A new class of membrane-bound chemokine with a CX3C motif.
AuthorsBazan JF, Bacon KB, Hardiman G, Wang W, Soo K, Rossi D, Greaves DR, Zlotnik A, Schall TJ
JournalNature
PubMed ID9024663
'Chemokines direct the trafficking of white blood cells in immune surveillance, playing a key role in inflammatory and infectious diseases such as AIDS. All chemokines studied so far are secreted proteins of relative molecular mass approximately 7K-15K and fall into three families that are defined by a cysteine signature motif: ... More
Identification and molecular characterization of fractalkine receptor CX3CR1, which mediates both leukocyte migration and adhesion.
AuthorsImai T, Hieshima K, Haskell C, Baba M, Nagira M, Nishimura M, Kakizaki M, Takagi S, Nomiyama H, Schall TJ, Yoshie O
JournalCell
PubMed ID9390561
'Leukocyte trafficking at the endothelium requires both cellular adhesion molecules and chemotactic factors. Fractalkine, a novel transmembrane molecule with a CX3C-motif chemokine domain atop a mucin stalk, induces both adhesion and migration of leukocytes. Here we identify a seven-transmembrane high-affinity receptor for fractalkine and show that it mediates both the ... More
Fractalkine, a CX3C chemokine, is expressed by dendritic cells and is up-regulated upon dendritic cell maturation.
AuthorsPapadopoulos EJ, Sassetti C, Saeki H, Yamada N, Kawamura T, Fitzhugh DJ, Saraf MA, Schall T, Blauvelt A, Rosen SD, Hwang ST
JournalEur J Immunol
PubMed ID10458770
'The lone CX3C chemokine, fractalkine (FK), is expressed in a membrane-bound form on activated endothelial cells and mediates attachment and firm adhesion of T cells, monocytes and NK cells. We now show that FK is associated with dendritic cells (DC) in epidermis and lymphoid organs. In normal human skin, dual-color ... More
Human chemokines fractalkine (SCYD1), MDC (SCYA22) and TARC (SCYA17) are clustered on chromosome 16q13.
Fractalkine in vascular biology: from basic research to clinical disease.
AuthorsUmehara H, Bloom ET, Okazaki T, Nagano Y, Yoshie O, Imai T
JournalArterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol
PubMed ID12969992
Fractalkine (now also called CX3CL1) is a unique chemokine that functions not only as a chemoattractant but also as an adhesion molecule and is expressed on endothelial cells activated by proinflammatory cytokines, such as interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. The fractalkine receptor, CX3CR1, is expressed on cytotoxic effector lymphocytes, including ... More