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Differentiate enteric gram-negative bacilli (e.g., Morganella and Providencia1,2) on the basis of deamination of phenylalanine using Thermo Scientific™ Remel™ Phenylalanine Agar. In 1950, Henriksen reported Proteus species were able to convert phenylalanine to phenylpyruvic acid3. Later, Buttiaux et al. described a method for detection of phenylpyruvic acid, formed as a result of phenylalanine deamination4. Bynae incorporated phenylalanine into an agar used to grow the organism5,6. Ewing et al. modified the formulation of Bynae by omitting proteose peptone7.
| Certifications/Compliance | Industrial Reference: BAM. |
| Description | Phenylalanine Agar |
| Format | 15mm x 103mm Tube - Slant |
| Quantity | 20/Pk. |
| Unit Size | Each |
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The ability of an organism to oxidatively deaminate phenylalanine to phenylpyruvic acid is an important reaction in the differentiation of Enterobacteriaceae. This criterion is used to identify and differentiate enteric gram-negative bacilli from other members of Enterobacteriaceae which lack such an activity.
- Ready to use: Convenience of a prepared media
- Easy to interpret: A positive test is indicated by green color development within 1-5 minutes, whereas there is no color change in case of a negative test.
- Recommended by the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC)8.
The medium contains yeast extract that supplies B-complex vitamins and other nutrients to support the growth of bacteria. Sodium chloride provides essential electrolytes and maintains osmotic equilibrium. Phenylalanine acts as the substrate which undergoes oxidative deamination. This reaction is catalyzed by an amino acid oxidase enzyme and yields the alpha keto acid phenylpyruvic acid. Ferric chloride (10%) added to Phenylalanine Agar after incubation serves as a chelating agent, which combines with phenylpyruvic acid to form a green color.
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- Singer, J. and B.E. Volcani. 1955. J. Bacteriol. 60:303-306.
- Ben Hamida, F. and L. Le Minor. 1956. Ann. Inst. Pasteur. 90:671-673.
- Henriksen, S.D. 1950. J. Bacteriol. 60:225-231.
- Buttiaux, R., R. Osteux, R. Fresnoy, and J. Moriamez. 1954. Ann. Inst. Pasteur. 87:375-386.
- Difco Manual. 1984. 10th ed. Difco Laboratories, Detroit, MI.
- MacFaddin, J.F. 1985. Media for Isolation-Cultivation-Identification-Maintenance of Medical Bacteria. Vol. 1. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, MD.
- Ewing, W.H. 1986. Edwards and Ewing’s Identification of Enterobacteriaceae. 4th ed. Elsevier, New York, NY.
- Food and Drug Administration. 2000. Bacteriological Analytical Manual Online. AOAC International, Gaithersburg, MD.