HLA-A3 Antibodies

Target Information

HLA-A3 is a subtype of the HLA class I heavy chain paralogues, existing in two forms: HLA-A3.1 and HLA-A3.2, which differ at amino acid positions 152 and 156. HLA class I molecules are heterodimers consisting of a heavy chain and a light chain (beta-2 microglobulin), with the heavy chain anchored in the membrane. These molecules are highly polymorphic cell surface glycoproteins expressed on nearly all nucleated cells. HLA class I molecules play a central role in the immune system by presenting intracellular peptides derived from the endoplasmic reticulum lumen on the cell surface. Non-native peptides are recognized by circulating cytotoxic T lymphocytes, facilitating immune surveillance. The heavy chain of HLA-A is approximately 45 kDa and its gene contains 8 exons. Exons 2 and 3 encode the alpha1 and alpha2 domains, which bind the peptide, while exon 4 encodes the alpha3 domain, exon 5 encodes the transmembrane region, and exons 6 and 7 encode the cytoplasmic tail. Polymorphisms within exons 2 and 3 determine the peptide binding specificity of each class I molecule, and typing for these polymorphisms is routinely performed for bone marrow and kidney transplantation. Hundreds of HLA-A alleles have been described, and HLA and MHC antibodies are crucial in immunopeptidomics, aiding in the identification and characterization of neoantigens through techniques such as high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry.

Synonyms

A29 protein; antigen presenting molecule; Aw-33; Aw-74; HLA A; HLA class I antigen; HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, A alpha chain; HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, A-1 alpha chain; HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, A-30 alpha chain; HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, A-33 alpha chain; HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, A-74 alpha chain; HLA locus; HLAA; HLA-A; HLA-A locus alpha 2 domain; HLA-A null; HLA-A11; HLA-A33; HLA-Aw33.1; HLA-DQB1; HLA-DRB1; Human leukocyte antigen A; leukocyte antigen class I-A; major histocompatibility complex, class I, A; MCH class I antigen; MHC class 1 antigen; MHC class I anti; MHC Class I antigen; MHC class I antigen A*30; MHC class I antigen A*33; MHC class I antigen A*74; MHC class I antigen heavy chain; MHC class I antigen HLA-A heavy chain; MHC class I antigen HLA-A33; MHC class I antigen null protein; MHC class I antigene; MHC class II antigen; MHC classI antigen; truncated MHC class I antigen