Protein kinase C-dependent effects of 12(S)-HETE on endothelial cell vitronectin receptor and fibronectin receptor.
AuthorsTang DG,Chen YQ,Diglio CA,Honn KV
JournalThe Journal of cell biology
PubMed ID7683691
12(S)-HETE, a lipoxygenase metabolite of arachidonic acid induced a nondestructive and reversible endothelial cell (EC) retraction. 12(S)-HETE induced EC retraction was inhibited by protein kinase C inhibitors calphostin C and staurosporine but not by the protein kinase A inhibitor H8. The role of EC integrins alpha v beta 3 and ... More
Two new Ypt GTPases are required for exit from the yeast trans-Golgi compartment.
AuthorsJedd G, Mulholland J, Segev N
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID9151665
Small GTPases of the Ypt/rab family are involved in the regulation of vesicular transport. These GTPases apparently function during the targeting of vesicles to the acceptor compartment. Two members of the Ypt/rab family, Ypt1p and Sec4p, have been shown to regulate early and late steps of the yeast exocytic pathway, ... More
The Ig superfamily cell adhesion molecule, apCAM, mediates growth cone steering by substrate-cytoskeletal coupling.
AuthorsSuter DM, Errante LD, Belotserkovsky V, Forscher P
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID9531561
Dynamic cytoskeletal rearrangements are involved in neuronal growth cone motility and guidance. To investigate how cell surface receptors translate guidance cue recognition into these cytoskeletal changes, we developed a novel in vitro assay where beads, coated with antibodies to the immunoglobulin superfamily cell adhesion molecule apCAM or with purified native ... More
Mutational analysis of the role of hydrophobic residues in the 338-348 helix on actin in actomyosin interactions.
AuthorsMiller CJ, Doyle TC, Bobkova E, Botstein D, Reisler E
JournalBiochemistry
PubMed ID8619986
Yeast actin mutants with alanines replacing I341 and I345 were studied to assess the role of hydrophobic residues in the alpha-helix 338-348 in interactions with myosin. In structural models of the actomyosin complex, this helix on actin was assigned a prominent role in the strong binding of myosin to actin. ... More
Heparan sulfate proteoglycans are primarily responsible for the maintenance of enzyme activity, binding, and degradation of lipoprotein lipase in Chinese hamster ovary cells.
AuthorsBerryman DE, Bensadoun A
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID7592670
Various aspects of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) metabolism, including cell surface binding, degradation, and enzymatic activity, were compared between Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells and two distinct proteoglycan-deficient CHO cell lines. The contribution of low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein in binding LPL was also analyzed by the use of a 39-kDa ... More
Developmental genetic analysis of troponin T mutations in striated and nonstriated muscle cells of Caenorhabditis elegans.
AuthorsMyers CD, Goh PY, Allen TS, Bucher EA, Bogaert T
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID8601585
We have been investigating a set of genes, collectively called mups, that are essential to striated body wall muscle cell positioning in Caenorhabditis elegans. Here we report our detailed characterization of the mup-2 locus, which encodes troponin T (TnT). Mutants for a heat-sensitive allele, called mup-2(e2346ts), and for a putative ... More
Characterization of cardiotin, a structural component in the myocard.
AuthorsSchaart G, van der Ven PF, Ramaekers FC
JournalEur J Cell Biol
PubMed ID8269977
The characterization and subcellular distribution of cardiotin, a structural component of striated muscle, is described using a monoclonal antibody. This high molecular mass component (> 300 kDa) is expressed in the myocard of several species and to a lesser extent also in skeletal muscle. Cardiotin is not found in smooth ... More
Distribution of F-actin and fodrin in the hair cells of the guinea pig cochlea as revealed by confocal fluorescence microscopy.
AuthorsYlikoski J, Pirvola U, Lehtonen E
JournalHear Res
PubMed ID1500379
We double-stained paraformaldehyde fixed guinea pig cochleas with rhodaminated phalloidin to detect F-actin and with a monoclonal antibody against non-erythroid spectrin (fodrin). The hair cells were studied in surface specimens of the organ of Corti with confocal fluorescence microscopy. In serial optical sections, phalloidin stained the stereocilia, cuticular plate, and ... More
A GTPase controls cell-substrate adhesion in Xenopus XTC fibroblasts.
AuthorsSymons MH, Mitchison TJ
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID1512294
Cell-substrate adhesion is crucial at various stages of development and for the maintenance of normal tissues. Little is known about the regulation of these adhesive interactions. To investigate the role of GTPases in the control of cell morphology and cell-substrate adhesion we have injected guanine nucleotide analogs into Xenopus XTC ... More
Signal transduction and cytoskeletal activation in the neutrophil.
AuthorsOmann GM, Allen RA, Bokoch GM, Painter RG, Traynor AE, Sklar LA
JournalPhysiol Rev
PubMed ID3543977
Alpha-actinin-containing aggregates in transformed cells are highly dynamic structures.
AuthorsStickel SK, Wang YL
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID3034916
Normal rat kidney cells infected with a Rous sarcoma virus (strain LA23) were used to study the dynamics of alpha-actinin-containing aggregates in transformed cells. Experiments were performed by microinjecting living cells with iodoacetamidotetramethylrhodamine alpha-actinin and allowing the fluorescent analogue to incorporate into cellular structures. Subsequent time-lapse recording indicated that the ... More
Fluorescence light microscopy of F-actin in retinal rods and glial cells.
AuthorsDel Priore LV, Lewis A, Tan S, Carley WW, Webb WW
JournalInvest Ophthalmol Vis Sci
PubMed ID3104228
The actin cytoskeleton of rod photoreceptors and glial cells in toad retina has been directly viewed using fluorescence microscopy of cells labeled with a potent phallotoxin that specifically binds to F-actin. The three-dimensional organization of this cytoskeletal protein consists of actin filaments, which course through the inner segment and end ... More
Sustained induction of ERK, protein kinase B, and p70 S6 kinase regulates cell spreading and formation of F-actin microspikes upon ligation of integrins by galectin-8, a mammalian lectin.
AuthorsLevy Y, Ronen D, Bershadsky AD, Zick Y
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID12569102
Galectin-8, a member of the galectin family of mammalian lectins, is a secreted protein that promotes cell adhesion and migration upon binding to a subset of integrins through sugar-protein interactions. Ligation of integrins by galectin-8 triggers a distinct pattern of cytoskeletal organization, including formation of F-actin-containing microspikes. This is associated ... More
Interaction of HLA-DR with actin microfilaments.
