Invitrogen

CD31 Monoclonal Antibody (HEC7)

Advanced Verification

This Antibody was verified by Relative expression to ensure that the antibody binds to the antigen stated.

16 Published Figures

29 References

View all (187) CD31 (PECAM-1) antibodies

Datasheet

Protocols

Questions & Answers

Tech Support

Datasheet

Protocols

Questions & Answers

Tech Support

Product Image Gallery

CD31 Antibody in Immunocytochemistry (ICC/IF) — Immunofluorescence analysis of Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule was performed using 70% confluent log phase HUVEC cells. The cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde for 10 minutes, permeabilized with 0.1% Triton™ X-100 for 15 minutes, and blocked with 2% BSA for 45 minutes at room temperature. The cells were labeled with CD31 Monoclonal Antibody (HEC7) (Product # MA3100) at 1:100 dilution in 0.1% BSA, incubated at 4 degree celsius overnight and then labeled with Donkey anti-Mouse IgG (H+L) Highly Cross-Adsorbed Secondary Antibody, Alexa Fluor Plus 488 (Product # A32766), (1:2000 dilution), for 45 minutes at room temperature (Panel a: Green). Nuclei (Panel b: Blue) were stained with ProLong™ Diamond Antifade Mountant with DAPI (Product # P36962). F-actin (Panel c: Red) was stained with Rhodamine Phalloidin (Product # R415, 1:300 dilution). Panel d represents the merged image showing Cell Junctional localization. Panel e represents no expression in MDA-MB-231. Panel f represents control cells with no primary antibody to assess background. The images were captured at 60X magnification.

CD31 Antibody in Western Blot (WB) — Western blot was performed using Anti-CD31 Monoclonal Antibody (HEC7) (Product # MA3100) and a 130kDa band corresponding to Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule was observed across cell lines tested. Membrane enriched extracts (40 µg lysate) of HUVEC (Lane 1), HEL 92.1.7 (Lane 2) and MDA-MB-231 (Lane 3) were electrophoresed using NuPAGE™ 4-12% Bis-Tris Protein Gel (Product # NP0322BOX). Resolved proteins were then transferred onto a Nitrocellulose membrane (Product # IB23002) by iBlot® 2 Dry Blotting System (Product # IB21001). The blot was probed with the primary antibody (1:1000 dilution) and detected by chemiluminescence with Goat anti-Mouse IgG (H+L) Superclonal™ Recombinant Secondary Antibody, HRP (Product # A28177, 1:4000 dilution) using the iBright FL 1000 (Product # A32752). Chemiluminescent detection was performed using SuperSignal™ West Atto Ultimate Sensitivity Substrate (Product # A38556).

CD31 Antibody in Flow Cytometry (Flow) — Flow cytometry analysis of CD31 in PBMC cells (green) compared to an isotype control (blue). Cells were harvested, adjusted to a concentration of 1-5x10^6 cells/mL, fixed with 2% paraformaldehyde and washed with PBS. Cells were blocked with a 2% solution of BSA-PBS for 30 min at room temperature and incubated with a CD31 monoclonal antibody (Product # MA3100) at a dilution of 0.5 µg/test for 60 min at room temperature. Cells were then incubated for 40 min at room temperature in the dark using a Dylight 488-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (H+L) secondary antibody and re-suspended in PBS for FACS analysis.

CD31 Antibody — Antibody specificity was demonstrated by detection of differential basal expression of the target across cell lines tested owing to their inherent genetic constitution. Relative expression of Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule was observed to be high in HUVEC in comparison to no expression in MDA-MB-231 using Anti-CD31 Monoclonal Antibody (HEC7) (Product # MA3100) in Western Blot (Ref :https://www.nature.com/articles/onc2013214). {RE}

CD31 Antibody in Immunocytochemistry, Immunohistochemistry (ICC/IF, IHC) — Fig. 2 TNBC cells induce PSMA expression on endothelial tubes. Fluorescence microscopy analysis of tube-associated expression of CD31 and PSMA on HUVEC cells incubated in a EBM-2 growth media supplemented with endothelial growth factors, b MDA-MB231-conditioned medium, and c MCF-7-conditioned medium

