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Thermo Fisher Scientific LIVE/DEAD cell viability assays provide for easy and sensitive differentiation of live, dead, and cytotoxic populations using fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, or microplate readers. These fluorescent-based LIVE/DEAD assays can be used to evaluate viability in cellular populations, bacteria, fungi, and yeast. The fluorescent dyes used in these viability assays range from blue to near-IR emission. Some viability assays permit fixation, which enables intracellular staining and neutralization of pathogens.
See also: Cell Viability Assays
Cell Viability Assay Protocols
LIVE/DEAD cell viability kits offer two- or three-color discrimination of live from dead populations based on membrane integrity, esterase activity, metabolic activity, or structural segmentation. Learn more about these LIVE/DEAD cell viability kits.
Platform* | Fluorescent dyes | Ex/Em (nm) ** | Fluorescent Color | Cat. No. | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
LIVE/DEAD Viability/Cytotoxicity Kit | FC, FM, M | Calcein AM ethidium homodimer-1 | 494/517 517/617 | Green (Live) Red (Dead) | L3224 |
The LIVE/DEAD Viability/Cytotoxicity Assay Kit (Green/Deep Red) | FM, M | Calcein AM, SYTOX Deep Red | 494/517 660/682 | Green (Live) Deep Red (Dead) | L32250 |
LIVE/DEAD Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity Kit | FC, FM, M | DiOC19(3) propidium iodide | 484/501 536/617 | Green (Live) Red (Dead) | L7010 |
LIVE/DEAD Sperm Viability Kit | FC, FM | SYBR 14 dye propidium iodide | 485/517 586/617 | Green (Live) Red (Dead) | L7011 |
LIVE/DEAD Reduced Biohazard Cell Viability Kit #1 | FC, FM, M | SYTO 10 green ethidium homodimer-2 | 484/505 535/624 | Green (Live) Red (Dead) | L7013 |
LIVE/DEAD Cell Viability Assay Kit, C12 Resazurin/SYTOX Green | FC, FM, M | SYTOX Green dye C12-resazurin | 488/530 488/575 | Green (Dead) Red (Live) | L34951 |
LIVE/DEAD Violet Viability/Vitality Kit | FM | Calcein violet AM aqua-fluorescent reactive dye | 400/452 367/528 | Violet (Live) Violet (Dead) | L34958 |
LIVE/DEAD Cell Imaging Kit | FM | Calcein AM BOBO-3 Iodide | 488/515 570/602 | Green (Live) Red (Dead) | R37601 |
HCS LIVE/DEAD Green Kit | FM, M | Hoechst 33342 Image-iT DEAD Green HCS NuclearMask Deep Red | 350/461 488/515 638/686 | Blue (DNA) Green (Dead) Red (Live) | H10290 |
*FC = flow cytometry; FM = fluorescence microscopy; M = microplate assay **Ex=excitation; Em=emission |
LIVE/DEAD kits for bacterial viability are convenient and easy-to-use two-color fluorescent assays to discriminate between live and dead bacterial populations based on membrane integrity. Learn more about these LIVE/DEAD bacterial viability kits.
Platform* | Fluorescent dyes | Ex/Em (nm) ** | Fluorescent Color | Cat. No. | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
LIVE/DEAD BacLight Bacterial Viability Kit | FC, FM, M | SYTO 9 propidium iodide | 480/500 490/635 | Green (Live) Red (Dead) | L7007 |
LIVE/DEAD BacLight Bacterial Viability Kit, for microscopy & quantitative assays | FC, FM, M | SYTO 9 propidium iodide | 480/500 490/635 | Green (Live) Red (Dead) | L7012 |
LIVE/DEAD BacLight Bacterial Viability Kit | FC, FM, M | SYTO 9 propidium iodide | 480/500 490/635 | Green (Live) Red (Dead) | L13152 |
LIVE/DEAD BacLight Bacterial Viability and Counting Kit | FC | SYTO 9 propidium iodide | 485/498 535/617 | Green (Live) Red (Dead) | L34856 |
FilmTracer LIVE/DEAD Biofilm Viability Kit | FM | SYTO 9 propidium iodide | 482/500 490/635 | Green (Live) Red (Dead) | L10316 |
*FC = flow cytometry; FM = fluorescence microscopy; M = microplate assay **Ex=excitation; Em=emission |
LIVE/DEAD kits for fungi and yeast viability offer two-color discrimination of live and dead fungal populations based on membrane integrity or metabolic activity and fungal cell wall labeling. Learn more about these LIVE/DEAD fungi and yeast viability kits.
