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GFAP Monoclonal Antibody (GA-5)
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Product Details
Z2255MS
Product Specifications
Species Reactivity
Human,
Pig
Host/Isotype
Mouse
/ IgG1, kappa
Class
Monoclonal
Type
Antibody
Clone
GA-5
Immunogen
Native GFAP purified from pig spinal cord
Conjugate
Form
Liquid
Concentration
100 µg/mL
Amount
50 µg
Purification
Protein A
Storage buffer
tris with NP-40, BSA
Contains
<0.1% sodium azide
Storage conditions
4°C
Shipping conditions
Ambient (domestic); Wet ice (international)
Product Specific Information
A recommended positive control tissue for this product is Brain, however positive controls are not limited to this tissue type.
The primary antibody is intended for laboratory professional use in the detection of the corresponding protein in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue stained in manual qualitative immunohistochemistry (IHC) testing. This antibody is intended to be used after the primary diagnosis of tumor has been made by conventional histopathology using non-immunological histochemical stains.
Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) is specific to astrocytes (i.e., glial cells) and ependymal cells of the central nervous system. MAb to GFAP is useful in differentiating primary gliomas from metastatic lesions in the brain and for documenting astrocytic differentiation in tumors outside the CNS. GFAP stains astrocytes, glial cells, ependymal cells, and their corresponding tumors. Many types of neural tumors such as neuroblastomas, Schwannomas, as well as extra-CNS tumors are not labeled. GA-5 is very sensitive in detecting GFAP in routine formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues.
Antibody is used with formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded sections. Pretreatment of deparaffinized tissue with heat-induced epitope retrieval or enzymatic retrieval is recommended. In general, immunohistochemical (IHC) staining techniques allow for the visualization of antigens via the sequential application of a specific antibody to the antigen (primary antibody), a secondary antibody to the primary antibody (link antibody), an enzyme complex and a chromogenic substrate with interposed washing steps. The enzymatic activation of the chromogen results in a visible reaction product at the antigen site. Results are interpreted using a light microscope and aid in the differential diagnosis of pathophysiological processes, which may or may not be associated with a particular antigen.
A positive tissue control must be run with every staining procedure performed. This tissue may contain both positive and negative staining cells or tissue components and serve as both the positive and negative control tissue. External Positive control materials should be fresh autopsy/biopsy/surgical specimens fixed, processed and embedded as soon as possible in the same manner as the patient sample (s). Positive tissue controls are indicative of correctly prepared tissues and proper staining methods. The tissues used for the external positive control materials should be selected from the patient specimens with well-characterized low levels of the positive target activity that gives weak positive staining. The low level of positivity for external positive controls is designed to ensure detection of subtle changes in the primary antibody sensitivity from instability or problems with the staining methodology. A tissue with weak positive staining is more suitable for optimal quality control and for detecting minor levels of reagent degradation.
Internal or external negative control tissue may be used depending on the guidelines and policies that govern the organization to which the end user belongs to. The variety of cell types present in many tissue sections offers internal negative control sites, but this should be verified by the user. The components that do not stain should demonstrate the absence of specific staining, and provide an indication of non-specific background staining. If specific staining occurs in the negative tissue control sites, results with the patient specimens must be considered invalid.
Target Information
GFAP (Glial fibrillary acidic protein) is a member of the class III intermediate filament protein family. GFAP is heavily and specifically expressed in astrocytes and certain astroglia of the central nervous system, in satellite cells of peripheral ganglia, and in non-myelinating Schwann cells of peripheral nerves. In addition, neural stem cells strongly express GFAP. Antibodies to GFAP are very useful as markers of astrocytic cells. In addition, many types of brain tumor, presumably derived from astrocytic cells, heavily express GFAP. GFAP is also found in the lens epithelium, Kupffer cells of the liver, in some cells in salivary tumors and has been reported in erythrocytes. GFAP is used as a marker to distinguish astrocytes from other glial cells during development. Mutations in this gene cause Alexander disease, a rare disorder of astrocytes in the central nervous system. Alternative splicing of the GFAP gene results in multiple transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms.
For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures. Not for resale without express authorization.
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Bioinformatics
Protein Aliases: Astrocyte or Intermediate Filament Protein; FLJ45472; GFAP; GFAP epsilon; Glial fibrillary acidic protein; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP); unnamed protein product
Gene Aliases: ALXDRD; GFAP
UniProt ID: (Human) P14136
Entrez Gene ID: (Human) 2670, (Pig) 396562
intracellular protein transport
gene expression
positive regulation of Schwann cell proliferation
negative regulation of neuron projection development
astrocyte development
Schwann cell proliferation
extracellular matrix organization
neuron projection regeneration
neuron projection development
regulation of protein complex assembly
intermediate filament-based process
intermediate filament organization
regulation of neurotransmitter uptake
Bergmann glial cell differentiation
positive regulation of glial cell proliferation
long-term synaptic potentiation
D-aspartate import
regulation of chaperone-mediated autophagy
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Performance Guarantee
If an Invitrogen™ antibody doesn't perform as described on our website or datasheet,we'll replace the product at no cost to you, or provide you with a credit for a future purchase.*
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