Differentiate enteric gram-negative bacilli based on motility, production of indole, lysine deamination and lysine decarboxylation using MIL Medium.

• Easy-to-differentiate: Brom cresol purple is a pH indicator. Lysine decarboxylase activity shows enteric bacteria producing purple color in the butt of the tube. Lysine deaminase activity shows a deep red band on the rim of the medium and yellow color in the butt of tube. Indole activity shows development of pink to red color in the upper layer of the medium after addition of Kovacs reagent.
• Ready-to-use: Convenience of prepared media.

This medium contains peptones and tryptone that supply nitrogenous compounds and amino acids necessary for enteric gram-negative bacilli. Yeast extract is a source of B-complex vitamins and dextrose is an energy source. Agar is added to enable detection of motility. Brom cresol purple is a pH indicator that is purple at the initial pH of the medium. Enteric gram-negative bacilli ferment dextrose, producing acid which changes the pH indicator color to yellow and stimulates enzyme activity. Lysine is decarboxylated by some enteric bacteria into cadaverine. This produces a purple butt in the tube because the pH indicator reverts to purple. Lysine deamination produces α-ketoglutaric acid that results in a deep red rim at the surface of the medium and a yellow butt in the tube. Indole is produced by organisms that possess the enzyme tryptophanase which degrades tryptophan present in the medium. This reacts with Kovas reagent and forms a red complex.

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