RELM alpha Monoclonal Antibody (DS8RELM), Brilliant Violet™ 421, eBioscience™

Product Specific Information

Description:
This DS8RELM monoclonal antibody recognizes mouse RELM alpha, also known as FIZZ1. This antibody was shown not to cross-react with mouse RELM gamma.

Applications Tested:
This DS8RELM antibody has been tested by flow cytometric analysis of resident peritoneal macrophages using the Intracellular Fixation & Permeabilization Buffer Set (Product # 88-8824-00) and protocol. Please refer to BestProtocols®: Protocol A: Two step protocol for (cytoplasmic) intracellular proteins located under the Resources Tab online. This may be used at less than or equal to 1.0 µg per test. A test is defined as the amount (µg) of antibody that will stain a cell sample in a final volume of 100 µL. Cell number should be determined empirically but can range from 10^5 to 10^8 cells/test. It is recommended that the antibody be carefully titrated for optimal performance in the assay of interest.

Blocking Buffers
When using two or more Super Bright, Brilliant Violet™, Brilliant Ultra Violet™, or other polymer dye-conjugated antibodies in a staining panel, it is recommended to use Super Bright Complete Staining Buffer (Product # SB-4401) or Brilliant Stain Buffer (Product # 00-4409-75) to minimize any non-specific polymer interactions. Please refer to the datasheet for Super Bright Staining Buffer or Brilliant Stain Buffer for more information.

Fixation
• Samples can be stored in IC Fixation Buffer (Product # 00-8222) (100 µL of cell sample + 100 µL of IC Fixation Buffer) or 1-step Fix/Lyse Solution (Product # 00-5333) for up to 3 days in the dark at 4°C with minimal impact on brightness and FRET efficiency/compensation.
• Some generalizations regarding fluorophore performance after fixation can be made, but clone specific performance should be determined empirically.

Excitation: 407 nm; Emission: 423 nm; Laser: Violet Laser.

BRILLIANT ULTRA VIOLET™ is a trademark or registered trademark of Becton, Dickinson and Company or its affiliates, and is used under license. Powered by Sirigen™.

Target Information

RELM alpha, also known as Resistin-like alpha or FIZZ1, is a small cytokine (88 aminoacids, MW 9.4 kDa) produced mostly by macrophages. Its highest constitutive expression has been observed in small peritoneal macrophages, alveolar macrophages and adipose tissue macrophages. It is strongly induced by IL-4 and IL-13. Together with Arginase 1 and Ym-1, RELM alpha is considered one of the hallmarks of the M2 polarization of mouse macrophages, however, macrophages polarized with IL-10 (M2c) express neither RELM alpha nor Arginase 1. Also, the expression patterns of RELM alpha and Arginase 1 in untreated tissue macrophages significantly differ. Elevated levels of RELM alpha may indicate parasitic infection. Humans do not have RELM alpha gene but human Resistin resembles mouse RELM alpha in respect to sequence, tissue distribution and function. Other members of RELM family in mouse: RELM beta, RELM gamma and Resistin display different tissue distribution and functional properties. RELM alpha plays an important role in parasite infection, mucosal inflammation and allergy.