Molecular cloning of translocation t(1;14)(q21;q32) defines a novel gene (BCL9) at chromosome 1q21.
AuthorsWillis TG, Zalcberg IR, Coignet LJ, Wlodarska I, Stul M, Jadayel DM, Bastard C, Treleaven JG, Catovsky D, Silva ML, Dyer MJ
JournalBlood
PubMed ID9490669
Abnormalities of chromosome 1q21 are common in B-cell malignancies and have been associated with a poor response to therapy. The nature of the involved gene(s) on chromosome 1q21 remains unknown. A cell line (CEMO- 1) has recently been established from a patient with precursor-B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), which exhibited ... More
Molecular cloning and biological activity of a novel lysyl oxidase-related gene expressed in cartilage.
We cloned a cDNA encoding a novel lysyl oxidase-related protein, named LOXC, by suppression subtractive hybridization between differentiated and calcified ATDC5 cells, a clonal mouse chondrogenic EC cell line. The deduced amino acid sequence of mouse LOXC consists of 757 amino acids and shows 50% identity with that of mouse ... More
Differential gene expression between developing queens and workers in the honey bee, Apis mellifera [see comments]
AuthorsEvans JD, Wheeler DE
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID10318926
'Many insects show polyphenisms, or alternative morphologies, which are based on differential gene expression rather than genetic polymorphism. Queens and workers are alternative forms of the adult female honey bee and represent one of the best known examples of insect polyphenism. Hormonal regulation of caste determination in honey bees has ... More
The mouse pale ear (ep) mutation is the homologue of human Hermansky- Pudlak syndrome.
AuthorsGardner JM, Wildenberg SC, Keiper NM, Novak EK, Rusiniak ME, Swank RT, Puri N, Finger JN, Hagiwara N, Lehman AL, Gales TL, Bayer ME, King RA, Brilliant MH
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID9256466
'The recessive mutation at the pale ear (ep) locus on mouse chromosome 19 was found to be the homologue of human Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS). A positional cloning strategy using yeast artificial chromosomes spanning the HPS locus was used to identify the HPS gene and its murine counterpart. These genes and ... More
A novel N-terminal splice variant of the rat H+-K+-ATPase alpha2 subunit. Cloning, functional expression, and renal adaptive response to chronic hypokalemia.
AuthorsKone BC, Higham SC
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID9446555
'The H+-K+-ATPase of renal collecting duct mediates K+ conservation during chronic hypokalemia. K+ deprivation promotes H+-K+-ATPase alpha2 (HKalpha2) gene expression in the medullary collecting duct, the principal site of active K+ reabsorption, suggesting that this isozyme contributes to renal K+ reclamation. We report here that alternative transcriptional initiation and mRNA ... More
Cell adhesion regulates gene expression at translational checkpoints in human myeloid leukocytes.
Authors Mahoney T S; Weyrich A S; Dixon D A; McIntyre T; Prescott S M; Zimmerman G A;
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID11517314
'Engagement of adhesion molecules on monocytes and other myeloid leukocytes, which are effector cells of the innate immune system, not only tethers the leukocytes in place but also transmits outside-in signals that induce functional changes and alter gene expression. We found that a subset of mRNAs that are induced or ... More
rRNA-like sequences occur in diverse primary transcripts: implications for the control of gene expression.
AuthorsMauro VP, Edelman GM
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID9012798
'Many eukaryotic mRNAs contain sequences that resemble segments of 28S and 18S rRNAs, and these rRNA-like sequences are present in both the sense and antisense orientations. Some are similar to highly conserved regions of the rRNAs, whereas others have sequence similarities to expansion segments. In particular, four 18S rRNA-like sequences ... More
Inhibition of presenilin 1 expression is promoted by p53 and p21WAF-1 and results in apoptosis and tumor suppression.
