pHrodo™ Green E. coli BioParticles™ Conjugate for Phagocytosis
pHrodo&trade; Green <i>E. coli</i> BioParticles&trade; Conjugate for Phagocytosis
Invitrogen™

pHrodo™ Green E. coli BioParticles™ Conjugate for Phagocytosis

Achieve faster staining and more accurate results without the need for wash steps or quencher dye with pH-sensitive pHrodo GreenRead more
Have Questions?
Catalog NumberQuantity
P353665 x 2 mg
Catalog number P35366
Price (MXN)
-
Quantity:
5 x 2 mg

Achieve faster staining and more accurate results without the need for wash steps or quencher dye with pH-sensitive pHrodo Green E. coli BioParticles Conjugate for Phagocytosis. This dye-bioparticle conjugate provides faster and more accurate results than any other dye-bioparticle conjugate and has reduced signal variability and improved timing in sensitive experiments. pHrodo Green dye conjugates are non-fluorescent outside the cell, but fluoresce bright green in phagosomes, specifically detecting intracellular phagocytosis and endocytosis. The pHrodo Green E. coli BioParticles Conjugate can also be multiplexed with a wide variety of blue, red, and far-red dyes reporters such as Mitosox Red, CellEvent Caspase 3/7 Red, NucBlue, RFPs, and Mitotracker Deep Red, among many others.

The fluorescence of the novel pHrodo Green dye dramatically increases as pH decreases from neutral to acidic, making it an ideal tool to study phagocytosis and its regulation by drugs and/or environmental factors. The lack of fluorescence outside the cell eliminates the need for wash steps and quencher dyes.

Use the ready-made pHrodo Green E. coli BioParticles Conjugate in imaging, high content screening, high throughput screening, and flow applications. Enough reagent is provided to perform 100 tests when using 100 μL in each well of a 96-well plate. The pHrodo Green dye is also available as a conjugate of zymosan BioParticles, S. aureus BioParticles, or dextran 10,000 MW. To create other conjugates, such as antibody conjugates, use pHrodo Green STP ester or pHrodo Green maleimide.

See User Manual for solubility instructions.

For Research Use Only. Not for human or animal therapeutic or diagnostic use.
Specifications
Cell TypeMammalian
DescriptionpHrodo™ Green E. coli BioParticles™ Conjugate for Phagocytosis
Detection MethodFluorescence
Dye TypepHrodo™ Green
Excitation/Emission509/533
FormSolid
Quantity5 x 2 mg
Shipping ConditionRoom Temperature
SpeciesE. coli
ColorGreen
For Use With (Application)Cell Analysis
For Use With (Equipment)Attune Acoustic Focusing Cytometer, Confocal Microscope, Floid Cell Imaging System, Fluorescence Microscope, High Content Analysis Instrument
Product LinepHrodo
Product TypeConjugate
Unit SizeEach
Contents & Storage
Store at -20°C, desiccate, and protect from light.

Frequently asked questions (FAQs)

I am performing a phagocytosis assay of macrophages engulfing pHrodo-labeled bacteria. What do you recommend for fixation after the phagocytosis?

pHrodo is relatively non-fluorescent until it enters the acidic phagosome, at which point its fluorescence increases. If you fix the sample, the pHrodo will only reflect the pH of the buffer the cells are in, and not the pH of the phagosome. For this reason, we do not recommend fixing samples. If you want to see how many cells engulfed the labeled bacteria, fix the cells and then place the fixed cells in an acidic buffer for the assay.

Find additional tips, troubleshooting help, and resources within our Cell Analysis Support Center.

Can I store reconstituted pHrodo BioParticles Conjugates for Phagocytosis and Phagocytosis Kit, for Flow Cytometry?

Yes. Once reconstituted, pHrodo BioParticles Conjugates for Phagocytosis and Phagocytosis Kit, for Flow Cytometry (Cat. Nos. P35367, P35361, P35360, P35366, P35364, P35365, A10010) can be stored at 2 - 8 degrees C for several weeks, as long as sodium azide is added to a final concentration of 2 mM. If no sodium azide is added, the cell suspension needs to be used right away or on the same day to avoid contamination. DO NOT FREEZE the resuspended pHrodo bioparticle conjugates.

Find additional tips, troubleshooting help, and resources within our Cell Analysis Support Center.

