Sodium ([Ne]3s1) (CAS 7440-23-5) is the sixth most abundant element on earth. It is also abundant in the sun and stars. It is a soft, silvery-white metal that appears wax-like at room temperatures and is brittle when cold. Sodium is extremely reactive and is always found in combination with other elements. Its properties can improve the structure of some alloys, purify molten metals, and descale certain metals. Sodium has excellent electrical conductivity and is an important heat transfer agent.
Alkali Metal Salts ; Metal Alloys >
Phase at STP: Solid
Common Oxidation States: +1
Number of Valence Electrons: 1
Electronegativity (Pauling): 0.9
First Ionization Energy: 119 kcal/mole
Covalent Radius: 1.54 Angstroms
Melting Point: 97.72°C
Boiling Point: 883 °C
Density: 0.968 g/cm3
Crystal Structure: Cubic, body centered