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Tau, also known as MAPT (microtubule-associated protein tau), MAPTL, MTBT1 or TAU, is a 758 amino acid protein that localizes to the cytoplasm, as well as to the cytoskeleton and the cell membrane, and contains four Tau/MAP repeats. Expressed in neuronal tissue and existing as multiple alternatively spliced isoforms, Tau functions to promote microtubule assembly and stability and is thought to be involved in the maintenance of neuronal polarity. Tau may also link microtubules with neural plasma membrane components and, addition to its role in microtubule stability, is also necessary for cytoskeletal plasticity. Tau is highly subject to a variety of post-translational modifications, including phosphorylation on serine and threonine residues, polyubiquitination (and subsequent proteasomal degradation) and glycation of specific Tau isoforms. Defects in the gene encoding Tau are associated with Alzheimers disease, pallido-ponto-nigral degeneration (PPND), corticobasal degeneration (CBD) and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP).
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Protein Aliases: 2N4R; G protein beta1/gamma2 subunit-interacting factor 1; Microtubule-associated protein tau; Neurofibrillary tangle protein; Paired helical filament-tau; PHF-tau; protein phosphatase 1, regulatory subunit 103; Tau microtubule-associated protein; Tau-4; Tau-derived paired helical filament hexapeptide; unnamed protein product
Gene Aliases: AI413597; AW045860; DDPAC; FTD1; FTDP-17; MAPT; MAPTL; MSTD; Mtapt; MTBT1; MTBT2; PPND; PPP1R103; pTau; RNPTAU; TAU; tau-40; Tau-PHF6
UniProt ID: (Human) P10636, (Mouse) P10637
Entrez Gene ID: (Human) 4137, (Rat) 29477, (Mouse) 17762
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