AuthorsRoperch JP, Alvaro V, Prieur S, Tuynder M, Nemani M, Lethrosne F, Piouffre L, Gendron MC, Israeli D, Dausset J, Oren M, Amson R, Telerman A
JournalNat Med
PubMed ID9662377
'Previously, we cloned a cDNA fragment, TSIP 2 (tumor suppressor inhibited pathway clone 2), that detects by northern blot analysis of M1-LTR6 cells a 3-kb mRNA downregulated during p53-induced apoptosis. Cloning the full-length TSIP 2 cDNA showed that it corresponds to the presenilin 1 (PS1) gene, in which mutations have ... More
A directly spliced exon 10-containing CD44 variant promotes the metastasis and homotypic aggregation of aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
AuthorsYakushijin Y, Steckel J, Kharbanda S, Hasserjian R, Neuberg D, Jiang W, Anderson I, Shipp MA
JournalBlood
PubMed ID9596677
'Variants of the CD44 cell-surface adhesion molecule include additional sequences encoded by combinations of exons from the membrane proximal domain (exons 6-14). Preliminary studies suggest that these additional variable membrane proximal sequences may alter the ligand specificity, glycosylation, and biologic function of CD44. In earlier studies, we found that primary ... More
Two distinct TATA-less promoters direct tissue-specific expression of the rat apo-B editing catalytic polypeptide 1 gene.
AuthorsQian X, Balestra ME, Innerarity TL
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID9218436
'The species and tissue specificity of apolipoprotein (apo) B mRNA editing is determined by the expression of apoB editing catalytic polypeptide 1 (APOBEC-1), the cytidine deaminase that catalyzes apoB mRNA editing. To understand the molecular mechanisms that regulate the transcription of APOBEC-1, we characterized rat APOBEC-1 cDNA and genomic DNA. ... More
Identification of a new class of protein kinases represented by eukaryotic elongation factor-2 kinase.
'The several hundred members of the eukaryotic protein kinase superfamily characterized to date share a similar catalytic domain structure, consisting of 12 conserved subdomains. Here we report the existence and wide occurrence in eukaryotes of a protein kinase with a completely different structure. We cloned and sequenced the human, mouse, ... More
A new member of the tumor necrosis factor/nerve growth factor receptor family inhibits T cell receptor-induced apoptosis.
AuthorsNocentini G, Giunchi L, Ronchetti S, Krausz LT, Bartoli A, Moraca R, Migliorati G, Riccardi C
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID9177197
'By comparing untreated and dexamethasone-treated murine T cell hybridoma (3DO) cells by the differential display technique, we have cloned a new gene, GITR (glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor family-related gene) encoding a new member of the tumor necrosis factor/nerve growth factor receptor family. GITR is a 228- amino acids type ... More
The I/LWEQ module: a conserved sequence that signifies F-actin binding in functionally diverse proteins from yeast to mammals.
AuthorsMcCann RO, Craig SW
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID9159132
'Talin is an actin-binding protein involved in integrin-mediated cell adhesion and spreading. The C-terminal 197 amino acids of vertebrate talin are 45% similar to the C-terminal residues of Sla2, a yeast protein implicated in polarized assembly of the yeast actin cytoskeleton. Talin is also homologous in this region to nematode ... More
Individual variations in the murine T cell response to a specific peptide reflect variability in naive repertoires.
AuthorsBousso P, Casrouge A, Altman JD, Haury M, Kanellopoulos J, Abastado JP, Kourilsky P
JournalImmunity
PubMed ID9729037
'Previous studies have analyzed the diversity of T cell responses upon immunization. Little is known, however, about the individual variability of naive repertoires and its influence on immune responses. In the present study, T cells specific for a Kd-restricted epitope derived from HLA-A2 were purified from individual immunized mice using ... More
Set9, a novel histone H3 methyltransferase that facilitates transcription by precluding histone tail modifications required for heterochromatin formation.
'A novel histone methyltransferase, termed Set9, was isolated from human cells. Set9 contains a SET domain, but lacks the pre- and post-SET domains. Set9 methylates specifically lysine 4 (K4) of histone H3 (H3-K4) and potentiates transcription activation. The histone H3 tail interacts specifically with the histone deacetylase NuRD complex. Methylation ... More
Cone-rod dystrophy due to mutations in a novel photoreceptor-specific homeobox gene (CRX) essential for maintenance of the photoreceptor.