AuthorsFernández EM, O'Toole PJ, Morrison IE, Cherry RJ, Fernández N
JournalHum Immunol
PubMed ID12590977
Capping of HLA-DR on the surface of a human lymphoblastoid cell line (RAJI) and a transfectant human fibroblast cell line (M1DR1) was studied by confocal microscopy. Capping was induced at 22 degrees C after treating cells with an HLA-DR specific monoclonal antibody, L243, followed by a secondary antibody conjugated with ... More
Positive regulation of T cell activation and integrin adhesion by the adapter Fyb/Slap.
AuthorsGriffiths EK, Krawczyk C, Kong YY, Raab M, Hyduk SJ, Bouchard D, Chan VS, Kozieradzki I, Oliveira-Dos-Santos AJ, Wakeham A, Ohashi PS, Cybulsky MI, Rudd CE, Penninger JM
JournalScience
PubMed ID11567140
The molecular adapter Fyb/Slap regulates signaling downstream of the T cell receptor (TCR), but whether it plays a positive or negative role is controversial. We demonstrate that Fyb/Slap-deficient T cells exhibit defective proliferation and cytokine production in response to TCR stimulation. Fyb/Slap is also required in vivo for T cell-dependent ... More
Mechanics and multiple-particle tracking microheterogeneity of alpha-actinin-cross-linked actin filament networks.
AuthorsTseng Y, Wirtz D
JournalBiophys J
PubMed ID11509377
Cell morphology is controlled by the actin cytoskeleton organization and mechanical properties, which are regulated by the available contents in actin and actin regulatory proteins. Using rheometry and the recently developed multiple-particle tracking method, we compare the mechanical properties and microheterogeneity of actin filament networks containing the F-actin cross-linking protein ... More
Direct interaction of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor with leukemia-associated RhoGEF.
AuthorsTaya S, Inagaki N, Sengiku H, Makino H, Iwamatsu A, Urakawa I, Nagao K, Kataoka S, Kaibuchi K
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID11724822
'Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 plays crucial roles in growth control and rearrangements of the cytoskeleton. IGF-1 binds to the IGF-1 receptor and thereby induces the autophosphorylation of this receptor at its tyrosine residues. The phosphorylation of the IGF-1 receptor is thought to initiate a cascade of events. Although various signaling ... More
Effect of pore diameter of a porous membrane on progenitor cell content during membrane-separated coculture of hematopoietic cells and a stromal cell line.
AuthorsTakagi M, Horii K, Yoshida T
JournalJ Artif Organs
PubMed ID14598114
'The effect of pore diameter of a porous membrane on the progenitor cell content during a membrane-separated coculture of murine bone marrow hematopoietic cells and a murine stromal cell line, in which stromal cells adhered onto the lower surface of the membrane and hematopoietic cells were incubated on the upper ... More
A single class II myosin modulates T cell motility and stopping, but not synapse formation.
AuthorsJacobelli J, Chmura SA, Buxton DB, Davis MM, Krummel MF
JournalNat Immunol
PubMed ID15064761
'Upon encountering an antigen, motile T cells stop crawling, change morphology and ultimately form an ''immunological synapse''. Although myosin motors are thought to mediate various aspects of this process, the molecules involved and their exact roles are not defined. Here we show that nonmuscle myosin heavy chain IIA, or MyH9, ... More
Regulation of macrophage phagocytosis of apoptotic cells by cAMP.
AuthorsRossi AG, McCutcheon JC, Roy N, Chilvers ER, Haslett C, Dransfield I
JournalJ Immunol
PubMed ID9531319
'Regulation of macrophage capacity to remove apoptotic cells may control the balance of apoptotic and necrotic leukocytes at inflamed foci and the extent of leukocyte-mediated tissue damage. Although the molecules involved in the phagocytic process are beginning to be defined, little is known about the underlying regulatory and signaling mechanisms ... More
Distinct roles of ROCK (Rho-kinase) and MLCK in spatial regulation of MLC phosphorylation for assembly of stress fibers and focal adhesions in 3T3 fibroblasts.
AuthorsTotsukawa G, Yamakita Y, Yamashiro S, Hartshorne DJ, Sasaki Y, Matsumura F
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID10953004
'ROCK (Rho-kinase), an effector molecule of RhoA, phosphorylates the myosin binding subunit (MBS) of myosin phosphatase and inhibits the phosphatase activity. This inhibition increases phosphorylation of myosin light chain (MLC) of myosin II, which is suggested to induce RhoA-mediated assembly of stress fibers and focal adhesions. ROCK is also known ... More
Folding of the striated muscle myosin motor domain.
Authors Chow Diana; Srikakulam Rajani; Chen Ying; Winkelmann Donald A;
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID12110670
'We have investigated the folding of the myosin motor domain using a chimera of an embryonic striated muscle myosin II motor domain fused on its COOH terminus to a thermal stable, fast folding variant of green fluorescent protein (GFP). In in vitro expression assays, the GFP domain of the chimeric ... More
Cytoskeletal changes regulated by the PAK4 serine/threonine kinase are mediated by LIM kinase 1 and cofilin.
Authors Dan C; Kelly A; Bernard O; Minden A;
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID11413130
'PAK4 is the most recently identified member of the PAK family of serine/threonine kinases. PAK4 differs from other members of the PAK family in sequence and in many of its functions. Previously, we have shown that an important function of this kinase is to mediate the induction of filopodia in ... More
Synaptic vesicle proteins and early endosomes in cultured hippocampal neurons: differential effects of Brefeldin A in axon and dendrites.
AuthorsMundigl O, Matteoli M, Daniell L, Thomas-Reetz A, Metcalf A, Jahn R, De Camilli P
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID8376458
'The pathways of synaptic vesicle (SV) biogenesis and recycling are still poorly understood. We have studied the effects of Brefeldin A (BFA) on the distribution of several SV membrane proteins (synaptophysin, synaptotagmin, synaptobrevin, p29, SV2 and rab3A) and on endosomal markers to investigate the relationship between SVs and the membranes ... More
The TSC1 tumour suppressor hamartin regulates cell adhesion through ERM proteins and the GTPase Rho.
