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IL-31 is a T cell cytokine that is preferentially produced by T helper type 2 cells. IL-31 signals through a heterodimeric receptor composed of the IL-31 receptor (IL-31R) and the oncostatin M receptor (OSM). This receptor complex recruits JAK1, JAK2, Stat1, Stat3 and Stat5 signaling pathways, as well as the PI3 kinase/AKT cascade. SHP-2 and Shc adapter molecules are also recruited and contribute to an increased activation of the MAP kinase pathway in response to IL-31. Overexpression of IL-31 in mice results in pruritus and skin dermatitis resembling human atopic dermatitis (AD). Comparisons between skin from patients with AD and healthy skin showed IL-31R expression at higher levels on epidermal keratinocytes in AD samples. Infiltrating cells, more numerous in skin from patients with AD compared with that of healthy individuals, expressed IL-31 mRNA. IL-31 may participate in the cause of itch sensation and promote scratching behavior in NC/Nga mice with atopic dermatitis, and may represent a novel target for antipruritic drug development.
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Protein Aliases: class I cytokine receptor; CRL 3; CRL3Glmr; Cytokine receptor-like 3; GLM R; GLM-R; GLM-RMGC125346; GP130 like receptor; Gp130-like monocyte receptor; Gp130-like receptor; HGLM R; hGLM-R; HGLMR; IL 31RA; IL-31 receptor subunit alpha; IL-31R subunit alpha; IL-31RAGPLCRL; IL31R subunit alpha; Interleukin-31 receptor subunit alpha; MGC125346; PLCA 2; soluble type I cytokine receptor CRL3; ZcytoR17
Gene Aliases: CRL; CRL3; GLM-R; GLMR; GPL; hGLM-R; IL-31RA; IL31RA; PLCA2; PRO21384; UNQ6368/PRO21073/PRO21384
UniProt ID: (Human) Q8NI17
Entrez Gene ID: (Human) 133396
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