DiIC₁₂(3) (1,1'-Didodecyl-3,3,3',3'-Tetramethylindocarbocyanine Perchlorate)

DiIC<sub>12</sub>(3) (1,1'-Didodecyl-3,3,3',3'-Tetramethylindocarbocyanine Perchlorate)

Citations & References (53)

Invitrogen™

DiIC₁₂(3) (1,1'-Didodecyl-3,3,3',3'-Tetramethylindocarbocyanine Perchlorate)

The red-orange fluorescent, lipophilic carbocyanine DiIC12(3) is a shorter-chain DiI (DiIC18(3)) analog that may incorporate into membranes more easily thanRead more

Catalog Number	Quantity
D383	100 mg

Catalog number D383

Price (JPY)

93,400

Quantity:

100 mg

The red-orange fluorescent, lipophilic carbocyanine DiIC₁₂(3) is a shorter-chain DiI (DiIC₁₈(3)) analog that may incorporate into membranes more easily than DiI. It is weakly fluorescent in water but highly fluorescent and quite photostable when incorporated into membranes. It has an extremely high extinction coefficient and short excited-state lifetimes (∼1 nanosecond) in lipid environments. Once applied to cells, the dye diffuses laterally within the plasma membrane.

For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures.

Specifications

ColorYellow

Detection MethodFluorescence

For Use With (Equipment)Fluorescence Microscope

Quantity100 mg

Shipping ConditionRoom Temperature

Product TypeLiphophilic Tracer

SubCellular LocalizationCell Membranes, Lipids

Unit SizeEach

Contents & Storage

Store at room temperature and protect from light.

Frequently asked questions (FAQs)

I stained my cells with a lipophilic cyanine dye, like DiI, but the signal was lost when I tried to follow up with antibody labeling. Why?

Since these dyes insert into lipid membranes, any disruption of the membranes leads to loss of the dye. This includes permeabilization with detergents like Triton X-100 or organic solvents like methanol. Permeabilization is necessary for intracellular antibody labeling, leading to loss of the dye. Instead, a reactive dye such as CFDA SE should be used to allow for covalent attachment to cellular components, thus providing for better retention upon fixation and permeabilization.

Find additional tips, troubleshooting help, and resources within our Cell Analysis Support Center.

How long does it take for lipophlic tracers to transport along the membrane? How much faster are the FAST lipophilic dyes?

The transport is fairly slow, around 6 mm/day in live tissue and slower in fixed tissue, so diffusion of lipophilic carbocyanine tracers from the point of their application to the terminus of a neuron can take several days to weeks The FAST DiO and DiI analogs (which have unsaturated alkyl tails) can improve transport rate by around 50%.

Find additional tips, troubleshooting help, and resources within our Cell Analysis Support Center.

Which form of the lipophilic tracers (DiO, DiI, DiD, etc) should I use?

Select the dye that is compatible with your available excitation source(s) and emission filter set/channels. The solid, paste and crystal forms can be applied directly to neurons in tissues. For labeling cells in culture or microinjection, the lipophilic dyes in solution or solid form can be used.

Find additional tips, troubleshooting help, and resources within our Cell Analysis Support Center.

I want to label two cell populations and then perform a cell fusion assay. Which reagents are best for imaging this?

Lipophilic cyanine dyes are preferred for this sort of assay, since they insert into cellular membranes and then, upon fusion, are shared by the fused cells as the membranes are shared. For example, one cell population can be labeled with DiI (orange-red) and another cell population can be labeled with DiO (green), and when the cells fuse, the combined color appears yellow (when imaged with a dual-bandpass filter set).

Find additional tips, troubleshooting help, and resources within our Cell Analysis Support Center.

I want to track my cells with a nucleic acid stain, like DAPI or Hoechst dye. Do you recommend this?