AuthorsLamb RF, Roy C, Diefenbach TJ, Vinters HV, Johnson MW, Jay DG, Hall A
JournalNat Cell Biol
PubMed ID10806479
'Loss of the tumour-suppressor gene TSC1 is responsible for hamartoma development in tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), which renders several organs susceptible to benign tumours. Hamartin, the protein encoded by TSC1, contains a coiled-coil domain and is expressed in most adult tissues, although its function is unknown. Here we show that ... More
Laminin induces the stable expression of surface galactosyltransferase on lamellipodia of migrating cells.
AuthorsEckstein DJ, Shur BD
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID2500448
'We have previously shown that cell surface galactosyltransferase (GalTase) mediates cell spreading and migration on basal lamina matrices by binding N-linked oligosaccharide substrates within laminin. In this study we have examined the distribution and expression of cell surface GalTase during mesenchymal cell migration on various extracellular matrices. Antisera raised against ... More
The polarized distribution of an apical cell surface glycoprotein is maintained by interactions with the cytoskeleton of Madin-Darby canine kidney cells.
AuthorsOjakian GK, Schwimmer R
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID3198692
'A monoclonal antibody made against a 135-kD glycoprotein (gp135) on the plasma membrane of Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells was used to study the development and maintenance of epithelial cell surface polarity. Immunofluorescence microscopy and immunogold electron microscopy of confluent monolayers demonstrated that gp135 had a polarized cell surface distribution ... More
Maternal effect mutations of the sponge locus affect actin cytoskeletal rearrangements in Drosophila melanogaster embryos.
AuthorsPostner MA, Miller KG, Wieschaus EF
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID1447298
'In the syncytial blastoderm stage of Drosophila embryogenesis, dome-shaped actin "caps" are observed above the interphase nuclei. During mitosis, this actin rearranges to participate in the formation of pseudocleavage furrows, transient membranous invaginations between dividing nuclei. Embryos laid by homozygous sponge mothers lack these characteristic actin structures, but retain other ... More
Differential distribution of subsets of myofibrillar proteins in cardiac nonstriated and striated myofibrils.
AuthorsSchultheiss T, Lin ZX, Lu MH, Murray J, Fischman DA, Weber K, Masaki T, Imamura M, Holtzer H
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID2108970
'Cultured cardiac myocytes were stained with antibodies to sarcomeric alpha-actinin, troponin-I, alpha-actin, myosin heavy chain (MHC), titin, myomesin, C-protein, and vinculin. Attention was focused on the distribution of these proteins with respect to nonstriated myofibrils (NSMFs) and striated myofibrils (SMFs). In NSMFs, alpha-actinin is found as longitudinally aligned, irregular approximately ... More
The polo-box-dependent induction of ectopic septal structures by a mammalian polo kinase, plk, in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AuthorsLee KS, Song S, Erikson RL
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID10588710
'Members of the polo subfamily of protein kinases play pivotal roles in cell-cycle control and proliferation. In addition to a high degree of sequence similarity in the kinase domain, polo kinases contain a strikingly conserved motif termed "polo-box" in the noncatalytic C-terminal domain. We have previously shown that the mammalian ... More
Regulation of vascular smooth muscle tone by N-terminal region of caldesmon. Possible role of tethering actin to myosin.
AuthorsLee YH, Gallant C, Guo H, Li Y, Wang CA, Morgan KG
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID10652307
'To assess the functional significance of tethering actin to myosin by caldesmon in the regulation of smooth muscle contraction, we investigated the effects of synthetic peptides, containing the myosin-binding sequences in the N-terminal region of caldesmon, on force directly recorded from single permeabilized smooth muscle cells of ferret portal vein. ... More
The SPA2 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is important for pheromone-induced morphogenesis and efficient mating.
AuthorsGehrung S, Snyder M
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID2211820
'Upon exposure to mating pheromone, Saccharomyces cerevisiae undergoes cellular differentiation to form a morphologically distinct cell called a "shmoo". Double staining experiments revealed that both the SPA2 protein and actin localize to the shmoo tip which is the site of polarized cell growth. Actin concentrates as spots throughout the shmoo ... More
Rac1 inhibits myogenic differentiation by preventing the complete withdrawal of myoblasts from the cell cycle.
AuthorsHeller H, Gredinger E, Bengal E
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID11489882
'The small GTPase protein Rac1 is involved in a wide range of biological processes, yet its role in cell differentiation is mostly unknown. Here we show that Rac1 activity is high in proliferating myoblasts and decreases during the differentiation process. To analyze the involvement of Rac1 in muscle differentiation, different ... More
Regulation of a calcium-dependent tyrosine kinase in vascular smooth muscle cells by angiotensin II and platelet-derived growth factor. Dependence on calcium and the actin cytoskeleton.
AuthorsBrinson AE, Harding T, Diliberto PA, He Y, Li X, Hunter D, Herman B, Earp HS, Graves LM
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID9430717
'A novel, p125FAK homologue, CADTK, has been detected in neural, epithelial, or hematopoietic cells but not in fibroblasts. We now demonstrate CADTK expression in a mesenchymal cell, rat aortic smooth muscle cells (RSMC). Angiotensin II (Ang II) or platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF-BB and PDGF-AA) markedly stimulated CADTK tyrosine phosphorylation in ... More
Conformation, localization, and integrin binding of talin depend on its interaction with phosphoinositides.
AuthorsMartel V, Racaud-Sultan C, Dupe S, Marie C, Paulhe F, Galmiche A, Block MR, Albiges-Rizo C
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID11279249
'Talin is a structural component of focal adhesion sites and is thought to be engaged in multiple protein interactions at the cytoplasmic face of cell/matrix contacts. Talin is a major link between integrin and the actin cytoskeleton and was shown to play an important role in focal adhesion assembly. Consistent ... More
Modulation of the F-actin cytoskeleton by c-Abl tyrosine kinase in cell spreading and neurite extension.
AuthorsWoodring PJ, Litwack ED, O'Leary DD, Lucero GR, Wang JY, Hunter T
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID11864995
'The nonreceptor tyrosine kinase encoded by the c-Abl gene has the unique feature of an F-actin binding domain (FABD). Purified c-Abl tyrosine kinase is inhibited by F-actin, and this inhibition can be relieved through mutation of its FABD. The c-Abl kinase is activated by physiological signals that also regulate the ... More
Ras family GTPases control growth of astrocyte processes.
