Endoglin is a component of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta receptor complex of human pre-B leukemic cells.
AuthorsZhang H, Shaw AR, Mak A, Letarte M
JournalJ Immunol
PubMed ID8543807
'Endoglin was first identified on a cell line derived from pre-B acute lymphoblastic leukemia. This 180-kDa homodimeric glycoprotein was then shown to be primarily expressed on endothelial cells and to bind the beta 1 and beta 3 isoforms of TGF-beta with high affinity. We now demonstrate that pre-B leukemic cells ... More
9-Nitrocamptothecin inhibits HIV-1 replication in human peripheral blood lymphocytes: a potential alternative for HIV-infection/AIDS therapy.
'The ability of the anti-cancer drug, 9-Nitrocamptothecin (9NC), to inhibit replication of HIV-1 in clinically relevant primary lymphocytic cells was studied. Primary peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) from a non-infected donor were freshly infected with HIV-1 and treated with 9NC by using three different treatment schedules. Cells were monitored for cytotoxicity ... More
In vitro effects of antiviral agents on human keratocytes.
'PURPOSE: To study the effects of antiviral agents on human keratocytes in vitro. METHODS: Cultured human keratocytes were incubated with either ganciclovir, idoxuridine, trifluridine, or cidofovir at concentrations from 0.0001 to 10 mg/mL. Phase-contrast microscopy and XTT (sodium [2,3-bis [2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulphophenyl]-2h-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide, inner salt) colorimetric assay were performed after 24, 48, and ... More
The interaction of human monocytes, monocyte-derived macrophages, and polymorphonuclear neutrophils with caspofungin (MK-0991), an echinocandin, for antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus.
AuthorsChiller T, Farrokhshad K, Brummer E, Stevens DA
JournalDiagn Microbiol Infect Dis
PubMed ID11248522
'The collaboration between human effector cells and caspofungin (MK-0991), a 1,3-beta-D glucan synthase inhibitor, was studied for antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus. Caspofungin was co-cultured for 24h with either human monocytes (Monos), monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM), or polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) against germlings of A. fumigatus and antifungal activity assessed using the ... More
In vitro growth and analysis of Candida biofilms.
AuthorsChandra J, Mukherjee PK, Ghannoum MA,
JournalNat Protoc
PubMed ID19180075
'Evaluation of fungal biofilm formation can be performed using several techniques. In this protocol, we describe methods used to form Candida biofilms on three different medical device substrates (denture strips, catheter disks and contact lenses) to quantify them and to evaluate their architecture and drug susceptibility. Biofilm formation involves adhesion ... More
Comparison of two rapid colorimetric methods for determining resistance of mycobacterium tuberculosis to rifampin, isoniazid, and streptomycin in liquid medium.
AuthorsDe Logu A, Uda P, Pellerano ML, Pusceddu MC, Saddi B, Schivo ML
JournalEur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis
PubMed ID11245320
'The usefulness of two colorimetric methods for the determination of the susceptibility or resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to rifampin, streptomycin, and isoniazid in liquid medium based on the reduction of 2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfo-phenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide (XTT) and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) was investigated. The agar proportion method was used as the reference method. Results obtained ... More
Comparisons of the susceptibilities of planktonic and adherent Candida albicans to antifungal agents: a modified XTT tetrazolium assay using synchronised C. albicans cells.
AuthorsHawser S
JournalJ Med Vet Mycol
PubMed ID8732362
'Adhesion of synchronised yeast-phase Candida albicans cells to tissue culture plastic, and the susceptibility of planktonic and adherent cells to antifungal agents, was investigated using a modified tetrazolium (XTT) assay. MIC data demonstrated that ketoconazole and amphotericin B were highly active against planktonic C. albicans yeast-phase cells. XTT tetrazolium assays ... More
Inaccuracies in MTS assays: major distorting effects of medium, serum albumin, and fatty acids.
AuthorsHuang KT, Chen YH, Walker AM
JournalBiotechniques
PubMed ID15470895
'Soluble formazan assays are widely used for cell number assessment. However, in our hands, we observed frequent occasions in which the actual cell number was at odds with the assay reading. In this study, we have determined that (i) a large proportion of the reading obtained in commonly used culture ... More
Improved short- and long-term XTT-based colorimetric cellular cytotoxicity assay for melanoma and other tumor cells.