This is not recommended. When these stains bind to DNA and RNA, they may affect the normal function of the nucleic acids, disrupting transcription, as well as replication. Other reagents, such as CellTracker dyes or Qtracker reagents are more optimized for tracking without disrupting normal activity. If a nuclear label is still desired, though, and the cells are mammalian and non-hematopoietic, CellLight nuclear reagents can transiently transfect cells to express GFP or RFP on a nuclear-expressing protein for up to several days without affecting function.

Find additional tips, troubleshooting help, and resources within our Cell Tracing and Tracking Support Center.

View all DiIC₁₂(3) (1,1'-Didodecyl-3,3,3',3'-Tetramethylindocarbocyanine Perchlorate) FAQs

Citations & References (53)

Citations & References

Abstract

Authors:

Journal:

PubMed ID:10404414

Reticulated lipid probe fluorescence reveals MDCK cell apical membrane topography.

Authors:Colarusso P, Spring KR

Journal:Biophys J

PubMed ID:11806917

High spatial resolution confocal microscopy of young MDCK cells stained with the lipophilic probe 1,1'-dihexadecyl-3,3,3',3'- tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate (DiIC(16)) revealed a reticulated fluorescence pattern on the apical membrane. DiIC(16) was delivered as crystals to live cells to minimize possible solvent perturbations of the membrane lipids. The ratio of the integrated fluorescence ... More

Fluorescence imaging of the desorption of dye from fused silica versus silica gel.

Authors:Ludes MD, Anthony SR, Wirth MJ

Journal:Anal Chem

PubMed ID:12964753

The desorption rate constants for a cationic dye from strong adsorption sites are compared for the same chromatographic interface but for two different substrates, fused silica and chromatographic silica gel. The dye is 1,1'-didodecyl-3,3,3'3'-tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate (DiI). The interface consists of acetonitrile and a hydrocarbon monolayer (C8) covalently bound to the ... More

Distance measurements within a concatamer of the plasma membrane Cl?/HCO3? exchanger, AE1.

Authors:Basu A, Mazor S, Casey JR,

Journal:Biochemistry

PubMed ID:20828148

'AE1, which exists in the erythrocyte plasma membrane as a noncovalent dimer, facilitates transmembrane Cl?/HCO3? exchange. Here a concatamer of AE1 (two AE1 monomers fused via a two-residue linker to form an intramolecular dimer) was designed to facilitate fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) studies. The concatameric protein (AE1·AE1) was expressed ... More

Characterization of myenteric interneurons with somatostatin immunoreactivity in the guinea-pig small intestine.

Authors:Song ZM, Brookes SJ, Ramsay GA, Costa M

Journal:Neuroscience

PubMed ID:9276502

'The projections, connections, morphology and electrophysiological features of the myenteric interneurons with somatostatin immunoreactivity in the guinea-pig small intestine have been established using retrograde tracing, immunohistochemistry, confocal microscopy and intracellular recording. After application of the fluorescent dye, 1,1''-didodecyl-3,3,3'',3''-tetramethyl indocarbocyanine perchlorate (DiI), to the myenteric plexus, up to 900 nerve cell ... More

View all DiIC₁₂(3) (1,1'-Didodecyl-3,3,3',3'-Tetramethylindocarbocyanine Perchlorate) citations

DiIC12(3) (1,1'-Didodecyl-3,3,3',3'-Tetramethylindocarbocyanine Perchlorate)

Frequently asked questions (FAQs)

I stained my cells with a lipophilic cyanine dye, like DiI, but the signal was lost when I tried to follow up with antibody labeling. Why?

How long does it take for lipophlic tracers to transport along the membrane? How much faster are the FAST lipophilic dyes?

Which form of the lipophilic tracers (DiO, DiI, DiD, etc) should I use?

I want to label two cell populations and then perform a cell fusion assay. Which reagents are best for imaging this?

I want to track my cells with a nucleic acid stain, like DAPI or Hoechst dye. Do you recommend this?

Citations & References (53)

DiIC₁₂(3) (1,1'-Didodecyl-3,3,3',3'-Tetramethylindocarbocyanine Perchlorate)