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TMP21 is a ubiquitously expressed protein that is involved in vesicular targeting and protein transport. More recent experiments have shown that it is also a component in the presenilin complex and modulates the -gamma-secretase but not the epsilon-secretase cleavage activity of the amyloid precursor protein. The presenilin complex is composed of the proteins APH1, nicastrin, and PEN2 in addition to presenilin-1. Together, these proteins cleave the amyloid precursor protein at what is known as the -gamma- and epsilon-sites and can lead to the accumulation of the Abeta cleavage product that is associated with Alzheimer's disease. Co-immunoprecipitation experiments using antibodies against these proteins also yielded TMP21 indicating that TMP21 may play a role in the regulation of this complex. Suppression of TMP21 expression by siRNA in transfected cells caused increased -gamma-secretase activity but not epsilon-secretase activity, and increased Abeta production, demonstrating that TMP21 can modulate -gamma-secretase activity.
1110014C03Rik; 21 kDa transmembrane trafficking protein; 21 kDa transmembrane-trafficking protein; hypothetical protein; integral membrane protein p23; integral membrane protein Tmp21-I (p23); p23; p24 family protein delta-1; P24(DELTA); p24d1; p24delta; p24delta1; S31I125; S31III125; testicular tissue protein Li 206; tmed10; tmed10.L; TMP21; Tmp-21-I; transmembrane emp24 domain-containing protein 10; transmembrane emp24-like trafficking protein 10; transmembrane emp24-like trafficking protein 10 (yeast); transmembrane p24 trafficking protein 10; transmembrane p24 trafficking protein 10 L homeolog; transmembrane protein; transmembrane protein tmp21; transmembrane trafficking protein; transmembrane trafficking protein 21; XELAEV_18000191mg; Xp24d2; Xp24delta2
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