AuthorsKalman D, Gomperts SN, Hardy S, Kitamura M, Bishop JM
JournalMol Biol Cell
PubMed ID10233170
'Astrocytes in neuron-free cultures typically lack processes, although they are highly process-bearing in vivo. We show that basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) induces cultured astrocytes to grow processes and that Ras family GTPases mediate these morphological changes. Activated alleles of rac1 and rhoA blocked and reversed bFGF effects when introduced ... More
Activation of ARF6 by ARNO stimulates epithelial cell migration through downstream activation of both Rac1 and phospholipase D.
AuthorsSanty LC, Casanova JE
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID11481345
'Migration of epithelial cells is essential for tissue morphogenesis, wound healing, and metastasis of epithelial tumors. Here we show that ARNO, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF) GTPases, induces Madin-Darby canine kidney epithelial cells to develop broad lamellipodia, to separate from neighboring cells, and to exhibit a ... More
Identification of a novel signal in the cytoplasmic tail of the Na+:HCO3- cotransporter NBC1 that mediates basolateral targeting.
AuthorsLi HC, Li EY, Neumeier L, Conforti L, Soleimani M,
JournalAm J Physiol Renal Physiol
PubMed ID17182531
'The Na(+):HCO(3)(-) cotransporter NBC1 (SLC4A4, variant A, kidney specific) is located exclusively on the basolateral membrane of epithelial cells, implying that this molecule has acquired specific signals for targeting to the basolateral membrane. A motif with the sequence QQPFLS (positions 1010-1015) in the cytoplasmic tail of NBC1 was recently demonstrated ... More
Assembly of a fibronectin matrix by adherent platelets stimulated by lysophosphatidic acid and other agonists.
AuthorsOlorundare OE, Peyruchaud O, Albrecht RM, Mosher DF
JournalBlood
PubMed ID11418470
'Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) are agonists of the endothelial differentiation gene (Edg) family of G-protein-coupled receptors. LPA and S1P are generated by platelet activation during blood coagulation. Both lipids induce assembly of exogenous fibronectin (FN) by fibroblasts. This study examined whether LPA and S1P stimulate binding and assembly ... More
The telomeric poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, tankyrase 1, contains multiple binding sites for telomeric repeat binding factor 1 (TRF1) and a novel acceptor, 182-kDa tankyrase-binding protein (TAB182).
AuthorsSeimiya H, Smith S
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID11854288
'Tankyrase 1, a human telomeric poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, was originally identified through its interaction with TRF1, a negative regulator of telomere length. Tankyrase 1 ADP-ribosylates TRF1 in vitro, and its overexpression induces telomere elongation in human cancer cells. In addition to its telomeric localization, tankyrase 1 resides at multiple subcellular sites, ... More
Elucidation of Smad requirement in transforming growth factor-beta type I receptor-induced responses.
AuthorsItoh S, Thorikay M, Kowanetz M, Moustakas A, Itoh F, Heldin CH, ten Dijke P
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID12446693
'Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) elicits cellular effects by activating specific Smad proteins that control the transcription of target genes. Whereas there is growing evidence that there are TGF-beta type I receptor-initiated intracellular pathways that are distinct from the pivotal Smad pathway, their physiological importance in TGF-beta signaling is not well ... More
The expression of mutant epidermal keratin cDNAs transfected in simple epithelial and squamous cell carcinoma lines.
AuthorsAlbers K, Fuchs E
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID2442174
'We have deleted cDNA sequences encoding portions of the carboxy-terminal end of a human type I epidermal keratin K14, and examined the molecular consequences of forcing the expression of these mutants in simple epithelial and squamous cell carcinoma lines. To follow the expression of our mutant products in transfected cells, ... More
Reactive oxygen species production via NADPH oxidase mediates TGF-beta-induced cytoskeletal alterations in endothelial cells.
AuthorsHu T, Ramachandrarao SP, Siva S, Valancius C, Zhu Y, Mahadev K, Toh I, Goldstein BJ, Woolkalis M, Sharma K
JournalAm J Physiol Renal Physiol
PubMed ID16159901
'Cytoskeletal alterations in endothelial cells have been linked to nitric oxide generation and cell-cell interactions. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta has been described to affect cytoskeletal rearrangement in numerous cell types; however, the underlying pathway is unclear. In the present study, we found that human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) have ... More
Rapid capping in alpha-spectrin-deficient MEL cells from mice afflicted with hereditary hemolytic anemia.
AuthorsDahl SC, Geib RW, Fox MT, Edidin M, Branton D
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID8195289
'A spectrin-based membrane skeleton is important for the stability and organization of the erythrocyte. To study the role of spectrin in cells that possess complex cytoskeletons, we have generated alpha-spectrin-deficient erythroleukemia cell lines from sph/sph mice. These cells contain beta-spectrin, but lack alpha-spectrin as determined by immunoblot and Northern blot ... More
Phosphorylation of tyrosine 291 enhances the ability of WASp to stimulate actin polymerization and filopodium formation. Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome protein.
AuthorsCory GO, Garg R, Cramer R, Ridley AJ
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID12235133
'Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome protein (WASp) is a key regulator of the Arp2/3 complex and the actin cytoskeleton in hematopoietic cells. WASp is capable of forming an auto-inhibited conformation, which can be disrupted by binding of Cdc42 and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate, leading to its activation. Stimulation of the collagen receptor on platelets and ... More
G(i)-mediated Cas tyrosine phosphorylation in vascular endothelial cells stimulated with sphingosine 1-phosphate: possible involvement in cell motility enhancement in cooperation with Rho-mediated pathways.
AuthorsOhmori T, Yatomi Y, Okamoto H, Miura Y, Rile G, Satoh K, Ozaki Y
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID11056155
'Since blood platelets release sphingosine 1-phosphate (Sph-1-P) upon activation, it is important to examine the effects of this bioactive lipid on vascular endothelial cell functions from the viewpoint of platelet-endothelial cell interactions. In the present study, we examined Sph-1-P-stimulated signaling pathways related to human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) motility, ... More
Regulation of melanosome movement in the cell cycle by reversible association with myosin V.
AuthorsRogers SL, Karcher RL, Roland JT, Minin AA, Steffen W, Gelfand VI
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID10491390
'Previously, we have shown that melanosomes of Xenopus laevis melanophores are transported along both microtubules and actin filaments in a coordinated manner, and that myosin V is bound to purified melanosomes (Rogers, S., and V.I. Gelfand. 1998. Curr. Biol. 8:161-164). In the present study, we have demonstrated that myosin V ... More
Simultaneous visualization of G- and F-actin in endothelial cells.
