Probenecid, Water Soluble
Probenecid, Water Soluble
Citations & References (21)
Invitrogen™

Probenecid, Water Soluble

プロベネシドは、通常、細胞膜に存在する有機陰イオントランスポーターを阻害するために使用されます。このようなトランスポーターは、色素やインジケーターを押し出す場合があり、細胞内の色素やインジケーターの保持状態に基づき、アッセイにおける不完全なローディングやバックグラウンドシグナルの増加に寄与する場合があります。細胞内色素の流出をブロックするためにプロベネシドを使用する手法について最初に述べたのは、Di Virgilioほか詳細を見る
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製品番号（カタログ番号）数量
P3640010 x 77 mg
製品番号（カタログ番号） P36400
価格（JPY）
49,300
Each
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数量:
10 x 77 mg
プロベネシドは、通常、細胞膜に存在する有機陰イオントランスポーターを阻害するために使用されます。このようなトランスポーターは、色素やインジケーターを押し出す場合があり、細胞内の色素やインジケーターの保持状態に基づき、アッセイにおける不完全なローディングやバックグラウンドシグナルの増加に寄与する場合があります。細胞内色素の流出をブロックするためにプロベネシドを使用する手法について最初に述べたのは、Di Virgilioほか（1990年）で、さまざまな陰イオン色素およびコンジュゲートで使用されました。一般的に使用されている遊離酸型のプロベネシドは溶解が困難で、溶液中に1 M NaOHを必要とします。当社の水溶性プロベネシド（P36400）は、アッセイバッファー中で迅速に溶解するため、苛性NaOHを扱う必要がありません。水溶性プロベネシドは、Fluo-4 NWカルシウムアッセイキット（F36205、F36206）に含まれており、別売りでも提供されています。

カルシウム、カリウム、pH、膜電位インジケーターなどのイオンインジケーターの詳細をご覧ください›

研究用にのみ使用できます。診断用には使用いただけません。
仕様
数量10 x 77 mg
推奨保存方法室温で保存してください
出荷条件室温
物理的フォームSolid
製品タイプ細胞標識試薬
Unit SizeEach

よくあるご質問（FAQ）

I am doing calcium flux imaging with your Fura-2 calibration kit, but am seeing a large variability in ratio in different places around the slide. I am correcting for uniform illumination, using the product as directed, and sealing the coverslip with nail polish.

The nail polish may be the problem. The Kd value (calcium sensitivity) changes depending upon the dye's environment. Nail polish has solvents that can leech under the coverslip and cause variability. We recommend either going without a sealing or sealing with melted paraffin painted on the coverslip edges with a cotton-tipped applicator (paraffin is hydrophobic and has no solvents).

Find additional tips, troubleshooting help, and resources within our Cell Analysis Support Center.

I need to label cells with Fluo-4, AM, for a calcium flux assay. How long after labeling will the dye be retained?

After loading dye into the cells, intracellular esterases remove the 'AM' moiety from the dye. When the 'AM' group is removed, the dye is able to bind calcium and fluoresce. Since the dye is not covalently bound to any cellular components, it may be actively effluxed from the cell. The rate of efflux is dependent upon the inherent properties of the cell, culture conditions and other factors. The dye may be retained for hours, days or even weeks or lost in a matter of minutes. The use of Probenecid (Cat. No. P36400) limits loss by active efflux.

Find additional tips, troubleshooting help, and resources within our Cell Analysis Support Center.

引用および参考文献 (21)

引用および参考文献
Abstract
The Ste20 kinases Ste20-related proline-alanine-rich kinase and oxidative-stress response 1 regulate NKCC1 function in sensory neurons.
Authors:Geng Y, Hoke A, Delpire E,
Journal:J Biol Chem
PubMed ID:19307180
'NKCC1 is highly expressed in dorsal root ganglion neurons, where it is involved in gating sensory information. In a recent study, it was shown that peripheral nerve injury results in increased NKCC1 activity, not due to an increase in cotransporter expression, but to increased phosphorylation of the cotransporter (Pieraut, S., ... More
A novel initiation mechanism of death in Streptococcus pneumoniae induced by the human milk protein-lipid complex HAMLET and activated during physiological death.
Authors:Clementi EA, Marks LR, Duffey ME, Hakansson AP,
Journal:J Biol Chem
PubMed ID:22700972
'To cause colonization or infection, most bacteria grow in biofilms where differentiation and death of subpopulations is critical for optimal survival of the whole population. However, little is known about initiation of bacterial death under physiological conditions. Membrane depolarization has been suggested, but never shown to be involved, due to ... More
Inhibition of Fura-2 sequestration and secretion with organic anion transport blockers.
Authors:Di Virgilio F, Steinberg TH, Silverstein SC
Journal:Cell Calcium
PubMed ID:2191781
Fura-2 is widely used to measure the concentration of cytosolic free calcium, but in many cells the dye does not remain localized within the cytoplasmic matrix. In these cells, Fura-2 is sequestered within intracellular organelles, secreted into the extracellular medium, or both. We have found that, in mouse peritoneal macrophages, ... More
Genetic divergence of rotavirus nonstructural protein 4 results in distinct serogroup-specific viroporin activity and intracellular punctate structure morphologies.
Authors:Hyser JM, Utama B, Crawford SE, Estes MK,
Journal:J Virol
PubMed ID:22357281
Nonstructural protein 4 (NSP4) viroporin activity is critical for the replication and assembly of serogroup A rotavirus (RVA); however, the dramatic primary sequence divergence of NSP4s across serogroups raises the possibility that viroporin activity is not a common feature among RVs. We tested for NSP4 viroporin activity from divergent strains, ... More
Cell-based potassium ion channel screening using the FluxOR assay.
Authors:Beacham DW, Blackmer T, O' Grady M, Hanson GT,
Journal:J Biomol Screen
PubMed ID:20208034
FluxOR technology is a cell-based assay used for high-throughput screening measurements of potassium channel activity. Using thallium influx as a surrogate indicator of potassium ion channel activity, the FluxOR Potassium Ion Channel Assay is based on the activation of a novel fluorescent dye. This indicator reports channel activity with a ... More
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