus of the solitary tract, NST). The ... More
Man, apes, and Old World monkeys differ from other mammals in the expression of alpha-galactosyl epitopes on nucleated cells.
AuthorsGalili U, Shohet SB, Kobrin E, Stults CL, Macher BA
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID2460463
'The study of the expression of alpha-galactosyl epitopes on various mammalian cells is of particular interest, since as much as 1% of circulating IgG antibodies in humans interact with this carbohydrate residue. This natural antibody, designated "anti-Gal," was previously found to bind to terminal Gal alpha 1----3Gal beta 1----4GlcNAc-R on ... More
Enzymatic removal of alpha-galactosyl epitopes from porcine endothelial cells diminishes the cytotoxic effect of natural antibodies.
AuthorsLaVecchio JA, Dunne AD, Edge AS
JournalTransplantation
PubMed ID7482745
'Xenotransplantation of tissues between discordant species such as pig into human is not yet feasible due to the problem of hyperacute rejection. This rapid response to xenogeneic tissue is mediated by natural antibodies that react with antigens on the xenograft. A number of xenoantigens consist of carbohydrate residues, and a ... More
Frontal affinity chromatography-mass spectrometry assay technology for multiple stages of drug discovery: applications of a chromatographic biosensor.
AuthorsChan NW, Lewis DF, Rosner PJ, Kelly MA, Schriemer DC
JournalAnal Biochem
PubMed ID12842101
'This article presents new concepts in affinity chromatography/mass spectrometry for the study of molecular interactions. Chromatographic assays involving estrogen receptor-beta, sorbitol dehydrogenase, human alpha-thrombin, cholera toxin B subunit, beta-galactosidase, and Griffonia simplicifolia isolectin B(4) were established in microaffinity columns and operated in frontal analysis mode. Methods and formalism are presented ... More
Localization of unmyelinated axons in rat skin and mucocutaneous tissue utilizing the isolectin GS-I-B4.
AuthorsPetruska JC, Streit WJ, Johnson RD
JournalSomatosens Mot Res
PubMed ID9241725
'The alpha-D-galactose specific isolectin I-B4 from Griffonia simplicifolia (GS-I-B4) labels CNS microglia and certain peripheral neurons, including a subpopulation of small dark, type B dorsal root ganglion cells, some post-ganglionic sympathetic axons, and nearly all peripheral gustatory axons. The innervation patterns of GS-I-B4 reactive sensory ganglion cells are unknown for ... More
Differential expression of the mRNA for the vanilloid receptor subtype 1 in cells of the adult rat dorsal root and nodose ganglia and its downregulation by axotomy.
AuthorsMichael GJ, Priestley JV
JournalJ Neurosci
PubMed ID10024368
'Sensitivity to the pungent vanilloid, capsaicin, defines a subpopulation of primary sensory neurons that are mainly polymodal nociceptors. The recently cloned vanilloid receptor subtype 1 (VR1) is activated by capsaicin and noxious heat. Using combined in situ hybridization and histochemical methods, we have characterized in sensory ganglia the expression of ... More
Five alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-binding isolectins from Bandeiraea simplicifolia seeds.
AuthorsMurphy LA, Goldstein IJ
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID68957
'The alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-binding lectin previously purified from Bandeiraea simplicifolia seeds (Hayes, C.H., and Goldstein, I.J. (1974) J. Biol. Chem. 249, 1904) is shown to consist of five isolectins separable on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis at pH 9.5. The isolectins are tetrameric structures composed of various combinations of two different glycoprotein subunits designated ... More
Characterization of the primary spinal afferent innervation of the mouse colon using retrograde labelling.
AuthorsRobinson DR, McNaughton PA, Evans ML, Hicks GA
JournalNeurogastroenterol Motil
PubMed ID14764211
'Visceral pain is the most common form of pain produced by disease and is thus of interest in the study of gastrointestinal (GI) complaints such as irritable bowel syndrome, in which sensory signals perceived as GI pain travel in extrinsic afferent neurones with cell bodies in the dorsal root ganglia ... More
Immunocytochemical identification of myoepithelial cells in normal and neoplastic rat mammary glands with the lectins Griffonia simplicifolia-1 and pokeweed mitogen.
AuthorsHughes CM, Rudland PS
JournalJ Histochem Cytochem
PubMed ID2170504
'Peroxidase-conjugated Griffonia simplicifolia-1 (GS-1) and pokeweed mitogen (PWM) histochemically stain only the myoepithelial cells and not the epithelial or fibroblastic cells of rat mammary glands preserved in methacarn or glutaraldehyde and embedded in paraffin. This pattern of staining occurs in other rat exocrine glands except the pancreas, but is the ... More
Control of metastatic properties of BL6 melanoma cells by H-2Kb gene: immunological and nonimmunological mechanisms.
AuthorsGorelik E, Kim M, Duty L, Henion T, Galili U
JournalClin Exp Metastasis
PubMed ID8222393
'The effect of class I H-2 antigen expression on the metastatic properties of BL6 melanoma cells was investigated. The BL6-8 clone isolated from the highly metastatic BL6 melanoma did not express H-2Kb gene. Following transfection with the H-2Kb gene, BL6-8 cells displayed a low metastatic potential in the immunocompetent as ... More
Comparison of the binding properties of the mushroom Marasmius oreades lectin and Griffonia simplicifolia I-B isolectin to alphagalactosyl carbohydrate antigens in the surface phase.