CD31 Antibody in Western Blot, Immunocytochemistry (WB, ICC/IF) — Published figure using CD31 monoclonal antibody (Product # MA3100) in Western Blot and Immunocytochemistry

CD31 Antibody in Immunohistochemistry (IHC) — Fig. 6 PSMA-addressing tracer accumulates efficiently and specifically in PSMA-expressing tumor tissue. a muPET analysis of [ 68 Ga]-PSMA-11 biodistribution 30 min p.i. in MDA-MB231 subcutaneously xenografted NUDE mice with fluorescence microscopy imaging of tumor tissue section stained with CD31- and PSMA-specific antibodies and DAPI, and with Masson's Trichrome stain. b muPET analysis of [ 68 Ga]-PSMA-11 biodistribution 30 min p.i. in MCF-7 subcutaneously xenografted NUDE mice with fluorescence microscopy imaging of tumor tissue section stained with CD31- and PSMA-specific antibodies and DAPI, and with Masson's Trichrome stain ( n = 5)

CD31 Antibody in Neutralization (Neu) — Fig. 5. Co-expression of L-selectin and PECAM-1 in dHL-60 cells significantly increases TTT across TNF-activated HUVECs, and functionally blocking PECAM-1 in primary human neutrophils significantly reduces TTT across TNF-activated HUVEC. (A) Time series of frames (from Movie 3 , which includes the time code) showing how TEM of HL-60 cells is quantified. Cells transitioning from phase bright (image 2) to completely phase dark (image 10). Scale bars: 5 um. (B) Quantification of average TTT for dHL-60 cells transmigrating across TNF-activated HUVECs. The dHL-60 cells analysed are stably expressing GFP alone (green column scatter), PECAM-1-GFP alone (blue column scatter), L-selectin-RFP alone (red column scatter) or fluorescently tagged constructs of both PECAM-1 and L-selectin (orange column scatter). The TTT of at least 180 cells were quantified (mean+-s.e.m.) per group across three independent experiments. **** P <0.0001 (one-way ANOVA followed by multiple comparisons corrected for by the Sidak method). (C) Quantification of mean+-s.e.m. TTT for dHL-60 cells transmigrating across IL-1beta-activated HUVEC. The dHL-60 cells analysed are stably expressing GFP alone (green column scatter), PECAM-1-GFP alone (blue column scatter), L-selectin-RFP alone (red column scatter) or fluorescently tagged constructs of both PECAM-1 and L-selectin (orange column scatter). The TTT of at least 180 cells were quantified per group across three independent experiments. **** P <0.0001 (one-way ANOV

Product Details

MA3100

Applications	Tested Dilution	Publications
Western Blot (WB)	1:1,000	View 2 publications 2 publications
Immunohistochemistry (IHC)	-	View 8 publications 8 publications
Immunocytochemistry (ICC/IF)	1:50-1:500	View 8 publications 8 publications
Flow Cytometry (Flow)	3-5 µg/1x10^6 cells	View 3 publications 3 publications
ELISA (ELISA)	-	View 1 publication 1 publication
Immunoprecipitation (IP)	-	View 1 publication 1 publication
Neutralization (Neu)	-	View 6 publications 6 publications

Product Specifications
Species Reactivity	Bovine, Human
Published species	Bovine, Human, Mouse, Rat
Host/Isotype	Mouse / IgG2a
Class	Monoclonal
Type	Antibody
Clone	HEC7
Immunogen	Human PECAM-1
Conjugate	Unconjugated
Form	Liquid
Concentration	1 mg/mL
Purification	Protein G
Storage buffer	PBS
Contains	no preservative
Storage conditions	-20°C
RRID	AB_223516

Product Specific Information

MA3100 targets CD31 in ICC/IF and ACS applications and shows reactivity with Human and Bovine samples.

The MA3100 immunogen is human PECAM-1.