AuthorsHaugland RP, You W, Paragas VB, Wells KS, DuBose DA
JournalJ Histochem Cytochem
PubMed ID8308251
'We developed site-specific fluorescent probes that permit simultaneous microscopic observation of G- and F-actin in bovine endothelial cells. G-actin distribution was visualized with fluorescein-deoxyribonuclease I (DNAse I). F-actin was labeled with phalloidin conjugated to the new long-wavelength fluorophore BODIPY 581/591 (581-nm excitation, 591-nm emission), which is spectrally similar to Texas ... More
Role of cofilin in epidermal growth factor-stimulated actin polymerization and lamellipod protrusion.
AuthorsChan AY, Bailly M, Zebda N, Segall JE, Condeelis JS
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID10662778
'Stimulation of metastatic MTLn3 cells with epidermal growth factor (EGF) causes a rapid and transient increase in actin nucleation activity resulting from the appearance of free barbed ends at the extreme leading edge of extending lamellipods. To investigate the role of cofilin in EGF-stimulated actin polymerization and lamellipod extension in ... More
Differential responses to nerve growth factor and epidermal growth factor in neurite outgrowth of PC12 cells are determined by Rac1 activation systems.
AuthorsYasui H, Katoh H, Yamaguchi Y, Aoki J, Fujita H, Mori K, Negishi M
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID11278419
'Neurite outgrowth of PC12 cells is induced by nerve growth factor (NGF) but not by epidermal growth factor (EGF). This differential response has been explained by the duration of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation; NGF induces sustained MAPK activation but EGF leads short-lived activation. However, precise mechanisms have not yet ... More
Long-term maintenance of presynaptic function in the absence of target muscle fibers.
AuthorsDunaevsky A, Connor EA
JournalJ Neurosci
PubMed ID7666196
'Here we have investigated the role of the muscle fiber in the maintenance of presynaptic function at frog motor nerve terminals. Muscle fibers were selectively damaged and prevented from regenerating while leaving the motor innervation intact. Presynaptic activity of the resulting target-deprived nerve terminals was assayed using the fluorescent dye, ... More
N-formylpeptide-receptor dynamics, cytoskeletal activation, and intracellular calcium response in human neutrophil cytoplasts.
AuthorsOmann GM, Swann WN, Oades ZG, Parkos CA, Jesaitis AJ, Sklar LA
JournalJ Immunol
PubMed ID2824606
'Cytoplasts (enucleated neutrophils which are depleted of dense granules) were prepared from human neutrophils with a modified procedure which employed dihydrocytochalasin B instead of cytochalasin B. These cytoplasts retained an activatable cytoskeletal network similar to cells in that filamentous actin polymerization in response to an N-formylpeptide (fluoresceinated N-formyl-nle-leu-phe-nle-tyr-lys, FLPEP) occurred ... More
A role for the extracellular signal-regulated kinase and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases in interleukin-1 beta-stimulated delayed signal tranducer and activator of transcription 3 activation, atrial natriuretic factor expression, and cardiac myocyte morphology.
AuthorsNg DC, Long CS, Bogoyevitch MA
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID11382751
'We have demonstrated that two hypertrophic agents, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) and leukemic inhibitory factor (LIF), altered cardiac myocyte morphology with striking similarity and prompted us to investigate the common actions of these cytokines. We compared the phosphorylation/activation of signal tranducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), extracellular signal-regulated kinase ... More
Syndecan-4 deficiency impairs focal adhesion formation only under restricted conditions.
AuthorsIshiguro K, Kadomatsu K, Kojima T, Muramatsu H, Tsuzuki S, Nakamura E, Kusugami K, Saito H, Muramatsu T
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID10681494
'Two domains of fibronectin deliver two different but cooperative signals required for focal adhesion formation. The signal from the cell-binding domain is mediated by integrins, whereas the signal from the heparin-binding domain is recognized by heparan sulfate proteoglycans, of which syndecan-4 has been hypothesized to be involved in focal adhesion ... More
Shear stress-induced endothelial cell polarization is mediated by Rho and Rac but not Cdc42 or PI 3-kinases.
AuthorsWojciak-Stothard B, Ridley AJ
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID12719476
'Shear stress induces endothelial polarization and migration in the direction of flow accompanied by extensive remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton. The GTPases RhoA, Rac1, and Cdc42 are known to regulate cell shape changes through effects on the cytoskeleton and cell adhesion. We show here that all three GTPases become rapidly ... More
Roles of Rho-associated kinase in cytokinesis; mutations in Rho-associated kinase phosphorylation sites impair cytokinetic segregation of glial filaments.
AuthorsYasui Y, Amano M, Nagata K, Inagaki N, Nakamura H, Saya H, Kaibuchi K, Inagaki M
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID9832553
'Rho-associated kinase (Rho-kinase), which is activated by the small GTPase Rho, regulates formation of stress fibers and focal adhesions, myosin fiber organization, and neurite retraction through the phosphorylation of cytoskeletal proteins, including myosin light chain, the ERM family proteins (ezrin, radixin, and moesin) and adducin. Rho-kinase was found to phosphorylate ... More
IQGAP1 Is a Component of Cdc42 Signaling to the Cytoskeleton.
Authors Swart-Mataraza Jennifer M; Li Zhigang; Sacks David B;
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID11948177
'The Ras-GAP related protein IQGAP1 binds several proteins, including actin, calmodulin, E-cadherin and the Rho family GTPase Cdc42. To gain insight into its in vivo function, IQGAP1 was overexpressed in mammalian cells. Transfection of IQGAP1 significantly increased the levels of active, GTP-bound Cdc42, resulting in the formation of peripheral actin ... More
Microtubule-associated movement of mitochondria and small particles in Acanthamoeba castellanii.
AuthorsBaumann O, Murphy DB
JournalCell Motil Cytoskeleton
PubMed ID8608609
'Using video-enhanced differential interference microscopy and digital image processing, we have observed organelle motility in Acanthamoeba castellanii. In amoebae taken from cultures in rapid growth phase, mitochondria and small particles moved over distances of several microns and at an average velocity of approximately 2 microns/s. Mitochondrial motility was verified by ... More
Dephosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and loss of focal contacts precede caspase-mediated cleavage of FAK during apoptosis in renal epithelial cells.