AuthorsKirkeby S, Winter HC, Goldstein IJ
JournalXenotransplantation
PubMed ID15099205
'The binding of two alpha-galactophilic lectins, Marasmius oreades agglutinin (MOA), and Griffonia simplicifolia I isolectin B(4) (GS I-B(4)) to neoglycoproteins and natural glycoproteins were compared in a surface phase assay. Neoglycoproteins carrying various alpha-galactosylated glycans and laminin from basement membrane of mouse sarcoma that contains the xenogenic Galalpha1-3Gal1-4GlcNAc epitope were ... More
Immunocytochemical demonstration of astrocytes and microglia in the whale brain.
AuthorsPritz-Hohmeier S, Härtig W, Behrmann G, Reichenbach A
JournalNeurosci Lett
PubMed ID8177530
'Whale brains have attracted the attention of neuroscientists but there are only sparse studies on whale glial cells. Here we report on immunolabeling of astrocytes by antibodies to glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) or protein S-100 beta (both by the streptavidin/biotin technique), and labeling of microglial cells by Griffonia simplicifolia ... More
Cell surface alpha-D-galactopyranosyl end groups: use as markers in the isolation of murine tumor cell lines with different cancer-causing potentials.
AuthorsVarani J, Lovett EJ, Wicha M, Malinoff H, McCoy JP
JournalJ Natl Cancer Inst
PubMed ID6361351
'Cell lines from 2 3-methylcholanthrene-induced murine tumors were established in culture and examined for reactivity with Griffonia simplicifolia isolectin B4 (GS I-B4), a lectin that has strict specificity for terminal alpha-D-galactopyranosyl residues. Virtually all of the cells in both populations were strongly reactive, indicating the presence of this carbohydrate on ... More
The bisphosphonate clodronate depletes microglial cells in excitotoxically injured organotypic hippocampal slice cultures.
AuthorsKohl A, Dehghani F, Korf HW, Hailer NP
JournalExp Neurol
PubMed ID12710928
'The bisphosphonate clodronate, clinically used in the treatment of osteoporosis, is known to deplete cells of the monocytic lineage. Using an in vitro model of excitotoxic damage in organotypic hippocampal slice cultures (OHSC), we investigated whether clodronate can also prevent microglial activation that occurs in CNS pathologies. Lesioning of OHSC ... More
Rapid loss of dorsal horn lectin binding after massive brachial plexus axotomy in young rats.
AuthorsSant'Anna-da-Costa E, Carvalho SL, Mendez-Otero R, Cavalcante LA
JournalArch Histol Cytol
PubMed ID10495879
'Lectins are proteins with binding affinities for specific sugars in complex glycoconjugates, some of which have been implicated in limiting synaptic plasticity or modulating nerve growth and guidance. We studied the expression of the glycoconjugate recognized by the isolectin B4 of Griffonia simplicifolia (Gs-IB4) in spinal dorsal horns after massive ... More
The earliest invasion of macrophages into the developing brain and eye of the tree shrew Tupaia belangeri.
AuthorsKnabe W, Kuhn H
JournalAnat Embryol (Berl)
PubMed ID10460476
'The earliest occurrence of macrophages was investigated in the brain and optic anlagen of the tree shrew Tupaia belangeri. Nineteen serially sectioned embryos, belonging to five phases of programmed neuroepithelial cell death previously found during optic cup formation, were used. Macrophages were identified by structural criteria and by labelling with ... More
The concurrent expression of Griffonia simplicifolia-IB4 binding and tumor necrosis factor-alpha differs between alveolar and peritoneal macrophages.
AuthorsTabor DR, Theus SA, Barnett JB, Tryka AF, Jacobs RF
JournalProc Soc Exp Biol Med
PubMed ID1539038
'As a corollary to their anatomic location, alveolar macrophages (AM) have a lower threshold for generating some physiologic functions than peritoneal macrophages (PM). In this study, we examined both of these populations for their ability to bind the lectin Griffonia simplicifolia-IB4 (GSIB4) and to produce tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha. The ... More
The microglial response to progressive hydrocephalus in a model of inherited aqueductal stenosis.
AuthorsMangano FT, McAllister JP, Jones HC, Johnson MJ, Kriebel RM
JournalNeurol Res
PubMed ID9864733
'Although gliosis has been reported to be a common and persistent feature in the white matter of hydrocephalic brains, no studies have identified the cell types that characterize this response. Therefore, the present study has employed histochemical methods to evaluate microglial cells in the brains of infant rats with inherited ... More
Isolation and partial characterization of Gal alpha-containing polyglycosylceramides from porcine tissues.
AuthorsLeonardsson I, Miller-Podraza H, Teneberg S, Breimer ME
JournalXenotransplantation
PubMed ID14962298
'Mammalian cell surface carbohydrate antigens are present both as glycoproteins and glycolipids. Of the glycolipids, polyglycosylceramides (PGC) have very long carbohydrate chains extending out from the cell surface. Hereto, Gal alpha-terminating xenoantigens in pig tissues have been identified in glycoproteins and short chain glycolipids but no studies of the complex ... More
A histochemical comparison of human corneal stromal glycoconjugates with eight other species. Distinct species-dictated differences in binding sites of Griffonia simplicifolia I.
AuthorsPanjwani N, Baum J
JournalHistochemistry
PubMed ID3366662
'Frozen sections of human, calf, rabbit, rat, cat, dog, goat, lamb, and hog corneas were stained with various lectins using an avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex to study glycoconjugates of stromal matrix. Staining of the stromal matrix and keratocytes with an alpha-galactose-specific lectin, Griffonia simplicifolia I (GSA-I) was species-dependent. The stromal matrices of ... More
Facile preparation of the alpha-Gal-recognizing Griffonia simplicifolia I-B4 isolectin.