AuthorsFreund CL, Gregory-Evans CY, Furukawa T, Papaioannou M, Looser J, Ploder L, Bellingham J, Ng D, Herbrick JA, Duncan A, Scherer SW, Tsui LC, Loutradis-Anagnostou A, Jacobson SG, Cepko CL, Bhattacharya SS, McInnes RR
JournalCell
PubMed ID9390563
'Genes associated with inherited retinal degeneration have been found to encode proteins required for phototransduction, metabolism, or structural support of photoreceptors. Here we show that mutations in a novel photoreceptor-specific homeodomain transcription factor gene (CRX) cause an autosomal dominant form of cone-rod dystrophy (adCRD) at the CORD2 locus on chromosome ... More
Excision of IS492 requires flanking target sequences and results incircle formation in Pseudoalteromonas atlantica.
AuthorsPerkins-Balding D, Duval-Valentin G, Glasgow AC
JournalJ Bacteriol
PubMed ID10438765
'The gram-negative marine bacterium Pseudoalteromonas atlantica produces extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) that isimportant in biofilm formation by this bacterium. Insertion and precise excision of IS492 at a locus essential forextracellular polysaccharide production (eps) controls phase variation of EPS production in P. atlantica. Examinationof IS492 transposition in P. atlantica by using a ... More
Xath5 participates in a network of bHLH genes in the developing Xenopus retina [published erratum appears in Neuron 1998 Nov;21(5):following 1221]
AuthorsKanekar S, Perron M, Dorsky R, Harris WA, Jan LY, Jan YN, Vetter ML
JournalNeuron
PubMed ID9390513
'We examined the function of basic-helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors during retinal neurogenesis. We identified Xath5, a Xenopus bHLH gene related to Drosophila atonal, which is expressed in the developing Xenopus retina. Targeted expression of Xath5 in retinal progenitor cells biased the differentiation of these cells toward a ganglion cell fate, ... More
The deafness-associated mitochondrial DNA mutation at position 7445, which affects tRNASer(UCN) precursor processing, has long-range effects on NADH dehydrogenase subunit ND6 gene expression.
AuthorsGuan MX, Enriquez JA, Fischel-Ghodsian N, Puranam RS, Lin CP, Maw MA, Attardi G
JournalMol Cell Biol
PubMed ID9742104
'The pathogenetic mechanism of the deafness-associated mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) T7445C mutation has been investigated in several lymphoblastoid cell lines from members of a New Zealand pedigree exhibiting the mutation in homoplasmic form and from control individuals. We show here that the mutation flanks the 3'' end of the tRNASer(UCN) gene ... More
Death receptor 5, a new member of the TNFR family, and DR4 induce FADD- dependent apoptosis and activate the NF-kappaB pathway.
AuthorsChaudhary PM, Eby M, Jasmin A, Bookwalter A, Murray J, Hood L
JournalImmunity
PubMed ID9430227
'Death receptor 4 (DR4) is a recently described receptor for the cytotoxic ligand TRAIL that reportedly uses a FADD-independent pathway to induce apoptosis and does not activate the NF-kappaB pathway. We have isolated a new member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) family, designated DR5, which bears a high ... More
Positional cloning identifies zebrafish one-eyed pinhead as a permissive EGF-related ligand required during gastrulation.
AuthorsZhang J, Talbot WS, Schier AF
JournalCell
PubMed ID9458048
'The zebrafish one-eyed pinhead (oep) mutation disrupts embryonic development, resulting in cyclopia and defects in endoderm, prechordal plate, and ventral neuroectoderm formation. We report the molecular isolation of oep using a positional cloning approach. The oep gene encodes a novel EGF-related protein with similarity to the EGF-CFC proteins cripto, cryptic, ... More
T cell receptor recognition of MHC class II-bound peptide flanking residues enhances immunogenicity and results in altered TCR V region usage.
AuthorsCarson RT, Vignali KM, Woodland DL, Vignali DA
JournalImmunity
PubMed ID9324359
'Naturally processed MHC class II-bound peptides possess ragged NH2 and COOH termini. It is not known whether these peptide flanking residues (PFRs), which lie outside the MHC anchor residues, are recognized by the TCR or influence immunogenicity. Here we analyzed T cell responses to the COOH-terminal PFR of the H-2A(k) ... More
Cloning and characterization of two Toll/Interleukin-1 receptor-like genes TIL3 and TIL4: evidence for a multi-gene receptor family in humans.