AuthorsJost LM, Kirkwood JM, Whiteside TL
JournalJ Immunol Methods
PubMed ID1548398
'A tetrazolium compound, XTT, bioreducible to a water-soluble formazan was used to develop a simplified cellular cytotoxicity assay. Most (13/15 melanoma and 2/3 colon carcinoma cell lines tested metabolized XTT greater than 50 times more efficiently than the lymphoid effector cells, and thus the test could be performed without separation ... More
Transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-alpha) increases cell number in a human pancreatic cancer cell line but not in normal mouse pancreas.
AuthorsKullenberg B, Jansen C, Fredäng N, Ohlsson B, Axelson J
JournalInt J Pancreatol
PubMed ID11373057
'BACKGROUND: The pancreas harbors growth factors such as the epidermal growth factor (EGF) family. The physiological and pathophysiological roles of growth factors in normal pancreas remain unsettled. Human pancreatic cancer overexpresses the EGF receptor, and the ligands EGF and transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-alpha). The aim of the present experiments ... More
Human amylin induces "apoptotic" pattern of gene expression concomitant with cortical neuronal apoptosis.
AuthorsTucker HM, Rydel RE, Wright S, Estus S
JournalJ Neurochem
PubMed ID9681440
'Amylin forms large beta-pleated neurotoxic oligomers but shows only 38% sequence similarity to A beta. As patterns of gene expression during neuronal apoptosis appear stimulus and cell type specific, we compared the pattern of amylin-induced gene expression in rat cortical neurons with that shown previously to be induced by A ... More
Bi-directional effects of the elevation of intracellular calcium on the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in J774 macrophages exposed to low and to high concentrations of endotoxin.
AuthorsKorhonen R, Kankaanranta H, Lahti A, Lähde M, Knowles RG, Moilanen E
JournalBiochem J
PubMed ID11171114
'Nitric oxide produced through the action of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is an important mediator in immune responses of the host. Various extracellular factors, including inflammatory stimuli, affect intracellular free Ca2+ levels ([Ca2+](i)), modulating cellular signalling and gene expression. In the present study we investigated the effects of increased ... More
Okadaic acid-induced apoptosis in neuronal cells: evidence for an abortive mitotic attempt.
AuthorsNuydens R, de Jong M, Van Den Kieboom G, Heers C, Dispersyn G, Cornelissen F, Nuyens R, Borgers M, Geerts H
JournalJ Neurochem
PubMed ID9489733
'There is increasing evidence that apoptosis in postmitotic neurons is associated with a frustrated attempt to reenter the mitotic cycle. Okadaic acid, a specific protein phosphatase inhibitor, is currently used in models of Alzheimer''s research to increase the degree of phosphorylation of various proteins, such as the microtubule-associated protein tau. ... More
Assay of superoxide dismutase: cautions relevant to the use of cytochrome c, a sulfonated tetrazolium, and cyanide.
AuthorsOkado-Matsumoto A, Fridovich I
JournalAnal Biochem
PubMed ID11700991
'Two commonly used assays for superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity have been compared, one using cytochrome c and the other using XTT (2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide) as the indicating scavenger of superoxide. The use of cyanide to selectively suppress Cu,Zn-SOD and thus to allow assay of both Cu,Zn-SOD and Mn-SOD in mixtures of the ... More
Anti-HIV prenylated flavonoids from Monotes africanus.
AuthorsMeragelman KM, McKee TC, Boyd MR
JournalJ Nat Prod
PubMed ID11325248
'Six flavonoids, among them a new dihydroflavonol, 6,8-diprenylaromadendrin (1), and the flavonol 6,8-diprenylkaempferol (3), have been isolated from the organic extract of Monotes africanus. The isolated compounds containing a 5,7-dihydroxy-6,8-diprenyl system in the A ring of the flavonoid (1, 3, and 6) exhibited HIV-inhibitory activity in the XTT-based, whole-cell screen. ... More
Comparison of multiple methods for quantification of microbial biofilms grown in microtiter plates.
AuthorsPeeters E, Nelis HJ, Coenye T,
JournalJ Microbiol Methods
PubMed ID18155789
'In the present study six assays for the quantification of biofilms formed in 96-well microtiter plates were optimised and evaluated: the crystal violet (CV) assay, the Syto9 assay, the fluorescein diacetate (FDA) assay, the resazurin assay, the XTT assay and the dimethyl methylene blue (DMMB) assay. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Burkholderia cenocepacia, ... More
Fungicidal effect of tyrothricin on Candida albicans.
