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Invitrogen
IL-21 Polyclonal Antibody
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Product Details
PA5-19981
Applications
Tested Dilution
Publications
Product Specifications
Species Reactivity
Human,
Mouse,
Rat
Host/Isotype
Rabbit
/ IgG
Class
Polyclonal
Type
Antibody
Immunogen
A peptide corresponding to 15 amino acids near the center of human IL-21 precursor. The immunogen is located within the last 50 amino acids of IL-21.
Conjugate
Unconjugated
Unconjugated
Unconjugated
Form
Liquid
Concentration
1.0 mg/mL
Amount
100 µg
Purification
Antigen affinity chromatography
Storage buffer
PBS
Contains
0.02% sodium azide
Storage conditions
Maintain refrigerated at 2-8°C for up to 3 months. For long term storage store at -20°C
Shipping conditions
Ambient (domestic); Wet ice (international)
RRID
Product Specific Information
Suggested positive controls are Human Tonsil, Mouse Spleen, or Rat Spleen Lysate.
PA5-19981 can be used with blocking peptide PEP-0105.
Predicted species reactivity based on immunogen sequence: Bovine: (100%), Pig: (87%).
At least two isoforms of IL-21 are known to exist; this antibody will detect both isoforms. IL-21 antibody is predicted to not cross-react with other members of the interleukin protein family.
Target Information
IL-21 is a 17 kDa immunomodulatory cytokine produced mainly by Natural Killer Cells (NKT), T helper (Th) 17 and T follicular helper (TFH) cells. In TFH cells, IL-21 expression leads to autocrine signaling through the IL-21 receptor (IL-21R) and STAT3, which leads to additional transcriptional activation by Bcl6. As with IFN gamma for Th1 and IL-4 for Th2 cells, IL-21 is critical for TFH cell development and effector function. IL-21 plays a role in T cell-dependent B cell differentiation into plasma cells and memory cells, stimulation of IgG production and induction of apoptotic signaling in naive B cells. In Th17 cells, IL-21 expression and autocrine feedback through STAT3, IRF4 and ROR gamma t lead to upregulation of the IL-23R, thereby preparing Th17 cells for maturation and maintenance by the inflammatory cytokine IL-23. While upregulating IRF4 and ROR gamma t, IL-21 also mediates the downregulation of Foxp3. IL-21 deficient mice are protected from developing colitis upon chemical treatment by their inability to upregulate Th17-associated molecules. In comparison, elevated levels of IL-21 are present in chemically-induced colitis mouse models.
For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures. Not for resale without express authorization.
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Bioinformatics
Protein Aliases: CX2; cytokine; four helix bundle cytokine; il 21; ILN; Interleukin; Interleukin21; mIL21
Gene Aliases: CVID11; IL-21; Za11
UniProt ID: (Human) Q9HBE4, (Mouse) Q9ES17, (Rat) A3QPB9
Entrez Gene ID: (Human) 59067, (Mouse) 60505, (Rat) 365769
positive regulation of cytokine production
germinal center B cell differentiation
positive regulation of immunoglobulin production
immune response
signal transduction
JAK-STAT cascade
tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein
positive regulation of cell proliferation
response to virus
immunoglobulin mediated immune response
natural killer cell activation
positive regulation of B cell proliferation
positive regulation of interferon-gamma production
positive regulation of interleukin-17 production
positive regulation of tissue remodeling
positive regulation of T cell proliferation
positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein
positive regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity
cell development
cell maturation
positive regulation of inflammatory response
positive regulation of lymphocyte activation
defense response to virus
T follicular helper cell differentiation
cellular response to virus
B cell apoptotic process
positive regulation of natural killer cell cytokine production
positive regulation of interleukin-10 production
positive regulation of natural killer cell differentiation
positive regulation of B cell differentiation
response to dsDNA
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Performance Guarantee
If an Invitrogen™ antibody doesn't perform as described on our website or datasheet,we'll replace the product at no cost to you, or provide you with a credit for a future purchase.*
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