Human GM-CSF Carrier-Free Recombinant Protein

Product Specific Information

Description: Human GM-CSF (Granulocyte/Monocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor) is a differentially glycosylated factor produced mainly by activated T cells and macrophages. Endothelial cells and fibroblasts can also produce GM-CSF after exposure to TNF alpha, IL-1, IL-2 and IFN gamma. GM-CSF is found associated with extracellular matrix and in membrane-bound formats too. GM-CSF stimulates proliferation, activation and differentiation of macrophages and granulocytes and their progenitors.

Applications Reported: Recombinant human GM-CSF is biologically active and can promote proliferation of the human TF-1 cell line in culture.

Applications Tested: The ED50 of this protein, as measured by TF-1 cell proliferation assay, is less than or equal to 100 pg/mL. This corresponds to a specific activity of greater than or equal to 1 x 10e7 Units/mg.

Source: E. coli expressed amino acids Ala18-Glu144 of mature human GMCSF accession # NM_000758.

Bioactivity: The ED50 of this protein, as measured by TF-1 cell proliferation assay, is less than or equal to 100 pg/mL. This corresponds to a specific activity of greater than or equal to 1 x 10e7 Units/mg.

Endotoxin: Less than 0.01 ng/ug cytokine as determined by the LAL assay. Purity: Greater than or equal to 95% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Molecular Weight: The protein is not methionylated at the N-terminal and has a predicted molecular mass of 14,478. The DTT reduced protein migrates as a 14 kDa polypeptide on SDS-PAGE. The non-reduced protein migrates as a 13 kDa polypeptide.

Storage and handling: For best recovery, quick-spin vial prior to opening. Use in a sterile environment.

Target Information

The GM-CSF gene encodes for a cytokine that regulates the production, differentiation, and function of macrophages and granulocytes. The active form of the protein exists as a homodimer in the extracellular space. This gene is located in a cluster of related genes at the chromosome region 5q31, which has been associated with interstitial deletions in the 5q- syndrome and acute myelogenous leukemia. Other genes in the cluster include interleukins 4, 5, and 13. The gene is involved in promoting tissue inflammation. Elevated levels of cytokines, including the one produced by this gene, have been observed in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Mice that lack this gene or its receptor have been shown to develop pulmonary alveolar proteinosis.