MA3100 detects CD31 which has a predicted molecular weight of approximately 80 kDa.

This product has been tested for endotoxins by limulus amoebocyte lysate (LAL) assay and contains an endotoxin concentration of less than or equal to 10 endotoxin units per milligram (EU/mg).

Target Information

CD31 (platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1, PECAM-1) is an inhibitory coreceptor involved in regulation of T cell and B cell signaling by a dual immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) that upon associated kinases-mediated phosphorylation provide docking sites for protein-tyrosine phosphatases. CD31 is expressed ubiquitously within the vascular compartment and is located mainly at junctions between adjacent cells. N-terminal Ig-like domain of CD31 is responsible for its homophilic binding, which plays an important role in cell-cell interactions. CD31 is a multifunctional molecule with diverse roles in modulation of integrin-mediated cell adhesion, transendothelial migration, angiogenesis, apoptosis, negative regulation of immunoreceptor signaling, autoimmunity, macrophage phagocytosis, IgE-mediated anaphylaxis and thrombosis. It is one of key regulatory molecules in vascular system.

For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures. Not for resale without express authorization.

Product References

L-selectin regulates human neutrophil transendothelial migration.

Journal of cell science

Rahman I,Collado Sánchez A,Davies J,Rzeniewicz K,Abukscem S,Joachim J,Hoskins Green HL,Killock D,Sanz MJ,Charras G,Parsons M,Ivetic A

Published figure using CD31 monoclonal antibody (Product # MA3100) in Flow Cytometry

Mon Feb 08 00:00:00 EST 2021

Design and Validation of a Human Brain Endothelial Microvessel-on-a-Chip Open Microfluidic Model Enabling Advanced Optical Imaging.

Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology

Salman MM,Marsh G,Kusters I,Delincé M,Di Caprio G,Upadhyayula S,de Nola G,Hunt R,Ohashi KG,Gray T,Shimizu F,Sano Y,Kanda T,Obermeier B,Kirchhausen T

MA3100 was used in Immunocytochemistry-immunoflourescence to validate barrier function of our brain microvessel-on-a-chip by measuring permeability of fluorescent dextran and a human monoclonal antibody.

Fri Oct 30 00:00:00 EDT 2020

Design and Validation of a Human Brain Endothelial Microvessel-on-a-Chip Open Microfluidic Model Enabling Advanced Optical Imaging.

Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology

Salman MM,Marsh G,Kusters I,Delincé M,Di Caprio G,Upadhyayula S,de Nola G,Hunt R,Ohashi KG,Gray T,Shimizu F,Sano Y,Kanda T,Obermeier B,Kirchhausen T

Fri Oct 30 00:00:00 EDT 2020

Modelling early events in Mycobacterium bovis infection using a co-culture model of the bovine alveolus.

Scientific reports

Lee DF,Stewart GR,Chambers MA

MA3100 was used in Immunocytochemistry-immunoflourescence to describe the utilisation of an in vitro co-culture model, comprising immortalised bovine alveolar type II (BATII) epithelial cells and bovine pulmonary arterial endothelial cells.

Wed Oct 28 00:00:00 EDT 2020

Direct reprogramming of human smooth muscle and vascular endothelial cells reveals defects associated with aging and Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome.

eLife

Bersini S,Schulte R,Huang L,Tsai H,Hetzer MW

MA3100 was used in Immunohistochemistry-immunofluorescence to show that iVECs and iSMCs retain disease-related signatures, allowing modeling of vascular aging and HGPS in vitro.

Tue Sep 08 00:00:00 EDT 2020

Bovine Organospecific Microvascular Endothelial Cell Lines as New and Relevant In Vitro Models to Study Viral Infections.

International journal of molecular sciences

Lagrée AC,Fasani F,Rouxel C,Pivet M,Pourcelot M,Fablet A,Romey A,Caignard G,Vitour D,Blaise-Boisseau S,Kieda C,Boulouis HJ,Haddad N,Grillon C

MA3100 was used in Flow cytometry/Cell sorting to immortalize bovine organospecific endothelial cells but also to assess their permissivity to viral infection.

