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Isoform 1 functions as extracellular chaperone that prevents aggregation of nonnative proteins. Prevents stress-induced aggregation of blood plasma proteins. Inhibits formation of amyloid fibrils by APP, APOC2, B2M, CALCA, CSN3, SNCA and aggregation-prone LYZ variants (in vitro). Does not require ATP. Maintains partially unfolded proteins in a state appropriate for subsequent refolding by other chaperones, such as HSPA8/HSC70. Does not refold proteins by itself. Binding to cell surface receptors triggers internalization of the chaperone-client complex and subsequent lysosomal or proteasomal degradation. Secreted isoform 1 protects cells against apoptosis and against cytolysis by complement. Intracellular isoforms interact with ubiquitin and SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes and promote the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. Promotes proteasomal degradation of COMMD1 and IKBKB. Modulates NF-kappa-B transcriptional activity. Nuclear isoforms promote apoptosis. Mitochondrial isoforms suppress BAX-dependent release of cytochrome c into the cytoplasm and inhibit apoptosis. Plays a role in the regulation of cell proliferation.
For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures. Not for resale without express authorization.
Protein Aliases: Aging-associated gene 4 protein; aging-associated protein 4; Apo-J; APOJ; ApoJalpha; ApoJbeta; Apolipoprotein J; CLI; CLU; Clusterin; Clusterin alpha chain; Clusterin beta chain; Clustrin; Complement cytolysis inhibitor; Complement cytolysis inhibitor a chain; Complement cytolysis inhibitor b chain; complement lysis inhibitor; Complement-associated protein SP-40,40; DAG; Dimeric acid glycoprotein; Ku70-binding protein 1; KUB1; NA1/NA2; ORF Names: AAG4; SGP-2; Sulfated glycoprotein 2; testosterone repressed prostate message; Testosterone repressed prostate message 2; testosterone repressed prostate message-2; testosterone-repressed prostate message; Testosterone-repressed prostate message 2; testostrone-repressed prostate message 2; TRPM-2
Gene Aliases: AAG4; AI893575; APO-J; APOJ; CLI; CLU; CLU1; CLU2; D14Ucla3; DAG; KUB1; Msgp-2; NA1/NA2; RATTRPM2B; SGP-2; SGP2; SP-40; SP40; Sugp-2; TRPM-2; TRPM2; TRPM2B; Trpmb
UniProt ID: (Human) P10909, (Rat) P05371, (Mouse) Q06890
Entrez Gene ID: (Human) 1191, (Rat) 24854, (Mouse) 12759
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