AuthorsKretschmar M, Nichterlein T, Nebe CT, Hof H, Burger KJ
JournalMycoses
PubMed ID8786757
'Tyrothricin, a polypeptide antibiotic, is active against yeast cells. Tyrothricin was rapidly fungicidal towards Candida albicans. Concentration of four times the minimum inhibitory (25 mg l-1) reduced the yeast numbers by more than 3 log10 within 1 h. Similar results were obtained in a flow cytometric antifungal activity assay using ... More
Innovative endpoint determination system for antifungal susceptibility testing of yeasts.
AuthorsTellier R, Krajden M, Grigoriew GA, Campbell I
JournalAntimicrob Agents Chemother
PubMed ID1416843
'Fungal infections and antifungal resistance are increasingly recognized. Antifungal susceptibility testing remains unstandardized, and a particularly important problem is endpoint determination. In this paper we propose the yeast metabolic reduction of the tetrazolium salt 2,3-bis(2- methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-5-[(phenylamino)carbonyl]-2H-tetraz olium hydroxide (XTT) as a colorimetric endpoint which is quantitative and objective. Amphotericin B, ... More
Is reduction of the sulfonated tetrazolium 2,3-bis (2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2-tetrazolium 5-carboxanilide a reliable measure of intracellular superoxide production?
AuthorsBenov L, Fridovich I
JournalAnal Biochem
PubMed ID12423637
'The sulfonated tetrazolium 2,3-bis (2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2-tetrazolium 5-carboxanilide (XTT) is advantageous in that it yields a water-soluble formazan, unlike most other available tetrazoliums. XTT is reducible by superoxide, as are other tetrazoliums, but is not directly reduced by xanthine oxidase plus xanthine or by glucose oxidase plus glucose. This led to the ... More
A simplified new assay for assessment of fungal cell damage with the tetrazolium dye, (2,3)-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulphenyl)-(2H)-tetrazolium-5-carboxanil ide (XTT).
'Studies of antimycotic host defenses have been limited by the paucity of rapid, reproducible quantitative assays for fungal cell damage. Prior studies defined a colorimetric method that uses MTT, a tetrazolium dye, to quantify polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMNL)-mediated damage to fungi. These relatively simple, rapid, and reproducible assays require cumbersome extraction ... More
Use of a soluble tetrazolium/formazan assay for chicken cells.
AuthorsTajima T, Hironao T, Kajikawa T, Kawamura H
JournalJ Vet Med Sci
PubMed ID1335760
'We evaluated a soluble tetrazolium/formazan assay using 2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-5-[(phenylamino)-carbonyl ]-2H- tetrazolium hydroxide (XTT) for chicken cell growth. Fifty microliter of solution containing 1 mg/ml of XTT and 0.025 mM phenazine methosulfate was added to the cells in a well of 96-well microplate. After 4 hr incubation at 37 degrees C, the ... More
Calcium, free radicals, and excitotoxic neuronal death in primary cell culture.
AuthorsMattson MP, Barger SW, Begley JG, Mark RJ
JournalMethods Cell Biol
PubMed ID7541884
Computer simulation of stochastic processes through model-sampling (Monte Carlo) techniques.
AuthorsSheppard CW,
JournalFEBS Lett
PubMed ID11946359
A simple Monte Carlo simulation program is outlined which can be used for the investigation of random-walk problems, for example in diffusion, or the movement of tracers in the blood circulation. The results given by the simulation are compared with those predicted by well-established theory, and it is shown how ... More
Microspinosamide, a new HIV-inhibitory cyclic depsipeptide from the marine sponge Sidonops microspinosa.
Microspinosamide (1), a new cyclic depsipeptide incorporating 13 amino acid residues, was isolated from extracts of an Indonesian collection of the marine sponge Sidonops microspinosa. Its structure was elucidated by extensive NMR and mass spectral analyses, and by chemical degradation and derivatization studies. The tridecapeptide 1 incorporates numerous uncommon amino ... More
Myeloperoxidase is required for neutrophil extracellular trap formation: implications for innate immunity.