Authorsvan de Water B, Nagelkerke JF, Stevens JL
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID10224094
'The relationship between focal adhesion protein (FAK) activity and loss of cell-matrix contact during apoptosis is not entirely clear nor has the role of FAK in chemically induced apoptosis been studied. We investigated the status of FAK phosphorylation and cleavage in renal epithelial cells during apoptosis caused by the nephrotoxicant ... More
PAK-family kinases regulate cell and actin polarization throughout the cell cycle of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AuthorsHolly SP, Blumer KJ
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID10562285
'During the cell cycle of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the actin cytoskeleton and cell surface growth are polarized, mediating bud emergence, bud growth, and cytokinesis. We have determined whether p21-activated kinase (PAK)-family kinases regulate cell and actin polarization at one or several points during the yeast cell cycle. Inactivation of ... More
Purification of profilin from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and analysis of profilin-deficient cells.
AuthorsHaarer BK, Lillie SH, Adams AE, Magdolen V, Bandlow W, Brown SS
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID2404021
'We have isolated profilin from yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and have microsequenced a portion of the protein to confirm its identity; the region microsequenced agrees with the predicted amino acid sequence from a profilin gene recently isolated from S. cerevisiae (Magdolen, V., U. Oechsner, G. Müller, and W. Bandlow. 1988. Mol. ... More
E-cadherin is the receptor for internalin, a surface protein required for entry of L. monocytogenes into epithelial cells.
AuthorsMengaud J, Ohayon H, Gounon P, Mege R-M Cossart P
JournalCell
PubMed ID8601315
'We report the first identification of a cellular receptor mediating entry of a gram-positive bacterium into nonphagocytotic cells. By an affinity chromatography approach, we identified E-cadherin as the ligand for internalin, an L. monocytogenes protein essential for entry into epithelial cells. Expression of the chicken homolog of E-cadherin (L-CAM) in ... More
Differential expression and functions of cortical myosin IIA and IIB isotypes during meiotic maturation, fertilization, and mitosis in mouse oocytes and embryos.
AuthorsSimerly C, Nowak G, de Lanerolle P, Schatten G
JournalMol Biol Cell
PubMed ID9725909
'To explore the role of nonmuscle myosin II isoforms during mouse gametogenesis, fertilization, and early development, localization and microinjection studies were performed using monospecific antibodies to myosin IIA and IIB isotypes. Each myosin II antibody recognizes a 205-kDa protein in oocytes, but not mature sperm. Myosin IIA and IIB demonstrate ... More
An actin-binding protein of the Sla2/Huntingtin interacting protein 1 family is a novel component of clathrin-coated pits and vesicles.
AuthorsEngqvist-Goldstein AE, Kessels MM, Chopra VS, Hayden MR, Drubin DG
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID10613908
'The actin cytoskeleton has been implicated in endocytosis, yet few molecules that link these systems have been identified. Here, we have cloned and characterized mHip1R, a protein that is closely related to huntingtin interacting protein 1 (Hip1). These two proteins are mammalian homologues of Sla2p, an actin binding protein important ... More
pH regulation of the F-actin binding properties of Dictyostelium elongation factor 1 alpha.
AuthorsEdmonds BT, Murray J, Condeelis J
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID7797506
'ABP50, an F-actin bundling protein from Dictyostelium, is also the protein synthesis co-factor, elongation factor 1 alpha (EF1 alpha). Concomitant with cAMP stimulation in Dictyostelium is a cytoplasmic alkalinization (Aerts, R. J., DeWit, R. J. W., and Van Lookeren Campagne, M. M. (1987) FEBS Lett. 220, 366-370) and a redistribution ... More
Spectrin redistributes to the cytosol and is phosphorylated during mitosis in cultured cells.
AuthorsFowler VM, Adam EJ
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID1469048
'Dramatic changes in morphology and extensive reorganization of membrane-associated actin filaments take place during mitosis in cultured cells, including rounding up; appearance of numerous actin filament-containing microvilli and filopodia on the cell surface; and disassembly of intercellular and cell-substratum adhesions. We have examined the distribution and solubility of the membrane-associated ... More
Cytoskeletal control of centrioles movement during the establishment of polarity in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells.
AuthorsBuendia B, Bré MH, Griffiths G, Karsenti E
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID2108969
'The two centrioles that are localized close to each other and to the nucleus in single Madin-Darby Canine kidney cells (MDCK) move apart by distances as large as 13 microns after the establishment of extensive cellular junctions. Microfilaments, and possibly microtubules appear to be responsible for this separation. In fully ... More
Coordinate interactions of Csk, Src, and Syk kinases with [alpha]IIb[beta]3 initiate integrin signaling to the cytoskeleton.
AuthorsObergfell A, Eto K, Mocsai A, Buensuceso C, Moores SL, Brugge JS, Lowell CA, Shattil SJ
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID11940607
'Integrins regulate cell adhesion and motility through tyrosine kinases, but initiation of this process is poorly understood. We find here that Src associates constitutively with integrin alphaIIbbeta3 in platelets. Platelet adhesion to fibrinogen caused a rapid increase in alphaIIbbeta3-associated Src activity, and active Src localized to filopodia and cell edges. ... More
Distribution of microtubules and other cytoskeletal filaments during myotube elongation as revealed by fluorescence microscopy.
AuthorsSaitoh O, Arai T, Obinata T
JournalCell Tissue Res
PubMed ID3383210
'Distribution of microtubules and other cytoskeletal filaments in growing skeletal muscle cells (myotubes) was studied in vitro by fluorescence microscopy using fluorescin-labeled antibodies and phalloidin, a specific antiactin drug. In the distal elongating tips of myotubes, microtubules were the major cytoskeletal elements; actin and intermediate filaments were much less abundant. ... More
Localization of a heterotrimeric G protein gamma subunit to focal adhesions and associated stress fibers.
AuthorsHansen CA, Schroering AG, Carey DJ, Robishaw JD
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID8045942
'Signal transducing heterotrimeric G proteins are responsible for coupling a large number of cell surface receptors to the appropriate effector(s). Of the three subunits, 16 alpha, 4 beta, and 5 gamma subunits have been characterized, indicating a potential for over 300 unique combinations of heterotrimeric G proteins. To begin deciphering ... More
Abnormal migration phenotype of mitogen-activated protein kinase-activated protein kinase 2-/- neutrophils in Zigmond chambers containing formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine gradients.