AuthorsChaudhary PM, Ferguson C, Nguyen V, Nguyen O, Massa HF, Eby M, Jasmin A, Trask BJ, Hood L, Nelson PS
JournalBlood
PubMed ID9596645
'Remarkable structural and functional similarities exist between the Drosophila Toll/Cactus/Dorsal signaling pathway and the mammalian cytokine-mediated interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1R)/I-kappaB/NF-kappaB activation cascade. In addition to a role regulating dorsal-ventral polarity in the developing Drosophila embryo, signaling through Drosophila Toll (dToll) activates the nonclonal, or innate, immune response in the adult fly. ... More
MLL is fused to CBP, a histone acetyltransferase, in therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia with a t(11;16)(q23;p13.3).
AuthorsSobulo OM, Borrow J, Tomek R, Reshmi S, Harden A, Schlegelberger B, Housman D, Doggett NA, Rowley JD, Zeleznik-Le NJ
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID9238046
'The recurring translocation t(11;16)(q23;p13.3) has been documented only in cases of acute leukemia or myelodysplasia secondary to therapy with drugs targeting DNA topoisomerase II. We show that the MLL gene is fused to the gene that codes for CBP (CREB-binding protein), the protein that binds specifically to the DNA-binding protein ... More
Coordinate regulation of complex T cell populations responding to bacterial infection.
AuthorsBusch DH, Pilip IM, Vijh S, Pamer EG
JournalImmunity
PubMed ID9529152
'Bacterial infections activate complex T cell populations that differ in size and antigen specificity. We used tetramerized MHC class I molecules complexed with Listeria monocytogenes-derived epitopes to characterize four distinct CD8+ T lymphocyte populations during bacterial infection. Surprisingly, T cell populations differing in antigen specificity expand, contract, and enter the ... More
In vivo site-directed mutagenesis of the factor IX gene by chimeric RNA/DNA oligonucleotides [see comments]
AuthorsKren BT, Bandyopadhyay P, Steer CJ
JournalNat Med
PubMed ID9500600
A chimeric RNA/DNA oligonucleotide was constructed to induce a sequence mutation in the rat factor IX gene, resulting in prolonged coagulation. Oligonucleotides were targeted to hepatocytes in cell culture or in vivo by intravenous injection. Nucleotide conversion was both site- specific and dose-dependent. The mutated gene was associated in vivo ... More
A novel suppressor of cell death in plants encoded by the Lls1 gene of maize.
AuthorsGray J, Close PS, Briggs SP, Johal GS
JournalCell
PubMed ID9094711
The Lls1 (lethal leaf spot1) locus of maize is defined by a recessive mutation characterized by the initiation, in a developmentally programmed manner, of necrotic lesions that expand to kill leaves cell autonomously. The loss-of-function nature of all Lls1 mutants implies that the Lls1 gene is required to limit the ... More
Structure of two iron-binding proteins from Bacillus anthracis.
Bacillus anthracis is currently under intense investigation due to its primary importance as a human pathogen. Particularly important is the development of novel anti-anthrax vaccines, devoid of the current side effects. A novel class of immunogenic bacterial proteins consists of dodecamers homologous to the DNA-binding protein of Escherichia coli (Dps). ... More
V(D)J recombination in Ku86-deficient mice: distinct effects on coding, signal, and hybrid joint formation.
AuthorsBogue MA, Wang C, Zhu C, Roth DB
JournalImmunity
PubMed ID9252118
Ku, a heterodimer of 70 and 86 kDa subunits, plays a critical but poorly understood role in V(D)J recombination. Although Ku86-deficient mice are defective in coding and signal joint formation, rare recombination products have been detected by PCR. Here, we report nucleotide sequences of 99 junctions from Ku86-deficient mice. Over ... More
Mutation of the Ca2+ channel beta subunit gene Cchb4 is associated with ataxia and seizures in the lethargic (lh) mouse.
AuthorsBurgess DL, Jones JM, Meisler MH, Noebels JL
JournalCell
PubMed ID9039265
Ca2+ channel beta subunits regulate voltage-dependent calcium currents through direct interaction with alpha 1 subunits. The beta- and alpha 1- binding motifs are conserved, and all beta subunits can stimulate current amplitude, voltage dependence, and kinetics when coexpressed with various alpha 1 subunits. We used a positional candidate approach to ... More
Inhibition of translation by UAUUUAU and UAUUUUUAU motifs of the AU-rich RNA instability element in the HPV-1 late 3' untranslated region.