Platform* | Fluorescent dyes | Ex/Em (nm) ** | Fluorescent Color | Cat. No. | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
LIVE/DEAD Yeast Viability Kit | FM, M | FUN 1 Calcofluor White M2R | 488/530 488/560-610 365/440 | Green (All) Red-orange (Live) Blue (All) | L7009 |
LIVE/DEAD FungaLight Yeast Viability Kit | FC | SYTO9 dye propidium iodide | 485/530 485/630 | Green (Live) Red (Dead) | L34952 |
*FC = flow cytometry; FM = fluorescence microscopy; M = microplate assay **Ex=excitation; Em=emission |
LIVE/DEAD cell viability kits offer two- or three-color discrimination of live from dead populations based on membrane integrity, esterase activity, metabolic activity, or structural segmentation. Learn more about these LIVE/DEAD cell viability kits.
Platform* | Fluorescent dyes | Ex/Em (nm) ** | Fluorescent Color | Cat. No. | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
LIVE/DEAD Viability/Cytotoxicity Kit | FC, FM, M | Calcein AM ethidium homodimer-1 | 494/517 517/617 | Green (Live) Red (Dead) | L3224 |
The LIVE/DEAD Viability/Cytotoxicity Assay Kit (Green/Deep Red) | FM, M | Calcein AM, SYTOX Deep Red | 494/517 660/682 | Green (Live) Deep Red (Dead) | L32250 |
LIVE/DEAD Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity Kit | FC, FM, M | DiOC19(3) propidium iodide | 484/501 536/617 | Green (Live) Red (Dead) | L7010 |
LIVE/DEAD Sperm Viability Kit | FC, FM | SYBR 14 dye propidium iodide | 485/517 586/617 | Green (Live) Red (Dead) | L7011 |
LIVE/DEAD Reduced Biohazard Cell Viability Kit #1 | FC, FM, M | SYTO 10 green ethidium homodimer-2 | 484/505 535/624 | Green (Live) Red (Dead) | L7013 |
LIVE/DEAD Cell Viability Assay Kit, C12 Resazurin/SYTOX Green | FC, FM, M | SYTOX Green dye C12-resazurin | 488/530 488/575 | Green (Dead) Red (Live) | L34951 |
LIVE/DEAD Violet Viability/Vitality Kit | FM | Calcein violet AM aqua-fluorescent reactive dye | 400/452 367/528 | Violet (Live) Violet (Dead) | L34958 |
LIVE/DEAD Cell Imaging Kit | FM | Calcein AM BOBO-3 Iodide | 488/515 570/602 | Green (Live) Red (Dead) | R37601 |
HCS LIVE/DEAD Green Kit | FM, M | Hoechst 33342 Image-iT DEAD Green HCS NuclearMask Deep Red | 350/461 488/515 638/686 | Blue (DNA) Green (Dead) Red (Live) | H10290 |
*FC = flow cytometry; FM = fluorescence microscopy; M = microplate assay **Ex=excitation; Em=emission |
LIVE/DEAD kits for bacterial viability are convenient and easy-to-use two-color fluorescent assays to discriminate between live and dead bacterial populations based on membrane integrity. Learn more about these LIVE/DEAD bacterial viability kits.
Platform* | Fluorescent dyes | Ex/Em (nm) ** | Fluorescent Color | Cat. No. | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
LIVE/DEAD BacLight Bacterial Viability Kit | FC, FM, M | SYTO 9 propidium iodide | 480/500 490/635 | Green (Live) Red (Dead) | L7007 |
LIVE/DEAD BacLight Bacterial Viability Kit, for microscopy & quantitative assays | FC, FM, M | SYTO 9 propidium iodide | 480/500 490/635 | Green (Live) Red (Dead) | L7012 |
LIVE/DEAD BacLight Bacterial Viability Kit | FC, FM, M | SYTO 9 propidium iodide | 480/500 490/635 | Green (Live) Red (Dead) | L13152 |
LIVE/DEAD BacLight Bacterial Viability and Counting Kit | FC | SYTO 9 propidium iodide | 485/498 535/617 | Green (Live) Red (Dead) | L34856 |
FilmTracer LIVE/DEAD Biofilm Viability Kit | FM | SYTO 9 propidium iodide | 482/500 490/635 | Green (Live) Red (Dead) | L10316 |
*FC = flow cytometry; FM = fluorescence microscopy; M = microplate assay **Ex=excitation; Em=emission |
LIVE/DEAD kits for fungi and yeast viability offer two-color discrimination of live and dead fungal populations based on membrane integrity or metabolic activity and fungal cell wall labeling. Learn more about these LIVE/DEAD fungi and yeast viability kits.