AuthorsWinter HC, Goldstein IJ
JournalCarbohydr Res
PubMed ID14659682
'The B4 isolectin from Griffonia simplicifolia is of great utility as a reagent for the identification of alpha-D-galactopyranosyl end groups. Its separation from isolectins containing A subunits has been greatly improved by a simple, rapid procedure using a column of N-acetylgalactosamine coupled to vinyl sulfone-activated Sepharose 4B to selectively retain ... More
Lectin staining of sheep microglia.
AuthorsPennell NA, Hurley SD, Streit WJ
JournalHistochemistry
PubMed ID7535300
'The B4-isolectin from Griffonia simplicifolia is known to stain microglial cells in a variety of species. The present report describes a lectin staining method that has been modified to facilitate staining of resting microglia, as well as perivascular cells, in vibratome sections of normal sheep brain. This modified method employs ... More
Contribution of alpha-D-galactopyranosyl end groups to attachment of highly and low metastatic murine fibrosarcoma cells to various substrates.
AuthorsGrimstad IA, Varani J, McCoy JP
JournalExp Cell Res
PubMed ID6094221
'There are much greater numbers of cell surface terminal, non-reducing alpha-D-galactorpyranosyl groups in highly malignant (metastatic) cells than are found in low malignant cells derived from the same murine fibrosarcoma. We have examined the contribution of these residues to attachment of the cells to various collagens and to plastic. Removal ... More
Response of microglial cells to experimental rat glioma.
AuthorsMorioka T, Baba T, Black KL, Streit WJ
JournalGlia
PubMed ID1387388
'The response of indigenous CNS microglia to an experimentally induced glioma has been studied in rat brain using lectin histochemistry with the Griffonia simplicifolia B4-isolectin. The study was undertaken 2 weeks after tumor cell injection when tumor size was near maximal. Reactive microglial cells formed a dense band that surrounded ... More
The Griffonia simplicifolia I-B4 isolectin. A probe for alpha-D-galactosyl end groups.
AuthorsGoldstein IJ, Winter HG
JournalSubcell Biochem
PubMed ID10391994
The use of fluorescein-conjugated Bandeiraea simplicifolia B4-isolectin as a histochemical reagent for the detection of alpha-D-galactopyranosyl groups. Their occurrence in basement membranes.
AuthorsPeters BP, Goldstein IJ
JournalExp Cell Res
PubMed ID436961
Localization of the neurokinin 1 receptor on a subset of substance P-positive and isolectin B4-negative dorsal root ganglion neurons of the rat.
Authorsvon Banchet GS, Schaible HG
JournalNeurosci Lett
PubMed ID10548418
Dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons that express the neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptor were further characterized immunocytochemically using double-labeling techniques. DRG neurons were isolated from adult rats and cultured for 1-4 days. NK1 receptors on the surface of the neurons were labeled with substance P-gold. Non-peptidergic neurons were labeled with the ... More
Reduction of the Gal-alpha1,3-Gal epitope of mouse endothelial cells by transfection with the N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase III gene.
AuthorsChung TW, Kim KS, Kim CH
JournalMol Cells
PubMed ID14744028
In order to prevent hyperacute rejection in pig-to-human xenotransplantation, it would be very useful to be able to down-regulate the Gal alpha1-3 Galbeta 1-4 GlcNAc-R (alpha-Gal epitope) in mouse and swine tissues. When the beta-D-mannoside beta-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminyl-transferase III (GnT-III) gene was introduced into mouse aorta endothelial cells (MEC) their susceptibility to ... More
Antigenicity of porcine cornea as xenograft.
AuthorsAmano S, Shimomura N, Kaji Y, Ishii K, Yamagami S, Araie M
JournalCurr Eye Res
PubMed ID12868011
PURPOSE: To investigate the antigenicity of porcine corneal stroma as xenograft to man. METHODS: The localization of alpha-gal epitope in the porcine eye was determined using biotinylated Griffonia simplicifolia 1 isolectin B4. Porcine corneal stromal was inserted into corneal stromal pockets of cynomolgus monkeys. Immunohistochemistry was performed to analyze the ... More
Macrophages express cell surface laminin.
AuthorsWicha MS, Huard TK
JournalExp Cell Res
PubMed ID6339258
Laminin, a non-collagenous extracellular connective tissue glycoprotein, was detected on the surface of mouse peritoneal macrophages. As determined by indirect immunofluorescence, as many as 60% of peritoneal macrophages elicited with thioglycollate expressed cell surface laminin. Only 14% of resident cells displayed detectable laminin. The expression of laminin increased with time ... More
Expression of the 5-HT1B receptor by subtypes of rat trigeminal ganglion cells.
AuthorsWotherspoon G, Priestley JV
JournalNeuroscience
PubMed ID10658626
The type of trigeminal ganglion cells that express 5-HT1B receptors has not been well characterized, despite the fact that these receptors are important targets for anti-migraine drugs. We have therefore used combined in situ hybridization and immunofluorescence to examine the expression of 5-HT1B receptor messenger RNA in identified subpopulations of ... More
Variations in the distribution of sugar residues in the zona pellucida as possible species-specific determinants of mammalian oocytes.
AuthorsSkutelsky E, Ranen E, Shalgi R
JournalJ Reprod Fertil
PubMed ID8182608
The lectin-binding patterns of mammalian zonae pellucidae were investigated to determine whether differences reflected their characteristic carbohydrate distribution patterns. Ovaries isolated from rodents (mouse, rat and hamster), rabbits, cats, dogs and pigs were fixed with glutaraldehyde and embedded in paraffin wax. Sections 5 microns, were deparaffinized, rehydrated and labelled with ... More
Restricted expression of shiga toxin binding sites on mucosal epithelium of mouse distal colon.
