BST-2 (CD317) Proteins

Protein Information

BST2 (CD317, HM1.24 antigen, DAMP-2, tetherin) is an integral membrane protein that is involved in the development and growth of B-cells. The surface expression of BST2 on fibroblast cell lines facilitated the stromal cell-dependent growth of DW34, a pre-B-cell line. BST2 is highly expressed during B-cell development, from pro-B precursors to plasma cells, T-cells, monocytes, NK cells and DCs (at protein level), and myeloma cells. Research studies have shown that BST2 also functions as an inhibitor of retrovirus release from human cells whose activity is antagonized by the HIV-1 accessory protein, Vpu. While BST2 causes retention of virions on cell surfaces or endocytosis into BST2-positive compartments, its depletion abolished the viral requirement for Vpu for virus release, an activity that may represent a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of HIV/AIDS. Another disease associated with BST2 dysfunction is stomatitis.

Synonyms

2310015I10Rik; bone marrow stromal antigen 2; bone marrow stromal cell antigen 2; Bst2; BST-2; C87040; CD317; Damp1; DAMP-1; DAMP-1 protein homolog; GREG; HM1.24 antigen; NPC-A-7; PDCA-1; protein DAMP-1; TETHERIN