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Product Details
RP-88978
Applications
Tested Dilution
Publications
Product Specifications
Species
Human
Expression System
E. coli
Amino acid sequence
NRCLQRKMTGEPDNNRSTSVELTGDPNKTRGAPEALMANSGEPWSPSYLGP
Tag
His-ABP-tag
Class
Recombinant
Type
Protein
Purity
>80% by SDS-PAGE and Coomassie blue staining
Conjugate
Form
Liquid
Concentration
≥5.0 mg/mL
Purification
purified
Storage buffer
1M urea/PBS, pH 7.4
Contains
no preservative
Storage conditions
-20° C, Avoid Freeze/Thaw Cycles
Shipping conditions
Wet ice
Product Specific Information
Highest antigen sequence indentity to the following orthologs: Mouse (69%), Rat (69%).^M
^M
This recombinant protein control fragment may be used for blocking experiments with the corresponding antibody, PA5-55937. In IHC/ICC and WB experiments, we recommend a 100x molar excess of the protein fragment control based on the concentration and the molecular weight. Pre-incubate the antibody-protein control fragment mixture for 30 min at room temperature.
Target Information
GPR109A (also known as HCA2, HM74a, and NIACR1) is a 42kDa G-protein coupled receptor that belongs to a family of three hydroxyl-carboxylic acid receptors, which also include GPR109B and GPR81. GPR109A has two known ligands: niacin and butyrate (or its derivative 3-hydroxybutyrate). The endogenous ligands for GPR109B and GPR81 are 3-hydroxyl-octanoic acid and 2-hydroxy-propanoate (lactate), respectively. GPR109A is expressed on adipocytes, neutrophils, Langerhans cells, keratinocytes, intestinal epithelial cells, and intestinal colonic macrophages. Niacin, also known as nicotinic acid or vitamin B3, is known to improve cholesterol metabolism (LDL/HDL ratio) and reduce inflammation. It has been demonstrated that this effect is mediated through GPR109A. Notably, GPR109A also has an essential role in suppressing inflammation and cancer in the colon. Both GPR109A ligands are produced by colonic commensal bacteria. In mice, GPR109A expression on intestinal epithelial cells and DCs/macrophages contributes to the suppression of colitis and colon cancer. In humans, GPR109A is silenced in colon carcinoma cells by DNA methylation, which increases inflammation in the intestinal tract.
For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures. Not for resale without express authorization.
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Bioinformatics
Protein Aliases: G protein-coupled receptor 109A; G protein-coupled receptor HM74a; G-protein coupled receptor 109A; G-protein coupled receptor HM74A; hydroxy-carboxylic acid receptor 2; Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2; Niacin receptor 1; Nicotinic acid receptor; PUMA-G. GPR109
Gene Aliases: GPR109A; HCA2; HCAR2; HM74A; HM74b; NIACR1; Puma-g; PUMAG
UniProt ID: (Human) Q8TDS4
Entrez Gene ID: (Human) 338442
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