AuthorsImai Y, Fukui T, Kurohane K, Miyamoto D, Suzuki Y, Ishikawa T, Ono Y, Miyake M
JournalInfect Immun
PubMed ID12540581
Shiga toxins (Stx) are some of the major virulence factors of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli strains such as serotype O157:H7. To explore how Stx might initially gain access to the bloodstream from sites of infection, frozen sections of mouse colon were immunohistochemically examined for binding sites for recombinant binding subunits (Stx1B). ... More
The monoclonal antibody HB1 recognizes an adhesion molecule for macrophages in the brain.
AuthorsBrown H, Townsend M, Fearn S, Perry VH
JournalJ Neurocytol
PubMed ID10659679
The brain environment exerts a powerful influence on macrophage phenotype, as exemplified by microglia, but the mechanisms mediating this control are nuclear. Since adhesion molecules are known to transmit signals across cell membranes, we investigated adhesion receptors involved in macrophage interaction with brain tissue. We have demonstrated previously that macrophages ... More
Experiments on the induction of antibody dependent macrophage-mediated cellular cytotoxicity in mixed brain cell cultures.
AuthorsKorn J
JournalActa Anat (Basel)
PubMed ID10457770
These examinations were based on the discussion whether in demyelinating diseases anti-lipid antibody associated with brain macrophages could have a cytotoxic effect on oligodendrocytes. We used mixed brain cell cultures of newborn rats where, among others, both oligodendrocytes and vacuolated macrophage-like cells were found. On these macrophage-like cells, the presence ... More
Increased galectin-3 expression in gastric cancer: correlations with histopathological subtypes, galactosylated antigens and tumor cell proliferation.
AuthorsBaldus SE, Zirbes TK, Weingarten M, Fromm S, Glossmann J, Hanisch FG, Mönig SP, Schröder W, Flucke U, Thiele J, Hölscher AH, Dienes HP
JournalTumour Biol
PubMed ID10940822
Galectin-3 represents an endogenous galactoside-binding lectin which may be involved in tumor cell adhesion and proliferation. In order to evaluate its biological significance in human gastric cancer, we investigated its expression in the stomach of a large series of patients (n = 193) by immunohistochemical staining with the monoclonal antibody ... More
Photoreceptor-specific overexpression of platelet-derived growth factor induces proliferation of endothelial cells, pericytes, and glial cells and aberrant vascular development: an ultrastructural and immunocytochemical study.
AuthorsVinores SA, Seo MS, Derevjanik NL, Campochiaro PA
JournalBrain Res Dev Brain Res
PubMed ID12586423
Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) is necessary for the normal development of the retinal vasculature and its overexpression is likely to contribute to proliferative retinal disorders, such as proliferative vitreoretinopathy. Transgenic mice that overexpress PDGF-B in the photoreceptors (rho/PDGF-B mice) develop traction retinal detachment. In the present study, a detailed histopathological ... More
Edible vaccine protects mice against Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin (LT): potatoes expressing a synthetic LT-B gene.
AuthorsMason HS, Haq TA, Clements JD, Arntzen CJ
JournalVaccine
PubMed ID9682399
The authors have designed and constructed a plant-optimize synthetic gene encoding the Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin B subunit (LT-B), for use in transgenic plants as an edible vaccine against enterotoxigenic E. coli. Expression of the synthetic LT-B gene in potato plants under the control of a constitutive promoter yielded increased ... More
Expression of raf serine/threonine protein kinases in the cell bodies of primary sensory neurons of the adult rat.
AuthorsMihaly A, Priestley JV, Molnar E
JournalCell Tissue Res
PubMed ID8766162
We have used immunocytochemistry to examine the distribution of raf protein kinases in sensory neurons of the adult rat. In lumbar and trigeminal sensory ganglia, cells of all size ranges appeared to be raf immunoreactive and this was confirmed by double labeling using subpopulation specific markers. Almost all cells labeled ... More
Structure of the O-linked oligosaccharides from a major thyroid cell surface glycoprotein.
AuthorsEdge AS, Spiro RG
JournalArch Biochem Biophys
PubMed ID9210648
A major glycoprotein at the surface of calf thyroid cells, GP-3 (M(r) 20,000), contains the I-antigenic activity of calf thyroid which has been attributed to its poly-N-acetyllactosamine N-linked saccharide chains (Edge, A. S. B., and Spiro, R. G., J. Biol. Chem. 260, 15332-15338, 1985). The present study demonstrated that alkaline ... More
Griffonia simplicifolia lectins bind specifically to endothelial cells and some epithelial cells in mouse tissues.
AuthorsLaitinen L
JournalHistochem J
PubMed ID3597137
The binding of Griffonia simplicifolia agglutinin-I (GSA-I) and the isolectins GSA-I-AB3 and GSA-I-B4, having affinity for some alpha-D-galactosyl and N-acetyl galactosaminyl residues was studied in different mouse tissues. In brain, cardiac muscle and skeletal muscle, the GSA-I-lectin conjugates showed prominent binding only to blood vessel endothelia. Similarly, in the liver ... More
Early microglial activation following neonatal excitotoxic brain damage in mice: a potential target for neuroprotection.
AuthorsDommergues MA, Plaisant F, Verney C, Gressens P
JournalNeuroscience
PubMed ID14568022
Previous studies in a mouse model of neonatal excitotoxic brain damage mimicking the brain lesions in human cerebral palsy showed microglial activation within 24 h after intracerebral injection of the glutamatergic analog ibotenate. Using this model, we studied the expression of CD-45 antigen, a marker of blood-derived cells, by these ... More
Rapid isolation of homogeneous murine bronchoalveolar lavage fluid eosinophils by differential lectin affinity interaction and negative selection.