The human papillomavirus type 1 (HPV-1) late mRNAs contain a 57-nucleotide adenosine- and uridine-rich RNA instability element termed h1ARE in their late 3' untranslated regions. Here we show that five sequence motifs in the h1ARE (named I-V) affect the mRNA half-life in an additive manner. The minimal inhibitory sequence in ... More
The tetraspan protein CD82 is a resident of MHC class II compartments where it associates with HLA-DR, -DM, and -DO molecules.
AuthorsHammond C, Denzin LK, Pan M, Griffith JM, Geuze HJ, Cresswell P
JournalJ Immunol
PubMed ID9759843
In specialized APCs, MHC class II molecules are synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum and transported through the Golgi apparatus to organelles of the endocytic pathway collectively called MHC class II compartments (MIICs). There, the class II-associated invariant chain is degraded, and peptides derived from internalized Ag bind to empty class ... More
Affinity maturation in Lyn kinase-deficient mice with defective germinal center formation.
AuthorsKato J, Motoyama N, Taniuchi I, Takeshita H, Toyoda M, Masuda K, Watanabe T
JournalJ Immunol
PubMed ID9590225
Lyn kinase-deficient (lyn-/-) mice show several abnormalities such as reduced numbers of circulating B cells, hyper-IgM, and low proliferative responses induced by CD40 ligand. Lyn-/- mice also develop splenomegaly, produce autoreactive Abs with age, and finally develop glomerulonephritis. Another abnormality observed in lyn-/- mice is that their disability to form ... More
Deregulation of cell growth by the K1 gene of Kaposi's sarcoma- associated herpesvirus.
AuthorsLee H, Veazey R, Williams K, Li M, Guo J, Neipel F, Fleckenstein B, Lackner A, Desrosiers RC, Jung JU
JournalNat Med
PubMed ID9546789
At a position equivalent to the gene encoding the saimiri transforming protein (STP) of herpesvirus saimiri (HVS), Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) contains a distinct open reading frame called K1. Although KSHV and HVS are related members of the rhadinovirus subgroup of gamma herpesviruses, K1 and STP exhibit no similarity in ... More
Mouse CD1-autoreactive T cells have diverse patterns of reactivity to CD1+ targets.
AuthorsBrossay L, Tangri S, Bix M, Cardell S, Locksley R, Kronenberg M
JournalJ Immunol
PubMed ID9558068
Humans and mice contain significant populations of T cells that are reactive for autologous CD1 molecules. Using a panel of five mouse CD1 (mCD1)-autoreactive T cell hybridomas, we show here that this autoreactivity does not correlate with the level of CD1 expression. In some cases, these autoreactive T cells can ... More
Vascular endothelial growth factor is essential for corpus luteum angiogenesis.
The development and endocrine function of the ovarian corpus luteum (CL) are dependent on the growth of new capillary vessels. Although several molecules have been implicated as mediators of CL angiogenesis, at present there is no direct evidence for the involvement of any. Here we report the unexpected finding that ... More
Effect of antigen-processing efficiency on in vivo T cell response magnitudes.
AuthorsVijh S, Pilip IM, Pamer EG
JournalJ Immunol
PubMed ID9558105
T lymphocytes eradicate and provide long-term immunity to infections caused by intracellular pathogens. The mechanisms that determine in vivo T cell response sizes are poorly understood. Although it is speculated that the relative processing efficiency of different epitopes determines the hierarchy of T cell responses following immunization, this hypothesis has ... More
Characterization and use of an antibody detecting the CBFbeta-SMMHC fusion protein in inv(16)/t(16;16)-associated acute myeloid leukemias.
AuthorsViswanatha DS, Chen I, Liu PP, Slovak ML, Rankin C, Head DR, Willman CL
JournalBlood
PubMed ID9490670
The inv(16)(p13q22) and t(16;16)(p13;q22) cytogenetic abnormalities occur commonly in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), typically associated with French-American-British (FAB) AML-M4Eo subtype. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) techniques have been recently developed to detect the presence of several variants of the resultant CBFB-MYH11 fusion gene that encodes a CBFbeta-smooth muscle myosin heavy ... More
SMRT corepressor interacts with PLZF and with the PML-retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARalpha) and PLZF-RARalpha oncoproteins associated with acute promyelocytic leukemia.