AuthorsMetzler KD, Fuchs TA, Nauseef WM, Reumaux D, Roesler J, Schulze I, Wahn V, Papayannopoulos V, Zychlinsky A,
JournalBlood
PubMed ID20974672
The granule enzyme myeloperoxidase (MPO) plays an important role in neutrophil antimicrobial responses. However, the severity of immunodeficiency in patients carrying mutations in MPO is variable. Serious microbial infections, especially with Candida species, have been observed in a subset of completely MPO-deficient patients. Here we show that neutrophils from donors ... More
The non-host pathogen Botrytis cinerea enhances glucose transport in Pinus pinaster suspension-cultured cells.
AuthorsAzevedo H, Conde C, Gerós H, Tavares RM,
JournalPlant Cell Physiol
PubMed ID16407393
Botrytis cinerea is the causal agent of grey mould disease and a non-host necrotrophic pathogen of maritime pine (Pinus pinaster). Recent evidence suggests that pathogen challenge can alter carbon uptake in plant cells; however, little is known on how elicitor-derived signalling pathways control sugar transport activity. P. pinaster suspended cells ... More
Triptolide induced cytotoxic effects on human promyelocytic leukemia, T cell lymphoma and human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines.
AuthorsChan EW, Cheng SC, Sin FW, Xie Y
JournalToxicol Lett
PubMed ID11397559
Triptolide, a traditional Chinese medicine, has been reported to be effective in the treatment of auto-immune diseases, and it can also induce anti-neoplastic activity on several human tumor cell lines. This study investigates the cytotoxic function and the functional mechanism of triptolide on tumor cells. Promyelocytic leukemia, (HL-60), T cell ... More
New soluble-formazan assay for HIV-1 cytopathic effects: application to high-flux screening of synthetic and natural products for AIDS-antiviral activity.
We have developed an effective and optimally safe microculture method for rapid and convenient assay of the in vitro cytopathic effects of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) on human lymphoblastoid or other suitable host cells. The assay procedure is applicable to the evaluation of drug effects on in vitro infections induced ... More
Optimization of the sulforhodamine B colorimetric assay.
AuthorsPapazisis KT, Geromichalos GD, Dimitriadis KA, Kortsaris AH
JournalJ Immunol Methods
PubMed ID9433470
Sulforhodamine B (SRB) protein staining has been widely used for cell proliferation and chemosensitivity testing, substituting for tetrazolium-based assays. However, the cell fixation step in the original assay is subject to error. We tested whether aspiration of medium with an automatic microplate multiwash device prior to fixation improves the method ... More
Potential of a soluble tetrazolium/formazan assay for the evaluation of filarial viability.
AuthorsComley JC, Turner CH
JournalInt J Parasitol
PubMed ID2332282
Using female Acanthocheilonema viteae we have investigated the bioreduction of the tetrazolium reagent XTT (2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-sulphonyl)-5-[(phenylamino) carbonyl]-2H-tetrazolium hydroxide). Unlike the formazan formed by other tetrazolium salts, that derived from XTT readily diffuses out of A. viteae in vitro. Formazan formation can therefore be quantified by direct absorbance reading of the incubation ... More
Bcl-2 protects neuronal cells against taxol-induced apoptosis by inducing multi-nucleation.
AuthorsNuydens R, Dispersyn G, Van Den Kieboom G, de Jong M, Connors R, Ramaekers F, Borgers M, Geerts H
JournalApoptosis
PubMed ID11227215
Taxol-induced peripheral neuropathy is a commonly-occurring side-effect in the treatment of cancer patients with taxoteres or taxanes. Taxol is known to induce apoptosis in a number of tumor cells. This report documents that, similar to proliferating cells, taxol induces apoptosis in NGF-differentiated PC12 cells, as assessed by exogenous FITC-annexin-V binding ... More
Reduction of tetrazolium salt XTT by aminoreductone formed during the Maillard reaction of lactose.
AuthorsShimamura T, Ukeda H, Sawamura M
JournalJ Agric Food Chem
PubMed ID11312796
Lactose, a reducing disaccharide abundant in milk, reacts extensively with the amino groups of protein through the Maillard reaction. The Maillard reaction products showed 3'-[1-[(phenylamino)carbonyl]-3,4-tetrazolium]bis(4-methoxy-6-nitro)benzensulfonic acid hydrate (XTT) reducibility. The objective of this study was to clarify the Maillard reaction products responsible for the XTT reducibility. When lactose and butylamine ... More
An improved colorimetric assay for cell proliferation and viability utilizing the tetrazolium salt XTT.