AuthorsShinagawa K, Anderson GP
JournalJ Immunol Methods
PubMed ID10725452
Murine models have advanced our understanding of the immune regulation of eosinophilic inflammation but there are few methods for the reliable isolation of viable populations of eosinophils from the inflamed lung. Here we describe a method to isolate murine eosinophils in high yield and purity from lung lavage fluid after ... More
Further characterization of the combining sites of Bandeiraea (Griffonia) simplicifolia lectin-I, isolectin A(4).
AuthorsWu AM, Wu JH, Chen YY, Song SC, Kabat EA
JournalGlycobiology
PubMed ID10536032
Bandeiraea (Griffonia) simplicifolia lectin-I, isolectin A(4)(GS I-A(4)), which is cytotoxic to the human colon cancer cell lines, is one of two lectin families derived from its seed extract. It contains only a homo-oligomer of subunit A, and is most specific for GalNAcalpha1-->. In order to elucidate the GS I-A(4)-glycoconjugate interactions ... More
The lectin Griffonia simplicifolia I-A4 (GS I-A4) specifically recognizes terminal alpha-linked N-acetylgalactosaminyl groups and is cytotoxic to the human colon cancer cell lines LS174t and SW1116.
AuthorsChen YF, Boland CR, Kraus ER, Goldstein IJ
JournalInt J Cancer
PubMed ID7514154
The lectin GS I-A4 binds to terminal alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminyl (GalNAc) groups (which include the Tn antigen), but not to the closely related tumor-associated epitope, sialylated Tn antigen. The lectin also precipitates asialo OSM, but not its native sialylated form. Lectin histochemistry with human colonic tissues showed that GS I-A4 specifically stained ... More
Differential recognition by proteins of alpha-galactosyl residues on endothelial cell surfaces.
AuthorsLin SS, Parker W, Everett ML, Platt JL
JournalGlycobiology
PubMed ID9597541
The binding of proteins to cell surface carbohydrates contributes to cell-cell interactions in development, immunity, and various physiologic processes. Such interactions are presumably dictated not only by the chemical structure of the carbohydrate but also reflect the properties of the protein and the microenvironment in which the protein-carbohydrate interaction occurs. ... More
Lectin enhancement of the lipofection efficiency in human lung carcinoma cells.
AuthorsYanagihara K, Cheng PW
JournalBiochim Biophys Acta
PubMed ID10572922
Poor transfection efficiency of human lung carcinoma cells by lipofection begs further development of more efficient gene delivery strategies. The purpose of this study was to determine whether lectins can improve the lipofection efficiency in lung carcinoma cells. A549, Calu3, and H292 cells grown to 90% confluence were transfected for ... More
Immunocytochemical localization of trkA receptors in chemically identified subgroups of adult rat sensory neurons.
Immunocytochemistry has been used to examine the location of trkA, the high-affinity receptor for nerve growth factor, in adult rat dorsal root ganglia, trigeminal ganglia and spinal cord. TrkA immunoreactivity was observed in small and medium sized ganglion cells and in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. In lumbar ... More
Activated macrophages have an increased ability to bind the lectin Griffonia simplicifolia-IB4 (GSIB4). Since macrophages readily use the Fc-receptor (FcR) during several immunologic and inflammatory processes, it is important to determine whether interactions with this moiety affect GSIB4-binding ability. Peritoneal macrophages cultured in vitro with Fc fragments of immunoglobulin G ... More
Origin and fate of the central macrophages of erythroblastic islands in the fetal and neonatal mouse liver.
AuthorsSasaki K, Iwatsuki H
JournalMicrosc Res Tech
PubMed ID9408906
Erythroblastic islands were examined by ultrastructure and ultrastructural histochemistry in fetal and early neonatal livers of the mouse. The liver primordium of day 11 embryos contained not only immature hemopoietic cells in the hepatic cords but also macrophages in expanded sinusoids. At 12 and 13 days of gestation, macrophages bearing ... More
Nerve growth factor treatment increases brain-derived neurotrophic factor selectively in TrkA-expressing dorsal root ganglion cells and in their central terminations within the spinal cord.
AuthorsMichael GJ, Averill S, Nitkunan A, Rattray M, Bennett DL, Yan Q, Priestley JV
JournalJ Neurosci
PubMed ID9334420
Using immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization, we have examined the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and of neurotrophin receptors in dorsal root ganglion cells. In the adult rat, BDNF mRNA and protein were found mainly in the subpopulation of cells that express the nerve growth factor (NGF) receptor trkA ... More
Structure of the major concanavalin A reactive oligosaccharides of the extracellular matrix component laminin.
AuthorsKnibbs RN, Perini F, Goldstein IJ
JournalBiochemistry
PubMed ID2790005
Laminin, a high molecular weight (1,000,000) glycoprotein component of basement membranes, was isolated from the EHS murine tumor as a noncovalent complex with entactin by lectin affinity chromatography using the alpha-D-galactosyl binding lectin Griffonia simplicifolia I (GS I). Entactin was removed from this complex by passage over Sephacryl S-1000 in ... More
Upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the retinas of transgenic mice overexpressing interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) in the lens and mice undergoing retinal degeneration.
AuthorsVinores SA, Xiao WH, Zimmerman R, Whitcup SM, Wawrousek EF
JournalHistol Histopathol
PubMed ID12792892
IL-1beta is a pro-inflammatory agent associated with angiogenesis and increased vascular permeability. To determine whether IL-1beta elicits these responses through an upregulation of VEGF, transgenic mice that overexpress IL-1beta in the lens were evaluated at various time points for the localization of VEGF, the location and extent of blood-retinal barrier ... More
The influence of donor age, nerve growth factor, and cografting with drosophila cells on survival of peripherally grafted embryonic or fetal rat dorsal root ganglia.
