The ApoDETECT Annexin V-FITC Kit provides all the reagents needed to detect the apoptotic cells. Annexin V is a Ca²⁺-dependent phospholipid binding protein. This protein can bind to a variety of phospholipids, but it has the highest affinity for phosphatidylserine (PS). The ApoDETECT Annexin V-FITC Kit binds to negatively charged phospholipid surfaces in a Ca²⁺-dependent manner. It also prevents the formation of the prothrombinase complex, thereby inhibiting formation of thrombin (anticoagulant activity). The ApoDETECT Annexin V-FITC Kit can be used to detect apoptotic cells by flow cytometry or immunofluorescent cytology.

Kit Attributes:

• Applications: Validated application for ApoDETECT Annexin V-FITC Kit is detecting apoptotic cells by flow cytometry or immunofluorescent cytology.
• Format: Vial(s)
• Detection Method: Fluorescence microscopy
• Product Size: One kit

In normal cells phosphatidylserine (PS) is located on the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane. During the early stages of apoptosis, PS is translocated to the outer layer and is exposed on the external surface of the cell. This early event in apoptosis can be detected by using a sensitive method in which to detect PS exposure. Translocation of PS to the external surface of the plasma membrane is not a unique property of apoptotic cells, as this phenomenon also occurs during cell necrosis. However, during apoptosis, the cell membrane remains intact; whereas, during necrosis, the cell becomes leaky and loses its integrity. Therefore, it is necessary to assess membrane integrity together with PS translocation.

Annexin V is a Ca²⁺-dependent phospholipid binding protein. This protein can bind to a variety of phospholipids, but it has the highest affinity for phosphatidylserine (PS). Based on its affinity for PS, Annexin V can be utilized as a sensitive probe for cell surface exposure of PS. To use the Annexin V protein as a probe for apoptotic cells, the protein has been labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC). In this form, the protein can be used directly for quantification of apoptotic cells. The measurement of Annexin V binding when performed simultaneously with a dye exclusion test (such as propidium iodide) can be used to effectively discriminate between apoptotic and necrotic cells.