Platform* | Fluorescent dyes | Ex/Em (nm) ** | Fluorescent Color | Cat. No. | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
LIVE/DEAD Yeast Viability Kit | FM, M | FUN 1 Calcofluor White M2R | 488/530 488/560-610 365/440 | Green (All) Red-orange (Live) Blue (All) | L7009 |
LIVE/DEAD FungaLight Yeast Viability Kit | FC | SYTO9 dye propidium iodide | 485/530 485/630 | Green (Live) Red (Dead) | L34952 |
*FC = flow cytometry; FM = fluorescence microscopy; M = microplate assay **Ex=excitation; Em=emission |
LIVE/DEAD cell viability kits offer two- or three-color discrimination of live from dead populations based on membrane integrity, esterase activity, metabolic activity, or structural segmentation. These viability kits been have optimized for use on fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, and microplate readers.
LIVE/DEAD Viability/Cytotoxicity Kit is a quick and easy two-color viability assay based on membrane integrity and esterase activity (Figure 1). Plasma membrane integrity is determined by ethidium homodimer-1 which enters cells with a compromised plasma membranes to bind DNA and emit a red fluorescence; live cells are identified by Calcein AM, a fluorogenic cell-permeant dye that is converted to a green fluorescence after interaction with intracellular esterase’s.
LIVE/DEAD Cell Viability Assay Kit, C12 Resazurin/SYTOX Green is a simple, two-color viability assay to identify metabolically active cells from dead and damaged cells (Figure 2). In metabolically active cells, C12-resazurin is reduced to C12-resorufin to emit a red fluorescence. C12-resazurin is the lipophilic version of resazurin that is more permeable to live cells and the C12-resorufin product is better retained in cells. The SYTOX Green dye enters the compromised plasma membrane of dead and dying cells, and binds DNA resulting in a green fluorescence. Cells that have undergone damage, will display a reduced red and green fluorescence.
LIVE/DEAD kits for bacterial viability are convenient and easy-to-use two-color fluorescent assays to discriminate between live and dead bacterial populations based on membrane integrity. These kits contain SYTO 9 green-fluorescent stain and PI red-fluorescent stain that differ in their ability to enter bacteria. When used alone, SYTO 9 will stain all bacteria in a population regardless of membrane integrity; however, PI will only enter bacteria with a compromised membrane causing reduced SYTO 9 fluorescence. With an optimized mixture, dead bacteria will fluoresce red, while live bacteria will fluoresce green. These assays have been optimized for use on fluorescence microscopy (Figure 3), flow cytometry (Figure 4), and microplate readers.
Learn more about bacterial viability assays for flow cytometry
LIVE/DEAD Yeast Viability Kits provide easy, reliable, and quantitative discrimination in pure or mixed cultures. Each kit offers two-color discrimination based on membrane integrity or metabolic activity and fungal cell wall labeling.
Learn more about yeast viability assays for flow cytometry
The Yeast Viability Kit (Figure 5) contains FUN 1 dye, that uses the plasma membrane integrity and metabolic activity of live populations to convert the yellow-green-fluorescent intracellular staining to red-orange intravacuolar structures, and Calcofluor White M2R which labels cell-wall chitin with a blue-fluorescence.
The LIVE/DEAD FungaLight Yeast Viability Kit uses 2 nucleic acids stains - SYTO9 green-fluorescent stain and PI red-fluorescent stain (Figure 6). When used alone, SYTO 9 will stain all yeast in the population; while PI only enters yeast with a damaged membrane resulting in reduced SYTO 9 fluorescence. As a result, live yeast with uncompromised membrane will fluoresce green whereas dead yeast with compromised membrane will fluoresce red.
LIVE/DEAD Fixable Dead Cell Stain Kits allow you to accurately distinguish live and dead cells when performing intracellular staining in flow cytometry (Figure 7). Additionally, the dyes in the kits react covalently with protein so that the discrimination is completely preserved following fixation of the sample by formaldehyde, a treatment that inactivates pathogens.
Learn more about LIVE/DEAD Fixable Dead Cell Stain Kits
Flow Cytometry Panel Builder – Design your flow cytometry panel with this online tool for a simplified, customizable experience to fit your needs
Fluorescence SpectraViewer – Online tool for visualization of the excitation and emission of fluorescent reagents; allows for checking spectral compatibility for multiple fluorophores.
Cell Viability, Proliferation and Cell Cycle Information – Find educational resources such as application notes, webinars, videos, articles, and more that cover the use of many of our reagents and kits for monitoring cell function.
Cell Analysis Support Center – Find technical information, tips and tricks, and answers to everyday problems.
5 Steps Resources
For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures.