Immunofluorescence analysis of catenin beta-1 (CTNNB1) was performed using MCF7 cells treated with 10 ng/mL of human TGF-beta 1 recombinant protein (Product # PHG9214) for 24 hours. The cells were labeled with anti-beta Catenin recombinant rabbit monoclonal antibody (Product # MA5-29202) (Panel a & c;Green). The composite (b & d) represents the merged image with DAPI (blue) and F-actin (red) staining. Cel... View More

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Product Details

PHG9214

Applications

Tested Dilution

Publications

Bioactivity (Bioactivity)

Assay-dependent

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Product Specifications

Species

Human

Published species

Human, Rat

Expression System

HEK293 cells

Amino acid sequence

Human TGF-beta 1 recombinant protein is a homodimer containing two 112 amino acid subunits

Molecular weight

25 kDa

Class

Recombinant

Type

Protein

Purity

≥95% by SDS-PAGE

Endotoxin concentration

<0.1 ng/µg

Activity

ED50 < 0.2 ng/mL; determined by the dose-dependent inhibition of mouse HT-2 cells stimulated with mouse IL-4.

Conjugate

Unconjugated Unconjugated Unconjugated

Form

Lyophilized

Amount

10 µg

Purification

purified

Storage buffer

100mM acetic acid

Contains

no preservative

Storage conditions

4°C

Shipping conditions

Wet ice

Product Specific Information

Reconstitution: Centrifuge the vial briefly, before opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute the lyophilized protein in an acidic buffer, such as 40 mM acetic acid or 4 mM HCl, to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. Do not vortex. This solution can be stored at 2-8°C for up to 1 week. For long term storage, it is recommended to further dilute in buffer containing a carrier protein, such as 0.1% BSA, and store in working aliquots at -20°C to -80°C.

Storage: Store the lyophilized protein at 2-8°C or -20°C, preferably desiccated. Store reconstituted human TGF-beta 1 at ≤-20°C (not in a frost-free freezer). Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Target Information

TGF beta-1 (TGFB1, Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1) is a polypeptide member of the transforming growth factor beta superfamily of cytokines, found almost ubiquitously in tissues. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-b is stored in the extracellular matrix as a latent complex with its pro-domain. Activation of TGF beta-1 requires the binding of aV integrin to an RGD sequence in the prodomain and exertion of force on this domain, which is held in the extracellular matrix by latent TGF-b binding proteins. Latent forms are complexes of TGF beta-1, an amino-terminal portion of the TGF-beta precursor, designated TGF-LAP (TGF-latency associated peptide), and a specific binding protein, known as LTBP. TGF beta-1 helps regulates proliferation, differentiation, adhesion, migration in many cell types. Many cells have TGF beta receptors, and the protein positively and negatively regulates many other growth factors. TGF beta-1 is cleaved into a latency-associated peptide and a mature TGF beta-1 peptide, and is found in either a latent form composed of a TGFB1 homodimer, a LAP homodimer, and a latent TGFB1-binding protein, or in an active form composed of a TGF beta-1 homodimer. The mature peptide may also form heterodimers with other TGF beta family members. The gene for TGF beta-1 is frequently upregulated in tumor cells, and mutations in this gene result in Camurati-Engelmann disease and cystic fibrosis.

For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures. Not for resale without express authorization.

Bioinformatics

Protein Aliases: latency-associated peptide; prepro-transforming growth factor beta-1; TGF b; TGF b 1; TGF beta; tgf beta 1; TGF beta-1; TGF beta-1 protein; tgf beta1; TGF β; TGF β 1; TGF β1; TGF-B1; TGF-beta 1 protein; TGF-beta-1; TGFβ1; Transforming growth factor; transforming growth factor b1; transforming growth factor beta; Transforming growth factor beta-1 proprotein; transforming growth factor beta1; transforming growth factor β1; unnamed protein product

Human TGF-beta 1 Recombinant Protein

Human TGF-beta 1 Protein (PHG9214) in Bioactivity