AuthorsHong SH, David G, Wong CW, Dejean A, Privalsky ML
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID9256429
Retinoic acid receptors (RARs) are hormone-regulated transcription factors that control key aspects of normal differentiation. Aberrant RAR activity may be a causal factor in neoplasia. Human acute promyelocytic leukemia, for example, is tightly linked to chromosomal translocations that fuse novel amino acid sequences (denoted PML, PLZF, and NPM) to the ... More
Localization of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus in bone marrow biopsy samples from patients with multiple myeloma [see comments]
AuthorsSaid JW, Rettig MR, Heppner K, Vescio RA, Schiller G, Ma HJ, Belson D, Savage A, Shintaku IP, Koeffler HP, Asou H, Pinkus G, Pinkus J, Schrage M, Green E, Berenson JR
JournalBlood
PubMed ID9373238
We have recently demonstrated the presence of Kaposi's sarcoma- associated herpesvirus (KSHV) in cultured bone marrow (BM) stromal dendritic cells from all patients with myeloma studied. To show that these findings were not an artifact of tissue culture, we performed in situ hybridization (ISH) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to ... More
IB4-binding DRG neurons switch from NGF to GDNF dependence in early postnatal life.
AuthorsMolliver DC, Wright DE, Leitner ML, Parsadanian AS, Doster K, Wen D, Yan Q, Snider WD
JournalNeuron
PubMed ID9354331
We have tested the role of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) in regulating a group of putatively nociceptive dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons that do not express calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and that downregulate the nerve growth factor (NGF) receptor tyrosine kinase, TrkA, after birth. We show that mRNA ... More
The origin of red algae: implications for plastid evolution.
AuthorsStiller JW, Hall BD
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID9114022
The origin of the red algae has remained an enigma. Historically the Rhodophyta were classified first as plants and later as the most ancient eukaryotic organisms. Recent molecular studies have indicated similarities between red and green plastids, which suggest that there was a single endosymbiotic origin for these organelles in ... More
A genetic analysis of integrin function: Glanzmann thrombasthenia in vitro.
Glanzmann thrombasthenia, an inherited bleeding disorder, can be caused by a defect or deficiency in platelet integrin alphaIIb beta3 (GPIIb- IIIa). Studies of thrombasthenia variants have facilitated identification of sites involved in the functions of alphaIIb beta3 and other integrins. Such sites include those that bind ligand and those that ... More
Ras-dependent, Ca2+-stimulated activation of nuclear factor of activated T cells by a constitutively active Cbl mutant in T cells.
AuthorsLiu YC, Elly C, Langdon WY, Altman A
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID8995243
T cell receptor (TCR) stimulation induces rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of cellular proteins, including Cbl, a protooncogene product whose function remains unclear. As a first step toward elucidating the function of Cbl in TCR-initiated signaling, we evaluated the ability of wild-type Cbl or a transforming Cbl mutant (70Z/3) to induce transcriptional ... More
Unexpected genetic and structural relationships of a long-forgotten flavoenzyme to NAD(P)H:quinone reductase (DT-diaphorase) [published erratum appears in Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1997 May 27;94(11):5979]
AuthorsZhao Q, Yang XL, Holtzclaw WD, Talalay P
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID9050836
A mammalian cytosolic FAD-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the reduction of quinones by N-ribosyl- and N-alkyldihydronicotinamides, but not by NADH, NADPH, or NMNH (reduced nicotinamide mononucleotide), was isolated from bovine kidney more than 30 years ago [S. Liao, J. T. Dulaney and H. G. Williams-Ashman (1962) J. Biol. Chem. 237, 2981- ... More
Interleukin (IL) 1beta, IL-1 receptor antagonist, IL-10, and IL-13 gene expression in the central nervous system and anterior pituitary during systemic inflammation: pathophysiological implications.
The pathophysiology of systemic inflammation and sepsis involves peripheral organs, causing gastrointestinal, renal, and cardiovascular alterations, as well as the central nervous system (CNS), affecting sleep, temperature regulation, behavior, and neuroendocrine function. The molecular basis of the CNS effects of systemic inflammation are not fully elucidated. Here we show that ... More
Molecular analysis of the third component of canine complement (C3) and identification of the mutation responsible for hereditary canine C3 deficiency.