AuthorsHannigan MO, Zhan L, Ai Y, Kotlyarov A, Gaestel M, Huang CK
JournalJ Immunol
PubMed ID11564814
'Time-lapsed video microscopy and confocal imaging were used to study the migration of wild-type (WT) and mitogen-activated protein kinase-activated protein kinase 2 (MK2-/-) mouse neutrophils in Zigmond chambers containing fMLP gradients. Confocal images of polarized WT neutrophils showed an intracellular gradient of phospho-MK2 from the anterior to the posterior region ... More
G protein betagamma subunits induce stress fiber formation and focal adhesion assembly in a Rho-dependent manner in HeLa cells.
AuthorsUeda H, Itoh H, Yamauchi J, Morishita R, Kaziro Y, Kato K, Asano T
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID10636914
'In fibroblasts, the G protein alpha subunits Galpha(12) and Galpha(13) stimulate Rho-dependent stress fiber formation and focal adhesion assembly, whereas G protein betagamma subunits instead exert a disruptive influence. We show here that the latter can, however, stimulate the formation of stress fibers and focal adhesions in epithelial-like HeLa cells. ... More
Critical activities of Rac1 and Cdc42Hs in skeletal myogenesis: antagonistic effects of JNK and p38 pathways.
AuthorsMeriane M, Roux P, Primig M, Fort P, Gauthier-Rouvière C
JournalMol Biol Cell
PubMed ID10930450
'The Rho family of GTP-binding proteins plays a critical role in a variety of cellular processes, including cytoskeletal reorganization and activation of kinases such as p38 and C-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) MAPKs. We report here that dominant negative forms of Rac1 and Cdc42Hs inhibit the expression of the muscle-specific genes ... More
Talin and vinculin play distinct roles in filopodial motility in the neuronal growth cone.
AuthorsSydor AM, Su AL, Wang FS, Xu A, Jay DG
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID8794861
'Filopodial motility is critical for many biological processes, particularly for axon guidance. This motility is based on altering the F-actin-based cytoskeleton, but the mechanisms of how this occurs and the actin-associated proteins that function in this process remain unclear. We investigated two of these proteins found in filopodia, talin and ... More
Syk tyrosine kinase is required for immunoreceptor tyrosine activation motif-dependent actin assembly.
AuthorsCox D, Chang P, Kurosaki T, Greenberg S
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID8663235
'Clustering of several multisubunit receptors on hematopoetic cells results in a signaling cascade involving the phosphorylation of immunoreceptor tyrosine activation motifs, or "ITAMs," and actin polymerization. Recent experiments indicate that direct clustering of the ITAM-binding protein, p72(syk) (Syk), is capable of transmitting a phagocytic signal in COS cells (Greenberg, S., ... More
Colocalization and redistribution of dishevelled and actin during Wnt-induced mesenchymal morphogenesis.
AuthorsTorres MA, Nelson WJ
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID10871283
'Activation of the Wnt signaling pathway is important for induction of gene expression and cell morphogenesis throughout embryonic development. We examined the subcellular localization of dishevelled, the immediate downstream component from the Wnt receptor, in the embryonic mouse kidney. Using immunofluorescence staining, confocal microscopy, and coimmunoprecipitation experiments, we show that ... More
Rac mediates cytoskeletal rearrangements and increased cell motility induced by urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor binding to vitronectin.
AuthorsKjøller L, Hall A
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID11257116
'The urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) is involved in the regulation of cell motility in a variety of cell types. We show here that expression of human uPAR in growing murine fibroblasts leads to a dramatic reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton. uPAR expression induces multiple rapidly advancing protrusions that resemble ... More
Reorganization of cytoplasmic structures during cell fusion.
AuthorsZheng QA, Chang DC
JournalJ Cell Sci
PubMed ID1808197
'In order to provide a better understanding of the dynamic process of cell fusion, we studied the reorganization of cytoplasmic structures in electro-fused CV-1 cells. Using fluorescence microscopy and double staining methods, we examined correlations between the structural patterns of the major cytoskeletal proteins (microtubules, actin and vimentin intermediate filaments) ... More
Protein kinase Calpha activates c-Src and induces podosome formation via AFAP-110.
AuthorsGatesman A, Walker VG, Baisden JM, Weed SA, Flynn DC
JournalMol Cell Biol
PubMed ID15314167
'We report that the actin filament-associated protein AFAP-110 is required to mediate protein kinase Calpha (PKCalpha) activation of the nonreceptor tyrosine kinase c-Src and the subsequent formation of podosomes. Immunofluorescence analysis demonstrated that activation of PKCalpha by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), or ectopic expression of constitutively activated PKCalpha, directs AFAP-110 ... More
N-cadherin-dependent cell-cell contact regulates Rho GTPases and beta-catenin localization in mouse C2C12 myoblasts.
AuthorsCharrasse S, Meriane M, Comunale F, Blangy A, Gauthier-Rouvière C
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID12213839
'N-cadherin, a member of the Ca(2+)-dependent cell-cell adhesion molecule family, plays an essential role in skeletal muscle cell differentiation. We show that inhibition of N-cadherin-dependent adhesion impairs the upregulation of the two cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p21 and p27, the expression of the muscle-specific genes myogenin and troponin T, and C2C12 ... More
Restricted tissue distribution of a 37-kD possible adherens junction protein.
AuthorsChiu ML, Jones JC, O'Keefe EJ
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID1469056
'A major polypeptide of M(r) 37,000 was purified from a desmosome-enriched citric acid-insoluble pellet of pig tongue epithelium. The polypeptide was solubilized from the 4-M urea-insoluble pellet with 9 M urea, and extracts were separated by carboxymethyl cellulose and gel filtration chromatography. The 37-kD protein was obtained in milligram quantities ... More
[D-Arg(1),D-Trp(5,7,9),Leu(11)]Substance P inhibits bombesin-induced mitogenic signal transduction mediated by both G(q) and G(12) in Swiss 3T3cells.
AuthorsSinnett-Smith J, Santiskulvong C, Duque J, Rozengurt E
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID10880515
'Substance P (SP) analogues including [d-Arg(1),d-Trp(5,7,9), Leu(11)]SP are broad spectrum neuropeptide antagonists and potential anticancer agents, but their mechanism of action is not fully understood. Here, we examined the mechanism of action of [d-Arg(1), d-Trp(5,7,9),Leu(11)]SP as an inhibitor of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR)-mediated signal transduction and cellular DNA synthesis in ... More
The platelet cytoskeleton regulates the affinity of the integrin alpha(IIb)beta(3) for fibrinogen.