AuthorsPavlova G, Enblom A, Revishchin A, Sandelin M, Korochkin L, Kozlova EN
JournalCell Transplant
PubMed ID14653618
Previous studies have shown that embryonic rat and human dorsal root ganglion (DRG) cells survive grafting to the cavity of extirpated adult rat DRG. Furthermore, grafted human embryonic neurons were shown to send axons peripherally and into the spinal cord, where they establish functional synaptic connections. This study analyzed the ... More
Mossy fiber-granule cell synapses in the normal and epileptic rat dentate gyrus studied with minimal laser photostimulation.
AuthorsMolnár P, Nadler JV
JournalJ Neurophysiol
PubMed ID10515977
Dentate granule cells become synaptically interconnected in the hippocampus of persons with temporal lobe epilepsy, forming a recurrent mossy fiber pathway. This pathway may contribute to the development and propagation of seizures. The physiology of mossy fiber-granule cell synapses is difficult to characterize unambiguously, because electrical stimulation may activate other ... More
Expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha after focal cerebral ischaemia in the rat.
AuthorsButtini M, Appel K, Sauter A, Gebicke-Haerter PJ, Boddeke HW
JournalNeuroscience
PubMed ID8834388
Induction of tumor necrosis factor alpha was studied in the brain of rats after focal cerebral ischaemia by occlusion of the left middle cerebral artery. Using a specific antisense riboprobe for in situ hybridization histochemistry, cells positive for tumor necrosis factor alpha messenger RNA were detected within 30 min in ... More
Pig xenogeneic antigen modification with green coffee bean alpha-galactosidase.
AuthorsLuo Y, Wen J, Luo C, Cummings RD, Cooper DK
JournalXenotransplantation
PubMed ID10704067
Green coffee bean alpha-galactosidase can cleave the terminal alpha-galactose (alphaGal) on oligosaccharides that form the major antigen on pig endothelial cells recognized by primate-specific antibodies. Studies have been made of the conditions under which it is functional (e.g. temperature, pH) and of its biochemical and immunologic effects. Pig-to-rhesus monkey vein ... More
Biochemical studies of pig xenoantigens detected by naturally occurring human antibodies and the galactose alpha(1-3)galactose reactive lectin.
AuthorsVaughan HA, McKenzie IF, Sandrin MS
JournalTransplantation
PubMed ID7839409
The xenotransplantation of pig organs to humans is now receiving serious consideration because of the shortage of human donors for organ transplants. However, such xenografts would be hyperacutely rejected due to naturally occurring antibodies, present in all human sera, that react with pig antigens on the surface of endothelial cells, ... More
Identification of transient microglial cell colonies in the forebrain white matter of developing rats.
AuthorsEarle KL, Mitrofanis J
JournalJ Comp Neurol
PubMed ID9335421
Herein, we describe the existence of distinct colonies of transient microglial cells that reside in well-defined zones of the forebrain white matter. Rats, aged at postnatal day (P) 0, P2, P5, P7, P10, P15 or adult, were anaesthetised with halothane gas, and various neural centres were injected unilaterally with the ... More
A biological role of the carbohydrate moieties of laminin.
AuthorsDean JW, Chandrasekaran S, Tanzer ML
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID2197277
The ways in which the carbohydrate moieties of laminin affect its cellular interactions have been examined by two different experimental approaches. In one approach, we used lectins in order to block specific carbohydrates on laminin which previously had been dried onto a plastic surface. We found that wheat germ agglutinin ... More
Localization of binding sites of Ulex europaeus I, Helix pomatia and Griffonia simplicifolia I-B4 lectins and analysis of their backbone structures by several glycosidases and poly-N-acetyllactosamine-specific lectins in human breast carcinomas.
AuthorsIto N, Imai S, Haga S, Nagaike C, Morimura Y, Hatake K
JournalHistochem Cell Biol
PubMed ID8897074
Several studies have shown the deletion of blood group A or B antigens and the accumulation of H antigens in human breast carcinomas. Other studies have independently demonstrated that the binding sites of lectins such as Helix pomatia agglutinin (HPA) and Griffonia simplicifolia agglutinin I-B4 (GSAI-B4) are highly expressed in ... More
Release of pig leukocytes during pig kidney perfusion and characterization of pig lymphocyte carbohydrate xenoantigens.
AuthorsMagnusson S, Månsson JE, Strokan V, Jussila R, Kobayashi T, Rydberg L, Romano E, Breimer ME
JournalXenotransplantation
PubMed ID12950986
The Galalpha1-3Gal (alphaGal) antigen is considered the main xenoantigen in the pig to human species combination but other porcine antigens have to be considered such as the swine lymphocyte antigen (SLA), the blood group A/O and the Hanganutziu-Deicher (H-D) antigens. The H-D antigens are N-glycolyl-neuraminic acid (NeuGc) terminated gangliosides that ... More
Selective increase of tumour necrosis factor-alpha in injured and spared myelinated primary afferents after chronic constrictive injury of rat sciatic nerve.
AuthorsSchäfers M, Geis C, Svensson CI, Luo ZD, Sommer C
JournalEur J Neurosci
PubMed ID12603269
Chronic constriction of the sciatic nerve, leading to a hyperalgesic state, results in a partial lesion wherein some axons are injured and others remain intact. Here we sought to characterize reactive changes which occur in DRG cell bodies of injured and uninjured axons projecting to skin and muscle. Using immunohistochemistry ... More
Specificity of human anti-NOR antibodies, a distinct species of "natural" anti-alpha-galactosyl antibodies.
AuthorsDuk M, Westerlind U, Norberg T, Pazynina G, Bovin NN, Lisowska E
JournalGlycobiology
PubMed ID12626386
Natural anti-NOR antibodies are common in human sera and agglutinate human erythrocytes of a rare NOR phenotype. The NOR phenotype-related antigens are unique neutral glycosphingolipids recognized by these antibodies and Griffonia simplicifolia IB4 isolectin (GSL-IB4). The oligosaccharide chains of NOR glycolipids are terminated by Galalpha1-4GalNAcbeta1-3Galalpha units. To characterize the specificity ... More
AMPA-kainate subtypes of glutamate receptor in rat cerebral microglia.
AuthorsNoda M, Nakanishi H, Nabekura J, Akaike N
JournalJ Neurosci
PubMed ID10627602
Microglial cells were isolated from rat cerebral cortex, and kainate (KA)-induced inward current was measured at a holding potential of -40 or -60 mV. 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2, 3-dione-sensitive KA-induced currents increased with increasing KA concentration. The half-activation concentration and Hill coefficient were 3.3 x 10(-4) M and 1.4, respectively. Although glutamate (Glu) ... More
Activated microglia in cortex of mouse models of mucopolysaccharidoses I and IIIB.
AuthorsOhmi K, Greenberg DS, Rajavel KS, Ryazantsev S, Li HH, Neufeld EF
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID12576554
Alpha-N-acetylglucosaminidase deficiency (mucopolysaccharidosis IIIB, MPS IIIB) and alpha-l-iduronidase deficiency (MPS I) are heritable lysosomal storage diseases; neurodegeneration is prominent in MPS IIIB and in severe cases of MPS I. We have obtained morphologic and molecular evidence for the involvement of microglia in brain pathology of mouse models of the two ... More
Antiangiogenic therapy of human esophageal cancers with thalidomide in nude mice.
AuthorsKotoh T, Dhar DK, Masunaga R, Tabara H, Tachibana M, Kubota H, Kohno H, Nagasue N
JournalSurgery
PubMed ID10330943
BACKGROUND: Thalidomide (alpha-N-phthalimidoglutarimide) is attracting new attention because of its antiangiogenic effect in corneal neovascularization models. However, the effect of this agent on esophageal carcinoma is yet to be established. METHODS: The human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma strains ES63 and ES80 implanted subcutaneously in nude mice were used to evaluate ... More
Expression of hyperpolarization-activated and cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channel subunit 2 in axon terminals of peptidergic nociceptive primary sensory neurons in the superficial spinal dorsal horn of rats.
AuthorsAntal M, Papp I, Bahaerguli N, Veress G, Vereb G
JournalEur J Neurosci
PubMed ID15016091
Hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channel proteins (HCN1-4), which are potentially able to modulate membrane excitability, are abundantly expressed by neurons in spinal dorsal root ganglia (DRG). In the present experiment, we investigated whether HCN2 protein is confined exclusively to the perikarya of DRG neurons or is transported from the somata ... More
Monoclonal antibodies that recognize the trisaccharide epitope Gal alpha 1-3Gal beta 1-4GlcNAc present on Ehrlich tumor cell membrane glycoproteins.
AuthorsTakagaki M, Knibbs RN, Roth J, Goldstein IJ
JournalHistochemistry
PubMed ID7503969
Monoclonal antibodies were prepared against the trisaccharide Gal alpha 1-3Gal beta 1-4GlcNAc, a sequence which occurs on the surface of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells as well as in thyroglobulin, laminin and a variety of other proteins. This was accomplished by immunizing BALB/c mice with the fraction of Ehrlich cell membrane ... More
Interaction of baboon anti-alpha-galactosyl antibody with pig tissues.
AuthorsMaruyama S, Cantu E, DeMartino C, Wang CY, Chen J, Al-Mohanna F, Nakeeb SM, D'Agati V, Pernis B, Galili U, Godman G, Stern DM, Andres G
JournalAm J Pathol
PubMed ID10550320
As barriers to xenotransplantation are surmounted, such as suppression of hyperacute rejection allowing improved graft survival, it becomes important to define longer-term host-xenograft interactions. To this end we have prepared in baboons high titer anti-alpha-Galactosyl (alphaGal) and anti-porcine aortic endothelial cell antibodies, similar to human natural xenoantibodies and reactive with ... More
NOR polyagglutination and Sta glycophorin in one family: relation of NOR polyagglutination to terminal alpha-galactose residues and abnormal glycolipids.
AuthorsKusnierz-Alejska G, Duk M, Storry JR, Reid ME, Wiecek B, Seyfried H, Lisowska E
JournalTransfusion
PubMed ID9920164
BACKGROUND: This report describes the characterization of polyagglutinable red cells (RBCs), identified in two generations of a Polish family. CASE REPORT: Untreated and modified RBCs of the proposita (TS) were tested by serologic methods, using human sera, antibodies, lectins, and inhibitors of agglutination. Moreover, glycophorins were characterized by sodium docecyl ... More
Differences in cell surface carbohydrates, and in laminin and fibronectin synthesis, between adherent and non-adherent Ehrlich ascites tumor cells.
AuthorsSong Z, Varani J, Goldstein IJ
JournalInt J Cancer
PubMed ID8253521
Differences in cell surface carbohydrates and in laminin and fibronectin synthesis between 2 Ehrlich ascites tumor (EAT) cell lines, the adherent and non-adherent EAT cells, have been studied. The adherent EAT (a-EAT) cells grow in monolayer in vitro in the presence of fetal bovine serum. The classical, or non-adherent EAT ... More
Quinolinate immunoreactivity in experimental rat brain tumors is present in macrophages but not in astrocytes.
