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The information in this website is intended only for laboratory professionals. By entering this site, you are confirming that you are a laboratory professional.
Thyroid Diseases
Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITDs) are one of the most prevalent autoimmune diseases.1
Diagnosing AITDs is difficult to do based on clinical examination or symptomatology alone, however, antibody testing can give diagnostic insight needed to rule in or rule out AITDs.2
Depending on the stage of the disease, 98% of patients suffering from AITDs have antibodies against thyroglobulin (TG) or thyroid peroxidase (TPO) or both.3 A negative test can help you virtually exclude a diagnosis of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.2 The measurement of anti-TPO antibodies in combination with elevated thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and lowered thyroid hormones T3 and T4 strongly supports the diagnosis of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.4 Lowered TSH and elevated T3 and T4 can be used to confirm hyperthyroidism.
Depending on the stage of the disease, 98% of patients suffering from AITDs have antibodies against thyroglobulin (TG) or thyroid peroxidase (TPO) or both.3
Besides anti-TPO and anti-TG antibodies, the measurement of antibodies against TSH receptor (anti-TSH-R) aids in the diagnosis of Graves’ disease, the main AITD causing hyperthyroidism.
A diagnosis of thyroid cancer involves the measurement of serum TG protein,
anti-TG antibodies occur in approximately 30% of patients and might interfere with the measurement of TG protein. A change in TG antibody levels, for example, may provide additional useful information in detecting cancer recurrence or metastases in postoperative patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma.5
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Testing for AITDs
The presence of AITDs, especially Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, increases the risk for other autoimmune diseases such as Type 1 diabetes mellitus and Addison’s disease.3 Be aware of this link and consider testing your patient for other autoimmune diseases, if appropriate.
EliA™ TPO6
Sample material: Serum, plasma (EDTA, citrate, heparin)
Reference Values
| Measuring range: 4–1542 EliA U/ml |
|
| Value | Classification |
| <25 EliA U/ml | Negative |
| 25-35 EliA U/ml | Equivocal |
| >35 EliA U/ml | Positive |
EliA™ TG7
Sample material: Serum, plasma (EDTA, citrate, heparin)
Reference Values
| Measuring range: 2–4794 EliA U/ml |
|
| Value | Classification |
| <40 EliA U/ml | Negative |
| 40-60 EliA U/ml | Equivocal |
| >60 EliA U/ml | Positive |
Reference values apply to all ages. Reference values, coating, dilution and sample material have been taken from respective Phadia™ 250 instrument Directions for Use. These data are intended as a guide and should be treated accordingly.
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- Bliddal S, Nielsen CH, Feldt-Rasmussen U. Recent advances in understanding autoimmune thyroid disease: the tallest tree in the forest of polyautoimmunity. F1000Research. 2017;6:1776
- Slatosky J, Shipton B, Wahba H. Thyroiditis: Differential Diagnosis and Management. Am Fam Physician. 2000;15;61(4):1047-1052.
- Iddah MA, Macharia BN. Autoimmune thyroid disorders. ISRN Endocrinol. 2013;2013:509764.
- Schott M, Seißler J, Scherbaum WA. Diagnostic testing for autoimmune thyroid diseases. J Lab Med. 2006; 34(4):254-257.
- Ringel MD, Nabhan F. Approach to Follow-Up of the Patient With Differentiated Thyroid Cancer and Positive Anti-Thyroglobulin Antibodies. J Clin Endocr Metab. 2013; 98(8):3104-3110.
- Phadia™ EliA™ Anti-TPO Directions for Use for the Phadia 250 Laboratory System. Issued November 2016.
- EliA Anti-TG Directions for Use for the Phadia 250 Laboratory System. Issued November 2016.
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