AuthorsRoehm NW, Rodgers GH, Hatfield SM, Glasebrook AL
JournalJ Immunol Methods
PubMed ID1919029
A new tetrazolium salt XTT, sodium 3'-[1-[(phenylamino)-carbonyl]-3,4-tetrazolium]-bis(4-methoxy-6- nitro)benzene-sulfonic acid hydrate, was evaluated for use in a colorimetric assay for cell viability and proliferation by normal activated T cells and several cytokine dependent cell lines. Cleavage of XTT by dehydrogenase enzymes of metabolically active cells yields a highly colored formazan product ... More
Cytotoxicity of dental composite components and mercury compounds in pulmonary cells.
AuthorsKehe K, Reichl FX, Durner J, Walther U, Hickel R, Forth W
JournalBiomaterials
PubMed ID11205434
The cytotoxic potentials of the dental composite components triethyleneglycoldimethacrylate (TEGDMA) and 2-hydroxy-ethylmethacrylate (HEMA) as well as mercuric chloride (HgCl2) and methyl mercury chloride (MeHgCl) were investigated. Proliferating A549 and L2 cell monolayers were cultured in the absence or presence of composite components or mercurials. Twenty-four hours later the tetrazolium salt ... More
TEL-JAK2 mediates constitutive activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase/protein kinase B signaling pathway.
AuthorsNguyen MH, Ho JM, Beattie BK, Barber DL
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID11435425
A subset of chromosomal translocations that participate in leukemia involve activated tyrosine kinases. The ets transcription factor, TEL, undergoes translocations with several distinct tyrosine kinases including JAK2. TEL-JAK2 transforms cell lines to factor independence, and constitutive tyrosine kinase activity results in the phosphorylation of several substrates including STAT1, STAT3, and ... More
Use of a new tetrazolium-based assay to study the production of superoxide radicals by tobacco cell cultures challenged with avirulent zoospores of phytophthora parasitica var nicotianae
AuthorsAble AJ, Guest DI, Sutherland MW
JournalPlant Physiol
PubMed ID9625702
The relationship between the production of reactive oxygen species and the hypersensitive response (HR) of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. ) toward an incompatible race of the Oomycete Phytophthora parasitica var nicotianae has been investigated. A new assay for superoxide radical (O2-) production based on reduction of the tetrazolium dye sodium,3'-(1-[phenylamino-carbonyl]-3, ... More
Rap1 is activated by erythropoietin or interleukin-3 and is involved in regulation of beta1 integrin-mediated hematopoietic cell adhesion.
AuthorsArai A, Nosaka Y, Kanda E, Yamamoto K, Miyasaka N, Miura O
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID11124936
The CrkL adaptor protein is involved in signaling from the receptor for erythropoietin (Epo) as well as interleukin (IL)-3 and activates beta(1) integrin-mediated hematopoietic cell adhesion through its interaction with C3G, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rap1. We demonstrate here that Epo as well as IL-3 activates Rap1 in ... More
Effects of melatonin on proliferation of cancer cell lines.
AuthorsPapazisis KT, Kouretas D, Geromichalos GD, Sivridis E, Tsekreli OK, Dimitriadis KA, Kortsaris AH
JournalJ Pineal Res
PubMed ID9885990
The pineal hormone melatonin has been reported to have in vitro antiproliferative effects on estrogen receptor-positive human breast cancer cell lines at concentrations near to plasma physiological concentrations (1 x 10(-11) to 1 x 10(-9) M). Its growth inhibitory actions have been thought to be linked to the estrogen-receptor system. ... More
PD98059 attenuates hydrogen peroxide-induced cell death through inhibition of Jun N-Terminal Kinase in HT29 cells.
AuthorsSalh BS, Martens J, Hundal RS, Yoganathan N, Charest D, Mui A, Gómez-Muñoz A
JournalMol Cell Biol Res Commun
PubMed ID11281730
We have investigated the effects of hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), a potent naturally occurring oxidant on cell signaling and viability in the pluripotent HT29 intestinal cell line. There was a dose-dependent reduction in cell viability upon exposure to H(2)O(2) as measured by the XTT assay. Features of apoptosis were indicated by ... More
Reactive oxygen species in the elongation zone of maize leaves are necessary for leaf extension.
AuthorsRodríguez AA, Grunberg KA, Taleisnik EL
JournalPlant Physiol
PubMed ID12177475
The production and role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the expanding zone of maize (Zea mays) leaf blades were investigated. ROS release along the leaf blade was evaluated by embedding intact seedlings in 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein-containing agar and examining the distribution of 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein fluorescence along leaf 4, which was exposed by ... More
In vitro induction of apoptosis of neoplastic cells in low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphomas using combinations of established cytotoxic drugs with bendamustine.
AuthorsChow KU, Boehrer S, Geduldig K, Krapohl A, Hoelzer D, Mitrou PS, Weidmann E
JournalHaematologica
PubMed ID11410411
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES. Regulation of apoptotic cell death is being increasingly recognized as a mechanisms by which cytostatic agents mediate tumor cell death. Preliminary clinical studies with bendamustine, an alkylating agent with a purine nucleus, provide strong evidence that this drug is a highly effective cytostatic in low grade lymphomas. ... More
Optimization of the L-M cell bioassay for quantitating tumor necrosis factor alpha in serum and plasma.
AuthorsNargi FE, Yang TJ
JournalJ Immunol Methods
PubMed ID8445267
In attempting to quantitate TNF-alpha in body fluids using current bioassay protocols, we discovered several factors which adversely affect reliability, sensitivity and specificity. The objective of this study was to establish an optimum assay for use with serum and plasma samples. While adopting the commonly used L-M cell bioassay to ... More
Novel peptide conjugates for tumor-specific chemotherapy.
AuthorsLanger M, Kratz F, Rothen-Rutishauser B, Wunderli-Allenspach H, Beck-Sickinger AG
JournalJ Med Chem
PubMed ID11311056
One of the major problems in cancer chemotherapy are the severe side effects that limit the dose of the anticancer drugs because of their unselectivity for tumor versus normal cells. In the present work, we show that coupling of anthracyclines to peptides is a promising approach to obtain selectivity. The ... More
Evaluation of a soluble tetrazolium/formazan assay for cell growth and drug sensitivity in culture using human and other tumor cell lines.
AuthorsScudiero DA, Shoemaker RH, Paull KD, Monks A, Tierney S, Nofziger TH, Currens MJ, Seniff D, Boyd MR
JournalCancer Res
PubMed ID3409223
We have previously described the application of an automated microculture tetrazolium assay (MTA) involving dimethyl sulfoxide solubilization of cellular-generated 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT)-formazan to the in vitro assessment of drug effects on cell growth (M.C. Alley et al., Proc. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res., 27:389, 1986; M.C. Alley et al., Cancer Res. ... More
Compatibility of resorbable and nonresorbable guided tissue regeneration membranes in cultures of primary human periodontal ligament fibroblasts and human osteoblast-like cells.
AuthorsAlpar B, Leyhausen G, Günay H, Geurtsen W
JournalClin Oral Investig
PubMed ID11218492
The purpose of this study was (a) to evaluate the cytocompatibility of three resorbable and nonresorbable membranes in fibroblast and osteoblast-like cell cultures and (b) to observe the growth of those cells on the various barriers by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Primary human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (HPLF) and human osteoblast-like ... More
A modification of apolipoprotein B accounts for most of the induction of macrophage growth by oxidized low density lipoprotein.
AuthorsMartens JS, Lougheed M, Gómez-Muñoz A, Steinbrecher UP
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID10196168
It has recently been shown that macrophage proliferation occurs during the progression of atherosclerotic lesions and that oxidized low density lipoprotein (LDL) stimulates macrophage growth. Possible mechanisms for this include the interaction of oxidized LDL with integral plasma membrane proteins coupled to signaling pathways, the release of growth factors and ... More
Microculture tetrazolium assays: a comparison between two new tetrazolium salts, XTT and MTS.
AuthorsGoodwin CJ, Holt SJ, Downes S, Marshall NJ
JournalJ Immunol Methods
PubMed ID7868929
Microculture tetrazolium assays are being widely exploited to investigate the mechanisms of both cell activation and cell damage. They are colorimetric assays which are based upon the bioreduction of a tetrazolium salt to an intensely coloured formazan. We contrast the responses obtainable with two new tetrazolium salts, MTS and XTT, ... More
Acetaminophen-induced oxidant stress and cell injury in cultured mouse hepatocytes: protection by N-acetyl cysteine.
AuthorsBajt ML, Knight TR, Lemasters JJ, Jaeschke H
JournalToxicol Sci
PubMed ID15115886
The increase in cellular and mitochondrial glutathione disulfide (GSSG) levels and the GSSG:GSH ratio after acetaminophen (AAP) overdose suggest the involvement of an oxidant stress in the pathophysiology. However, the initial severe depletion of hepatocellular glutathione makes quantitative assessment of the oxidant stress difficult. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that ... More
Antifungal activity of amiodarone is mediated by disruption of calcium homeostasis.