AuthorsBennett JS, Zigmond S, Vilaire G, Cunningham ME, Bednar B
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID10464255
'Agonist-generated inside-out signals enable the platelet integrin alpha(IIb)beta(3) to bind soluble ligands such as fibrinogen. We found that inhibiting actin polymerization in unstimulated platelets with cytochalasin D or latrunculin A mimics the effects of platelet agonists by inducing fibrinogen binding to alpha(IIb)beta(3). By contrast, stabilizing actin filaments with jasplakinolide prevented ... More
Axonal transport of mitochondria along microtubules and F-actin in living vertebrate neurons.
AuthorsMorris RL, Hollenbeck PJ
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID8522592
'A large body of evidence indicates that microtubules (MTs) conduct organelle transport in axons, but recent studies on extruded squid axoplasm have suggested that actin microfilaments (MFs) may also play a role in this process. To investigate the separate contributions to transport of each class of cytoskeletal element in intact ... More
Activation of cdc42, rac, PAK, and rho-kinase in response to hepatocyte growth factor differentially regulates epithelial cell colony spreading and dissociation.
AuthorsRoyal I, Lamarche-Vane N, Lamorte L, Kaibuchi K, Park M
JournalMol Biol Cell
PubMed ID10793146
'Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), the ligand for the Met receptor tyrosine kinase, is a potent modulator of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and dispersal of epithelial cells, processes that play crucial roles in tumor development, invasion, and metastasis. Little is known about the Met-dependent proximal signals that regulate these events. We show that ... More
Three-dimensional resolution doubling in wide-field fluorescence microscopy by structured illumination.
AuthorsGustafsson MG, Shao L, Carlton PM, Wang CJ, Golubovskaya IN, Cande WZ, Agard DA, Sedat JW,
JournalBiophys J
PubMed ID18326650
'Structured illumination microscopy is a method that can increase the spatial resolution of wide-field fluorescence microscopy beyond its classical limit by using spatially structured illumination light. Here we describe how this method can be applied in three dimensions to double the axial as well as the lateral resolution, with true ... More
Association of the Ste20-like kinase (SLK) with the microtubule. Role in Rac1-mediated regulation of actin dynamics during cell adhesion and spreading.
AuthorsWagner S, Flood TA, O'Reilly P, Hume K, Sabourin LA
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID12151406
'Cytoskeletal remodeling events are tightly regulated by signal transduction systems that impinge on adhesion components and modulators of cellular architecture. We have previously shown that the Ste20-like kinase (SLK) can induce apoptosis through the induction of actin disassembly and cellular retraction (Sabourin, L. A., Tamai, K., Seale, P., Wagner, J., ... More
Myosin is involved in postmitotic cell spreading.
AuthorsCramer LP, Mitchison TJ
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID7559774
'We have investigated a role for myosin in postmitotic Potoroo tridactylis kidney (PtK2) cell spreading by inhibitor studies, time-lapse video microscopy, and immunofluorescence. We have also determined the spatial organization and polarity of actin filaments in postmitotic spreading cells. We show that butanedione monoxime (BDM), a known inhibitor of muscle ... More
Regulated tyrosine phosphorylation at the tips of growth cone filopodia.
AuthorsWu DY, Goldberg DJ
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID7693715
'Several types of evidence suggest that protein-tyrosine phosphorylation is important during the growth of neuronal processes, but few specific roles, or subcellular localizations suggestive of such roles, have been defined. We report here a localization of tyrosine-phosphorylated protein at the tips of growth cone filopodia. Immunocytochemistry using a mAb to ... More
Cadherins mediate intercellular mechanical signaling in fibroblasts by activation of stretch-sensitive calcium-permeable channels.
AuthorsKo KS, Arora PD, McCulloch CA
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID11466312
'Cells in mechanically active environments form extensive, cadherin-mediated intercellular junctions that are important in tissue remodeling and differentiation. Currently, it is unknown whether adherens junctions in connective tissue fibroblasts transmit mechanical signals and coordinate multicellular adaptations to physical forces. We hypothesized that cadherins mediate intercellular mechanotransduction by activating calcium-permeable, stretch-sensitive ... More
Release of myosin II from the membrane-cytoskeleton of Dictyostelium discoideum mediated by heavy-chain phosphorylation at the foci within the cortical actin network.
AuthorsYumura S, Kitanishi-Yumura T
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID1607385
'Membrane-cytoskeletons were prepared from Dictyostelium amebas, and networks of actin and myosin II filaments were visualized on the exposed cytoplasmic surfaces of the cell membranes by fluorescence staining (Yumura, S., and T. Kitanishi-Yumura. 1990. Cell Struct. Funct. 15:355-364). Addition of ATP caused contraction of the cytoskeleton with aggregation of part ... More
The Caenorhabditis elegans unc-78 gene encodes a homologue of actin-interacting protein 1 required for organized assembly of muscle actin filaments.
AuthorsOno S
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID11257131
'Assembly and maintenance of myofibrils require dynamic regulation of the actin cytoskeleton. In Caenorhabditis elegans, UNC-60B, a muscle-specific actin depolymerizing factor (ADF)/cofilin isoform, is required for proper actin filament assembly in body wall muscle (Ono, S., D.L. Baillie, and G.M. Benian. 1999. J. Cell Biol. 145:491--502). Here, I show that ... More
Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase II and calcineurin play critical roles in endothelin-1-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.
AuthorsZhu W, Zou Y, Shiojima I, Kudoh S, Aikawa R, Hayashi D, Mizukami M, Toko H, Shibasaki F, Yazaki Y, Nagai R, Komuro I
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID10809760
'Endothelin-1 (ET-1) induces cardiac hypertrophy. Because Ca(2+) is a major second messenger of ET-1, the role of Ca(2+) in ET-1-induced hypertrophic responses in cultured cardiac myocytes of neonatal rats was examined. ET-1 activated the promoter of the beta-type myosin heavy chain gene (beta-MHC) (-354 to +34 base pairs) by about ... More
A marginal band-associated protein has properties of both microtubule- and microfilament-associated proteins.
AuthorsBirgbauer E, Solomon F
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID2677023
'The marginal band of nucleated erythrocytes is a microtubule organelle under rigorous quantitative and spatial control, with properties quite different from those of the microtubule organelles of cultured cells. Previous results suggest that proteins other than tubulin may participate in organizing the marginal band, and may interact with elements of ... More