Fri Jul 24 00:00:00 EDT 2020

Lamin B2 Levels Regulate Polyploidization of Cardiomyocyte Nuclei and Myocardial Regeneration.

Developmental cell

Han L,Choudhury S,Mich-Basso JD,Ammanamanchi N,Ganapathy B,Suresh S,Khaladkar M,Singh J,Maehr R,Zuppo DA,Kim J,Eberwine JH,Wyman SK,Wu YL,Kühn B

MA3100 was used in Immunocytochemistry to conclude that Lmnb2 expression is essential for karyokinesis in mammalian cardiomyocytes and heart regeneration.

Mon Apr 06 00:00:00 EDT 2020

Targeting of prostate-specific membrane antigen for radio-ligand therapy of triple-negative breast cancer.

Breast cancer research : BCR

Morgenroth A,Tinkir E,Vogg ATJ,Sankaranarayanan RA,Baazaoui F,Mottaghy FM

Published figure using CD31 monoclonal antibody (Product # MA3100) in Immunofluorescence

Tue Oct 22 00:00:00 EDT 2019

Targeting of prostate-specific membrane antigen for radio-ligand therapy of triple-negative breast cancer.

Breast cancer research : BCR

Morgenroth A,Tinkir E,Vogg ATJ,Sankaranarayanan RA,Baazaoui F,Mottaghy FM

Published figure using CD31 monoclonal antibody (Product # MA3100) in Immunofluorescence

Tue Oct 22 00:00:00 EDT 2019

Fat-Specific Protein 27 Regulation of Vascular Function in Human Obesity.

Journal of the American Heart Association

Karki S,Farb MG,Sharma VM,Jash S,Zizza EJ,Hess DT,Carmine B,Carter CO,Pernar LI,Apovian CM,Puri V,Gokce N

Published figure using CD31 monoclonal antibody (Product # MA3100) in Immunocytochemistry

Tue Jun 04 00:00:00 EDT 2019

Vitexin reduces epilepsy after hypoxic ischemia in the neonatal brain via inhibition of NKCC1.

Journal of neuroinflammation

Luo WD,Min JW,Huang WX,Wang X,Peng YY,Han S,Yin J,Liu WH,He XH,Peng BW

Published figure using CD31 monoclonal antibody (Product # MA3100) in Immunofluorescence

Wed Jun 20 00:00:00 EDT 2018

Azithromycin effectively inhibits tumor angiogenesis by suppressing vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2-mediated signaling pathways in lung cancer.

Oncology letters

Li F,Huang J,Ji D,Meng Q,Wang C,Chen S,Wang X,Zhu Z,Jiang C,Shi Y,Liu S,Li C

MA3100 was used in Immunofluorescence to identify VEGF in investigating the inhibition of tumour angiogenesis by the antibiotic, azithromycin, for theraputic purposes.

Sat Jul 01 00:00:00 EDT 2017

Azithromycin effectively inhibits tumor angiogenesis by suppressing vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2-mediated signaling pathways in lung cancer.

Oncology letters

Li F,Huang J,Ji D,Meng Q,Wang C,Chen S,Wang X,Zhu Z,Jiang C,Shi Y,Liu S,Li C

MA3100 was used in Immunofluorescence to identify VEGF in investigating the inhibition of tumour angiogenesis by the antibiotic, azithromycin, for theraputic purposes.

Sat Jul 01 00:00:00 EDT 2017

Mutations in sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase cause nephrosis with ichthyosis and adrenal insufficiency.