AuthorsMoffett JR, Els T, Espey MG, Walter SA, Streit WJ, Namboodiri MA
JournalExp Neurol
PubMed ID9168830
Experimental tumors of the central nervous system were investigated with antibodies to quinolinate to assess the cellular distribution of this endogenous neurotoxin. In advanced F98 and RG-2 glioblastomas and E367 neuroblastomas in the striatum of rats, variable numbers of quinolinate immunoreactive cells were observed in and around the tumors, with ... More
Cell surface laminin-like substances and laminin-related carbohydrates of rat ascites hepatoma AH7974 and its variants with different lung-colonizing potential.
AuthorsKawaguchi T, Ono T, Wakabayashi H, Igarashi S
JournalClin Exp Metastasis
PubMed ID8194195
Rat ascites hepatoma AH7974 cells strongly expressed antilaminin antibody-reactive substances (laminin-like substances) and Griffonia simplicifolia isolectin B4 (GS)-reactive carbohydrate (alpha-D-galactose; alpha-Gal) on their cell surface. The alpha-Gal expression was not apparently influenced by the pretreatment of cells with methanol. The cell membrane laminin-like substances has approximate molecular weights of 150, ... More
Metastasis-associated S100A4 (Mts1) protein is expressed in subpopulations of sensory and autonomic neurons and in Schwann cells of the adult rat.
AuthorsSandelin M, Zabihi S, Liu L, Wicher G, Kozlova EN
JournalJ Comp Neurol
PubMed ID15101091
S100A4 (Mts1) is a member of a family of calcium-binding proteins of the EF-hand type, which are widely expressed in the nervous system, where they appear to be involved in the regulation of neuron survival, plasticity, and response to injury or disease. S100A4 has previously been demonstrated in astrocytes of ... More
Differential induction of macrophage GSIB4-binding activity.
AuthorsTabor DR, Larry CH, Jacobs RF
JournalJ Leukoc Biol
PubMed ID2496193
Activated macrophages display a terminal galactopyranosyl group on their membrane surface that binds the lectin Griffonia simplicifolia-IB4 (GSIB4). Using FITC-conjugated GSIB4, we examined the induction and subsequent expression of this corresponding marker on peritoneal macrophages from normal (NMO) and LPS-treated (LPS MO) mice. Although the percentage of fresh LPS MO ... More
Stretch receptor-associated expression of alpha 3 isoform of the Na+, K+-ATPase in rat peripheral nervous system.
AuthorsDobretsov M, Hastings SL, Sims TJ, Stimers JR, Romanovsky D
JournalNeuroscience
PubMed ID12617948
Expression of the neuronal alpha(3) isoform of the Na(+),K(+)-ATPase (alpha(3) Na(+),K(+)-ATPase) was studied in the rat peripheral nervous system using histological and immunohistochemical techniques. Non-uniform expression of the alpha(3) Na(+),K(+)-ATPase was observed in L5 ventral and dorsal roots, dorsal root ganglion, sciatic nerve and its branches into skeletal muscle. The ... More
Microglial lineage species are expressed in mammalian epidermal growth factor-generated embryonic neurospheres.
The epigenetic signals and progenitor cell species involved in progressive neural maturation in the mammalian brain are poorly understood. Although these complex developmental issues can be examined in cultures of generative zone progenitor cells, analysis of signaling relationships in complex progenitor cell systems requires the meticulous definition of the cellular ... More
Primary afferent terminals that express presynaptic NR1 in rats are mainly from myelinated, mechanosensitive fibers.
AuthorsLu CR, Hwang SJ, Phend KD, Rustioni A, Valtschanoff JG
JournalJ Comp Neurol
PubMed ID12687684
Presynaptic N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors in terminals of primary afferents to spinal cord of rats were first reported by Liu et al. (1994; Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91:8383-8387) and were proposed to modulate nociceptive input (Liu et al. [1997] Nature 386:721-724). We previously demonstrated kainate and AMPA receptors in numerous ... More
Macrophage membrane glycoprotein binding of Griffonia simplicifolia I-B4 induces TNF-alpha production and a tumoricidal response.
AuthorsTabor DR, Theus SA, Barnett JB, Jacobs RF
JournalJ Cell Physiol
PubMed ID1324245
Thioglycollate-elicited macrophages (m phi), upon binding the lectin Griffonia simplicifolia IB4 (GSIB4) at the plasma membrane, are induced to secrete several low molecular weight proteins. In this investigation, results from specific ELISA and immunoprecipitation analysis of these molecules confirmed that the cytokine, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), belongs to the group ... More
Changes in glycoconjugate expression during early chick embryo development: a lectin-binding study.
AuthorsGriffith CM, Sanders EJ
JournalAnat Rec
PubMed ID1746724
A selection of lectins was used to investigate developmentally regulated changes in the distribution of cell surface oligosaccharides during the gastrulation and neurulation stages of early chick embryo development. Lectins from three specificity classes were used: glucose/mannose specificity (concanavalin A [Con A], Lens culinaris agglutinin [LCA], Pisum sativum agglutinin [PSA]); ... More
Relationship of the extracellular matrix to coronary neovascularization during development.
The main goal of this study was to determine the temporal and spatial relationship of several components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) to coronary vascularization during prenatal and early postnatal development. Rat microvessels were visualized by immunolabeling for platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule (PECAM-1), and by exposure to the lectin ... More