AuthorsGupta SS, Ton VK, Beaudry V, Rulli S, Cunningham K, Rao R
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID12754197
The antiarrhythmic drug amiodarone was recently demonstrated to have novel broad range fungicidal activity. We provide evidence that amiodarone toxicity is mediated by disruption of Ca2+ homeostasis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In mutants lacking calcineurin and various Ca2+ transporters, including pumps (Pmr1 and Pmc1), channels (Cch1/Mid1 and Yvc1), and exchangers (Vcx1), ... More
Chromogenic assay measuring opsonophagocytic killing capacities of antipneumococcal antisera.
AuthorsLin JS, Park MK, Nahm MH
JournalClin Diagn Lab Immunol
PubMed ID11329452
Assays measuring opsonophagocytic killing capacity of immune sera are good surrogate assays for assessing pneumococcal vaccine responses, but they are tedious to perform primarily because the enumeration of surviving bacteria requires the counting of individual bacterial colonies. To overcome this limitation, we have developed a simple and rapid chromogenic assay ... More
Viability of Onchocerca volvulus in vitro.
AuthorsStrote G, Bokhof A, Comley JC
JournalParasitology
PubMed ID8414672
The use of a selective schedule of tests to identify a viable population of isolated adult Onchocerca volvulus (Nematoda: Filarioidea) has been investigated in a large worm population. The study was initiated to develop methodology appropriate to test new candidate macrofilaricides for their in vitro activity against O. volvulus. After ... More
Comparison of biofilms formed by Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis on bioprosthetic surfaces.
AuthorsKuhn DM, Chandra J, Mukherjee PK, Ghannoum MA
JournalInfect Immun
PubMed ID11796623
Little is known about fungal biofilms, which may cause infection and antibiotic resistance. In this study, biofilm formation by different Candida species, particularly Candida albicans and C. parapsilosis, was evaluated by using a clinically relevant model of Candida biofilm on medical devices. Candida biofilms were allowed to form on silicone ... More
Induction of polyamine oxidase 1 by Helicobacter pylori causes macrophage apoptosis by hydrogen peroxide release and mitochondrial membrane depolarization.
AuthorsChaturvedi R, Cheng Y, Asim M, Bussière FI, Xu H, Gobert AP, Hacker A, Casero RA, Wilson KT
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID15247269
Helicobacter pylori infects the human stomach by escaping the host immune response. One mechanism of bacterial survival and mucosal damage is induction of macrophage apoptosis, which we have reported to be dependent on polyamine synthesis by arginase and ornithine decarboxylase. During metabolic back-conversion, polyamines are oxidized and release H(2)O(2), which ... More
Synthetic soluble analogs of galactosylceramide (GalCer) bind to the V3 domain of HIV-1 gp120 and inhibit HIV-1-induced fusion and entry.
AuthorsFantini J, Hammache D, Delézay O, Yahi N, André-Barrès C, Rico-Lattes I, Lattes A
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID9054420
Galactosylceramide (GalCer) is an alternative receptor allowing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 entry into CD4-negative cells of neural and colonic origin. Several lines of evidence suggest that this glycosphingolipid recognizes the V3 region of HIV-1 surface envelope glycoprotein gp120. Since the V3 loop plays a key role in the fusion process ... More
Milieu matters: An in vitro wound milieu to recapitulate key features of, and probe new insights into, mixed-species bacterial biofilms.
Authors
JournalBiofilm
PubMed ID33912828
The Proline/Arginine Dipeptide from Hexanucleotide Repeat Expanded C9ORF72 Inhibits the Proteasome.
Authors
JournalEneuro
PubMed ID28197542
Protocol for establishing organoids from human ovarian cancer biopsies.
Authors
JournalSTAR Protoc
PubMed ID33870230
Omeprazole attenuates hyperoxic injury in H441 cells via the aryl hydrocarbon receptor.
Authors
JournalFree Radic Biol Med
PubMed ID21906671
Micafungin activity against Candida albicans with diverse azole resistance phenotypes.
Authors
JournalJ Antimicrob Chemother
PubMed ID18436555
Maintenance of Mitochondrial Morphology in Cryptococcus neoformans Is Critical for Stress Resistance and Virulence.