Amine-reactive, environment-sensitive fluorophores—Table 1.13

Fluorophore	Abs *	Em *	Succinimidyl Ester	Other	Notes
Cascade Yellow	402	545	C10164		Fluorescence emission spectrum shifts to shorter wavelengths in nonpolar solvents
Dansyl	335	518	D6104 (X)	D21 (SC)	Sulfonyl chloride is nonfluorescent until it reacts with amines Weak fluorescence in aqueous solutions
Dapoxyl	395	601	D10161	D10160 (SC)	Very low fluorescence in water Large Stokes shifts (up to ~200 nm) Large extinction coefficients of Dapoxyl derivatives in some solvents
NBD	466	535	S1167 (X)	C20260 (AH) F486 (AH)	NBD amine derivatives have low fluorescence in water; emission spectra and quantum yields in other solvents are variable
PyMPO	415	570	S6110		Fluorescence emission spectrum shifts to shorter wavelengths in nonpolar solvents
Pyrene	340	376	P130 P6114 (CASE)	P24 (SC)	Forms excited-state dimers (excimers) that emit at longer wavelengths (~470 nm) than the lone excited fluorophore Extremely long fluorescence lifetime (can be >100 ns)
Absorption (Abs) and Emission (Em) maxima, in nm, are for conjugates. (AH) = Aryl halide. (CASE) = Cysteic acid separating the dye and the SE. (SC) = Sulfonyl chloride. (X) = Aminohexanoyl spacer separating the dye and the SE.

For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures.

Amine-Reactive, Environment-Sensitive Fluorophores—Table 1.13