The Journal of clinical investigation

Lovric S,Goncalves S,Gee HY,Oskouian B,Srinivas H,Choi WI,Shril S,Ashraf S,Tan W,Rao J,Airik M,Schapiro D,Braun DA,Sadowski CE,Widmeier E,Jobst-Schwan T,Schmidt JM,Girik V,Capitani G,Suh JH,Lachaussée N,Arrondel C,Patat J,Gribouval O,Furlano M,Boyer O,Schmitt A,Vuiblet V,Hashmi S,Wilcken R,Bernier FP,Innes AM,Parboosingh JS,Lamont RE,Midgley JP,Wright N,Majewski J,Zenker M,Schaefer F,Kuss N,Greil J,Giese T,Schwarz K,Catheline V,Schanze D,Franke I,Sznajer Y,Truant AS,Adams B,Désir J,Biemann R,Pei Y,Ars E,Lloberas N,Madrid A,Dharnidharka VR,Connolly AM,Willing MC,Cooper MA,Lifton RP,Simons M,Riezman H,Antignac C,Saba JD,Hildebrandt F

Wed Mar 01 00:00:00 EST 2017

CXCR7 expression disrupts endothelial cell homeostasis and causes ligand-dependent invasion.

Cell adhesion & migration

Totonchy JE,Clepper L,Phillips KG,McCarty OJ,Moses AV

Published figure using CD31 monoclonal antibody (Product # MA3100) in Immunofluorescence

Fri May 29 00:00:00 EDT 2015

CXCR7 expression disrupts endothelial cell homeostasis and causes ligand-dependent invasion.

Cell adhesion & migration

Totonchy JE,Clepper L,Phillips KG,McCarty OJ,Moses AV

Published figure using CD31 monoclonal antibody (Product # MA3100) in Immunofluorescence

Fri May 29 00:00:00 EDT 2015

Aberrant proliferation in CXCR7+ endothelial cells via degradation of the retinoblastoma protein.

PloS one

Totonchy JE,Osborn JM,Botto S,Clepper L,Moses AV

MA3100 was used in immunocytochemistry to study the role of proteasomal degradation of retinoblastoma protein in the proliferation of CXCR7+ endothelial cells

Thu Mar 27 00:00:00 EDT 2014

Association of T-zone reticular networks and conduits with ectopic lymphoid tissues in mice and humans.

The American journal of pathology

Link A,Hardie DL,Favre S,Britschgi MR,Adams DH,Sixt M,Cyster JG,Buckley CD,Luther SA

Fri Apr 01 00:00:00 EDT 2011

Transmigration across activated endothelium induces transcriptional changes, inhibits apoptosis, and decreases antimicrobial protein expression in human monocytes.

Journal of leukocyte biology

Williams MR,Sakurai Y,Zughaier SM,Eskin SG,McIntire LV

MA3100 was used in blocking or activating experiment to investigate the effect of transmigration on monocyte function modulation

Tue Dec 01 00:00:00 EST 2009

Adipocytes as immune cells: differential expression of TWEAK, BAFF, and APRIL and their receptors (Fn14, BAFF-R, TACI, and BCMA) at different stages of normal and pathological adipose tissue development.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

Alexaki VI,Notas G,Pelekanou V,Kampa M,Valkanou M,Theodoropoulos P,Stathopoulos EN,Tsapis A,Castanas E

MA3100 was used in flow cytometry to investigate the expression level of multiple genes in adipose tissues

Sun Nov 01 00:00:00 EDT 2009

Dendritic cell adhesion is enhanced on endothelial cells preexposed to calcineurin inhibitors.

Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology

Schlichting CL,Schareck WD,Weis M

MA3100 was used in blocking/activating experiment to investigate the influence of calcineurin inhibitors on dendritic cell adhesion and transmigration to allogeneic endothelial cells

Thu Sep 01 00:00:00 EDT 2005

Integrin alpha4beta1-VCAM-1-mediated adhesion between endothelial and mural cells is required for blood vessel maturation.