AuthorsAmeratunga R, Winkelstein JA, Brody L, Binns M, Cork LC, Colombani P, Valle D
JournalJ Immunol
PubMed ID9510185
Genetically determined deficiency of the third component of complement (C3) in the dog is characterized by a predisposition to recurrent bacterial infections and to type 1 membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis. The current studies were undertaken to characterize the cDNA for wild-type canine C3 and identify the molecular basis for hereditary canine C3 ... More
Control of PKR protein kinase by hepatitis C virus nonstructural 5A protein: molecular mechanisms of kinase regulation.
AuthorsGale M Jr, Blakely CM, Kwieciszewski B, Tan SL, Dossett M, Tang NM, Korth MJ, Polyak SJ, Gretch DR, Katze MG
JournalMol Cell Biol
PubMed ID9710605
The PKR protein kinase is a critical component of the cellular antiviral and antiproliferative responses induced by interferons. Recent evidence indicates that the nonstructural 5A (NS5A) protein of hepatitis C virus (HCV) can repress PKR function in vivo, possibly allowing HCV to escape the antiviral effects of interferon. NS5A presents ... More
The accessory subunit of Xenopus laevis mitochondrial DNA polymerase gamma increases processivity of the catalytic subunit of human DNA polymerase gamma and is related to class II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases.
AuthorsCarrodeguas JA, Kobayashi R, Lim SE, Copeland WC, Bogenhagen DF
JournalMol Cell Biol
PubMed ID10330144
Peptide sequences obtained from the accessory subunit of Xenopus laevis mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) polymerase gamma (pol gamma) were used to clone the cDNA encoding this protein. Amino-terminal sequencing of the mitochondrial protein indicated the presence of a 44-amino-acid mitochondrial targeting sequence, leaving a predicted mature protein with 419 amino acids ... More
Stable gene transfer and expression of human blood coagulation factor IX after intramuscular injection of recombinant adeno-associated virus.
AuthorsHerzog RW, Hagstrom JN, Kung SH, Tai SJ, Wilson JM, Fisher KJ, High KA
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID9159155
We sought to determine whether intramuscular injection of a recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vector expressing human factor IX (hF.IX) could direct expression of therapeutic levels of the transgene in experimental animals. High titer (10(12)-10(13) vector genomes/ml) rAAV expressing hF.IX was prepared, purified, and injected into hindlimb muscles of C57BL/6 mice ... More
Evolution of HIV-1 coreceptor usage through interactions with distinct CCR5 and CXCR4 domains.
AuthorsLu Z, Berson JF, Chen Y, Turner JD, Zhang T, Sharron M, Jenks MH, Wang Z, Kim J, Rucker J, Hoxie JA, Peiper SC, Doms RW
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID9177234
The chemokine receptor CXCR4 functions as a fusion coreceptor for T cell tropic and dual-tropic HIV-1 strains. To identify regions of CXCR4 that are important for coreceptor function, CXCR4-CXCR2 receptor chimeras were tested for the ability to support HIV-1 envelope (env) protein-mediated membrane fusion. Receptor chimeras containing the first and ... More
Differential display of genome subsets containing specific interspersed repeats.
AuthorsBroude NE, Chandra A, Smith CL
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID9114027
A genomic differential display method was developed that analyzes many restriction fragment length polymorphisms simultaneously. Interspersed repeat sequences were used to reduce DNA sample complexity and to target genomic subsets of interest. This work focused on trinucleotide repeats because of their importance in human inherited diseases. Immobilized repeat-containing oligonucleotides were ... More
Quantitative detection of immune activation transcripts as a diagnostic tool in kidney transplantation.
AuthorsStrehlau J, Pavlakis M, Lipman M, Shapiro M, Vasconcellos L, Harmon W, Strom TB
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID9012847
Procedures to diagnose renal allograft rejection depend upon detection of graft dysfunction and the presence of a mononuclear leukocytic infiltrate; however, the presence of a modest cellular infiltrate is often not conclusive and can be detected in non-rejecting grafts. We have pursued a molecular approach utilizing reverse transcription (RT)- PCR ... More
A transgenic mouse model for measles virus infection of the brain.
