BioParticles製品の使用について BioParticles™コンジュゲートは凍結乾燥粉末として提供されます。約3 x 108の大腸菌または黄色ブドウ球菌粒子/mg(固体)および約2 x 107のザイモサン粒子/mg(固体)が存在します。BioParticles™コンジュゲートは、食作用アッセイで使用するために選択した緩衝液で再構成できます。細胞の表面に結合している(しかし内部に取り込まれていない)BioParticles™コンジュゲートの蛍光は、エチジウムブロマイド、トリパンブルー、または他のクエンチャーよって消光できます。細胞での用途に加えて、蛍光BioParticles™コンジュゲートは、細菌や酵母変異体を分類する際のフローサイトメトリーキャリブレーションリファレンスとして有効な場合があります。微小粒子は、サイズと形状が特徴的に異なるため、光散乱研究の参考になる可能性もあります。
How are the Escherichia coli (K-12 strain) BioParticles, fluorescein conjugate supplied?
The Escherichia coli (K-12 strain) BioParticles, fluorescein conjugate are supplied as lyophilized powder in a 10 mg.unit size. There are approximately 3 x 10E8 E. coli particles per mg solid.
While the bacteria have been attenuated with formaldehyde and alcohol desiccation, the BioParticles products are not considered sterile, and we do not recommend incubation of more than 4 hours. This applies to all of our dye-labeled (pHrodo, Alexa Fluor, etc.) and unlabeled BioParticles products.
What is the type of bond that attaches the dyes to the BioParticles probes?
We use amine-reactive dyes to covalently attach fluorescent dyes to all of our BioParticles probes such as the Escherichia coli (K-12 strain) BioParticles probes, Staphylococcus aureus (Wood strain without protein A) BioParticles, and the Zymosan A (S. cerevisiae) BioParticles probes.
What can the BioParticles product line be used for?
Fluorescent Bioparticles have been employed to study phagocytosis by fluorescence microscopy, quantitative spectrofluorometry, and flow cytometry. We offer E.Coli, S. aureus, and zymosan BioParticles conjugates covalently labeled with a variety of different fluorophores.
Conserved role of a complement-like protein in phagocytosis revealed by dsRNA knockout in cultured cells of the mosquito, Anopheles gambiae.
Authors:Levashina EA, Moita LF, Blandin S, Vriend G, Lagueux M, Kafatos FC
Journal:Cell
PubMed ID:11257225
'We characterize a novel hemocyte-specific acute phase glycoprotein from the malaria vector, Anopheles gambiae. It shows substantial structural and functional similarities, including the highly conserved thioester motif, to both a central component of mammalian complement system, factor C3, and to a pan-protease inhibitor, alpha2-macroglobulin. Most importantly, this protein serves as ... More
Expression of the voltage-gated sodium channel NaV1.5 in the macrophage late endosome regulates endosomal acidification.
Authors:Carrithers MD, Dib-Hajj S, Carrithers LM, Tokmoulina G, Pypaert M, Jonas EA, Waxman SG,
Journal:J Immunol
PubMed ID:17548620
'Voltage-gated sodium channels expressed on the plasma membrane activate rapidly in response to changes in membrane potential in cells with excitable membranes such as muscle and neurons. Macrophages also require rapid signaling mechanisms as the first line of defense against invasion by microorganisms. In this study, our goal was to ... More
Methodological aspects of assessing phagocytosis of Vibrio anguillarum by leucocytes of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.) by flow cytometry and electron microscopy.
Authors:Esteban MA, Mulero V, Muñoz J, Meseguer J
Journal:Cell Tissue Res
PubMed ID:9634605
'In this paper we optimize a flow cytometric method for evaluating the phagocytic activity of leucocytes in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.) and characterize the phagocytic cells observed. Optimal conditions were established for the fluorescein-labelling and analysis of the bacterium Vibrio anguillarum by flow cytometry. Head-kidney leucocytes were incubated with ... More
Survival of FimH-expressing enterobacteria in macrophages relies on glycolipid traffic.
Authors:Baorto DM, Gao Z, Malaviya R, Dustin ML, van der Merwe A, Lublin DM, Abraham SN
Journal:Nature
PubMed ID:9335508
'Strains of Escherichia coli persist within the human gut as normal commensals, but are frequent pathogens and can cause recurrent infection. Here we show that, in contrast to E. coli subjected to opsonic interactions stimulated by the host''s immune response, E. coli that bind to the macrophage surface exclusively through ... More
Comparative in vitro investigations of the influence of mofebutazone, phenylbutazone and diclofenac on phagocytosis and respiratory burst of human peripheral blood leucocytes.
Authors:Neumüller J, Tohidast-Akrad M
Journal:Arzneimittelforschung
PubMed ID:8024638
'The phagocytosis and the release of oxidative products generated by the respiratory burst have been studied under the influence of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatories (NSAID) phenylbutazone (PB), mofebutazone (monophenylbutazone, MPB) and diclofenac (DF) using phagocytes of the peripheral blood from healthy human donors and patients with soft tissue rheumatism. The measurement ... More