How many bioparticles are provided in pHrodo Green E. coli BioParticles Conjugate for Phagocytosis (Cat. No. P35366)?

pHrodo Green E. coli BioParticles Conjugate for Phagocytosis (Cat. No. P35366) contains ~3 x 108 bioparticles/mg bioparticles before conjugation. We do not count the number of bioparticles after conjugation.

Find additional tips, troubleshooting help, and resources within our Cell Analysis Support Center.

Are the Invitrogen BioParticles products sterile?

While the bacteria have been attenuated with formaldehyde and alcohol desiccation, the BioParticles products are not considered sterile, and we do not recommend incubation of more than 4 hours. This applies to all of our dye-labeled (pHrodo, Alexa Fluor, etc.) and unlabeled BioParticles products.

What is the type of bond that attaches the dyes to the BioParticles probes?

We use amine-reactive dyes to covalently attach fluorescent dyes to all of our BioParticles probes such as the Escherichia coli (K-12 strain) BioParticles probes, Staphylococcus aureus (Wood strain without protein A) BioParticles, and the Zymosan A (S. cerevisiae) BioParticles probes.

Find additional tips, troubleshooting help, and resources within our Cell Analysis Support Center.

Citations & References (19)

Citations & References
Abstract
A Review of Reagents for Fluorescence Microscopy of Cellular Compartments and Structures, Part I: BacMam Labeling and Reagents for Vesicular Structures.
Authors:Dolman NJ, Kilgore JA, Davidson MW,
Journal:
PubMed ID:23835803
'Fluorescent labeling of vesicular structures in cultured cells, particularly for live cells, can be challenging for a number of reasons. The first challenge is to identify a reagent that will be specific enough where some structures have a number of potential reagents and others very few options. The emergence of ... More
TREM2 mutations implicated in neurodegeneration impair cell surface transport and phagocytosis.
Authors:Kleinberger G, Yamanishi Y, Suárez-Calvet M, Czirr E, Lohmann E, Cuyvers E, Struyfs H, Pettkus N, Wenninger-Weinzierl A, Mazaheri F, Tahirovic S, Lleó A, Alcolea D, Fortea J, Willem M, Lammich S, Molinuevo JL, Sánchez-Valle R, Antonell A, Ramirez A, Heneka MT, Sleegers K, van der Zee J, Martin JJ, Engelborghs S, Demirtas-Tatlidede A, Zetterberg H, Van Broeckhoven C, Gurvit H, Wyss-Coray T, Hardy J, Colonna M, Haass C,
Journal:
PubMed ID:24990881
'Genetic variants in the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) have been linked to Nasu-Hakola disease, Alzheimer''s disease (AD), Parkinson''s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and FTD-like syndrome without bone involvement. TREM2 is an innate immune receptor preferentially expressed by microglia and is involved in inflammation ... More
P2X4 receptor regulates alcohol-induced responses in microglia.
Authors:Gofman L, Cenna JM, Potula R
Journal:
PubMed ID:25135400
'Mounting evidence indicates that alcohol-induced neuropathology may result from multicellular responses in which microglia cells play a prominent role. Purinergic receptor signaling plays a key role in regulating microglial function and, more importantly, mediates alcohol-induced effects. Our findings demonstrate that alcohol increases expression of P2X4 receptor (P2X4R), which alters the ... More
Induction of trabecular meshwork cells from induced pluripotent stem cells.
Authors:Ding QJ, Zhu W, Cook AC, Anfinson KR, Tucker BA, Kuehn MH
Journal:
PubMed ID:25298418
Loss or dysfunction of trabecular meshwork (TM) cells has been associated with the development of pathologically elevated IOP, and it is conceivable that replacement of damaged TM cells could restore function to the TM. We propose that the use of TM-like cells derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) created ... More
Pathogenic bacterial species associated with endodontic infection evade innate immune control by disabling neutrophils.
Authors:Matsui A, Jin JO, Johnston CD, Yamazaki H, Houri-Haddad Y, Rittling SR,
Journal:
PubMed ID:25024367
Endodontic infections, in which oral bacteria access the tooth pulp chamber, are common and do not resolve once established. To investigate the effects of these infections on the innate immune response, we established a mouse subcutaneous chamber model, where a mixture of four oral pathogens commonly associated with these infections ... More