AuthorsRall GF, Manchester M, Daniels LR, Callahan EM, Belman AR, Oldstone MB
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID9114047
In addition to the rash, fever, and upper respiratory tract congestion that are the hallmarks of acute measles virus (MV) infection, invasion of the central nervous system (CNS) can occur, establishing a persistent infection primarily in neurons. The recent identification of the human membrane glycoprotein, CD46, as the MV receptor ... More
An imprinted, mammalian bicistronic transcript encodes two independent proteins.
AuthorsGray TA, Saitoh S, Nicholls RD
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID10318933
Polycistronic transcripts are common in prokaryotes but rare in eukaryotes. Phylogenetic analysis of the SNRPN (SmN) mRNA in five eutherian mammals reveals a second highly conserved coding sequence, termed SNURF (SNRPN upstream reading frame). The vast majority of nucleotide substitutions in SNURF occur in the wobble codon position, providing strong ... More
Discovery of a second 15S-lipoxygenase in humans.
AuthorsBrash AR, Boeglin WE, Chang MS
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID9177185
The lipoxygenase metabolism of arachidonic acid occurs in specific blood cell types and epithelial tissues and is activated in inflammation and tissue injury. In the course of studying lipoxygenase expression in human skin, we detected and characterized a previously unrecognized enzyme that at least partly accounts for the 15S- lipoxygenase ... More
Identification of estrogen receptor beta2, a functional variant of estrogen receptor beta expressed in normal rat tissues.
AuthorsPetersen DN, Tkalcevic GT, Koza-Taylor PH, Turi TG, Brown TA
JournalEndocrinology
PubMed ID9492041
The effects of estrogen and estrogen agonists can be mediated by estrogen receptor alpha (ER alpha) and estrogen receptor beta (ER beta). We now report the identification and initial characterization of several novel isoforms of rat ER beta messenger RNA (mRNA). The most abundant of these mRNA variants we have ... More
PCR-mediated recombination: a general method applied to construct chimeric infectious molecular clones of plasma-derived HIV-1 RNA.
AuthorsFang G, Weiser B, Visosky A, Moran T, Burger H
JournalNature Medicine
PubMed ID9930876
A PCR-based approach was developed that provides a powerful tool for engineering recombinant molecules without reliance on restriction sites. DNA sequences were first amplified by high-fidelity PCR using Pfu polymerase; they were then used both as 'megaprimers' and templates in subsequent asymmetric long PCR amplifications to form chimeric clones. To ... More
Fusion of green fluorescent protein with the Zeocin-resistance marker allows visual screening and drug selection of transfected eukaryotic cells.
AuthorsBennett RP, Cox CA, Hoeffler JP
JournalAnal Biochem
PubMed ID9526661
Green fluorescent protein (GFP) and the Zeocin-resistance gene Sh ble (ZeoR) were fused together to generate a bifunctional protein for the identification and selection of transfected mammalian cells. Expression of this hybrid selectable marker, GFP-ZeoR, was visually detected and conferred Zeocin resistance in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. This selectable marker provides ... More
Immunogene therapy of tumors with vaccine based on Xenopus homologous vascular endothelial growth factor as a model antigen.
Authors Wei Y Q; Huang M J; Yang L; Zhao X; Tian L; Lu Y; Shu J M; Lu C J; Niu T; Kang B; Mao Y Q; Liu F; Wen Y J; Lei S; Luo F; Zhou L Q; Peng F; Jiang Y; Liu J Y; Zhou H; Wang Q R; He Q M; Xiao F; Lou Y Y; Xie X J; Li Q; Wu Y; Ding Z Y; Hu B; Hu M; Zhang W;
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID11553767
Overcoming immune tolerance of the growth factors associated with tumor growth should be a useful approach to cancer therapy by active immunity. We used vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) as a model antigen to explore the feasibility of the immunogene tumor therapy with a vaccine based on a single xenogeneic ... More
Post-translational processing of bovine chondromodulin-I.
Authors Azizan A; Holaday N; Neame P J;
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID11323410
Chondromodulin-I (ChM-I) is a small glycoprotein that is abundant in fetal cartilage. Mature chondromodulin-I is processed from a larger precursor form, presumably at a proteolytic site RERR-ELVR. The precursor, mature chondromodulin-I and two processed products, the remnant left after removal of mature chondromodulin-I and a smaller, unglycosylated form, were identified ... More