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T-cell protein tyrosine phosphatase (TC-PTP), also known as PTPT and PTPN2, is an enzyme that removes phosphate groups covalently attached to tyrosine residues in proteins. This enzyme has two C-terminal end splice variants with distinctly different subcellular localizations. The shorter 45 kilodalton isoform is exclusively nuclear in resting cells, but redistrubutes to the cytosol upon stimulation with growth factors and cellular stress. The longer 48 kilodalton isoform is exclusively found in the endoplasmic reticulum 3 and seems to have distinctly different physiologic substrates from the smaller isoform. Although found in many cell types and tissues, TC-PTP is particularly prominent in hemopoietic cell types. Knockout mice lacking TC-PTP are born viable but die 3 to 5 weeks after birth of erythropoietic and lymphopoietic deficits 7, indicating a critical role for TC-PTP in bone marrow maturation. TC-PTP will dephosphorylate a wide range of phosphoproteins, such as p52 Shc 6 and receptors for EGF 1, Insulin 8 and growth hormone.
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Protein Aliases: MPTP; Protein-tyrosine phosphatase PTP-2; PTPN 2; T cell protein-tyrosine phosphatase; T-cell protein tyrosine phosphatase; T-cell protein-tyrosine phosphatase; TC PTP; TCPTP; tyrosine-phosphatase; Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2
Gene Aliases: AI325124; PTN2; PTPN2; PTPT; TC-PTP; TCELLPTP; TCPTP
UniProt ID: (Human) P17706, (Mouse) Q06180
Entrez Gene ID: (Human) 5771, (Mouse) 19255
Molecular Function:
hydrolase
phosphatase
protein phosphatase
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