The Journal of clinical investigation

Garmy-Susini B,Jin H,Zhu Y,Sung RJ,Hwang R,Varner J

MA3100 was used in immunohistochemistry to study the role of of integrin alpha4beta1-VCAM-1-mediated adhesion in blood vessel maturation

Wed Jun 01 00:00:00 EDT 2005

A chemokine-dependent stromal induction mechanism for aberrant lymphocyte accumulation and compromised lymphatic return in rheumatoid arthritis.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

Burman A,Haworth O,Hardie DL,Amft EN,Siewert C,Jackson DG,Salmon M,Buckley CD

MA3100 was used in immunohistochemistry to study the mechanism for aberrant lymphocyte accumulation and compromised lymphatic return in chronic inflammation

Tue Feb 01 00:00:00 EST 2005

Endothelial cell activation by myeloblasts: molecular mechanisms of leukostasis and leukemic cell dissemination.

Blood

Stucki A,Rivier AS,Gikic M,Monai N,Schapira M,Spertini O

MA3100 was used in flow cytometry to study the effect of myeloblasts on endothelial cell activation

Sun Apr 01 00:00:00 EST 2001

Cell contact-dependent activation of alpha3beta1 integrin modulates endothelial cell responses to thrombospondin-1.

Molecular biology of the cell

Chandrasekaran L,He CZ,Al-Barazi H,Krutzsch HC,Iruela-Arispe ML,Roberts DD

MA3100 was used in blocking/activating experiment to study the effect of alpha3beta1 integrin on endothelial cell responses to thrombospondin-1

Fri Sep 01 00:00:00 EDT 2000

Regulation of angiogenesis in vivo by ligation of integrin alpha5beta1 with the central cell-binding domain of fibronectin.

The American journal of pathology

Kim S,Bell K,Mousa SA,Varner JA

Published figure using CD31 monoclonal antibody (Product # MA3100) in Immunofluorescence

Sat Apr 01 00:00:00 EST 2000

Functional roles for PECAM-1 (CD31) and VE-cadherin (CD144) in tube assembly and lumen formation in three-dimensional collagen gels.

The American journal of pathology

Yang S,Graham J,Kahn JW,Schwartz EA,Gerritsen ME

MA3100 was used in western blot to investigate the role of CD31 and CD144 in tube assembly and lumen formation in three-dimensional collagen gels

Wed Sep 01 00:00:00 EDT 1999

A standardized, a computer-assisted in vitro assay for the assessment of neutrophil transmigration across endothelial monolayers.

Journal of immunological methods

Gröger M,Matsumura T,Kohrgruber N,Maurer D,Wolff K,Petzelbauer P

MA3100 was used in blocking/activating experiment to investigate the efficiency of a novel assay for the detection of transmigrated neutrophils across endothelial monolayers

Fri Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 1999

Endotoxin-inducible granulocyte-mediated hepatocytotoxicity requires adhesion and serine protease release.

Journal of leukocyte biology

Sauer A,Hartung T,Aigner J,Wendel A

MA3100 was used in ELISA to study the role of cell adhesion and serine protease in hepatocytotoxicity

Fri Nov 01 00:00:00 EST 1996

L- and P-selectins, but not CD49d (VLA-4) integrins, mediate monocyte initial attachment to TNF-alpha-activated vascular endothelium under flow in vitro.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

Luscinskas FW,Ding H,Tan P,Cumming D,Tedder TF,Gerritsen ME

MA3100 was used in blocking/activating experiment to investigate the mechanism for the monocyte initial attachment to vascular endothelium

Mon Jul 01 00:00:00 EDT 1996

PECAM-1 (CD31) cloning and relation to adhesion molecules of the immunoglobulin gene superfamily.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

Newman PJ,Berndt MC,Gorski J,White GC,Lyman S,Paddock C,Muller WA

MA3100 was used in immunoprecipitation to identify and characterize PECAM-1 gene

Fri Mar 09 00:00:00 EST 1990

Bioinformatics

Protein Aliases: CD31; CD31 antigen; EndoCAM; GPIIA'; PECA1; PECAM-1; Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule; platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule (CD31 antigen); platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1

Gene Aliases: CD31; CD31/EndoCAM; endoCAM; GPIIA'; PECA1; PECAM-1; PECAM1

UniProt ID: (Human) P16284

Entrez Gene ID: (Bovine) 282303, (Human) 5175

Molecular Function: immunoglobulin receptor superfamily